• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
DNA
DNA

... 1. RNA is composed on one strand of nucleotides rather than two strands 2. RNA nucleotides contain the five carbon sugar RIBOSE rather than the sugar deoxyribose. 3. RNA nucleotides have the nitrogen base called URACIL (U) instead of thymine. Although no thymine bases are found in RNA, the other bas ...
Document
Document

... lengths (usually several million bp in length.) • These are the “elephants” in the race through the agarose and cant enter the gel matrix when they are this big. • Restriction enzymes made possible the cutting of DNA into smaller fragments together with their separation and visualization by agarose ...
Microsoft Word 97
Microsoft Word 97

... iii ...
At the Forefront in PGD
At the Forefront in PGD

... Fundamentals of combined chromosomal PGD Couples with one member carrying a balanced chromosomal rearrangement (translocation or inversion) have an increased risk of generating abnormal embryos as a result of segregation of the balanced abnormality. This causes, recurrent abortions and, in many case ...
The Human Genome Chapter 14
The Human Genome Chapter 14

... Scientists begin answering the question about what makes us human by seeing the human cell with a microscope, starting with the chromosomes. The cell biologists photograph the cells in mitosis to analyze the chromes. A picture of chromosomes arranged in pairs is known as a karyotype. Two of the 46 c ...
CHAPTER 4 Study Guide
CHAPTER 4 Study Guide

... 10. What must occur for a girl to be colorblind? a. Each parent must be colorblind. b. Each parent must have the dominant allele for colorblindness. c. Each parent must have the recessive allele for colorblindness. d. Each parent must have two codominant alleles for colorblindness. 11. How does a ge ...
Practical II - Faculty Websites
Practical II - Faculty Websites

... strongly recommend that you study these thoroughly. It might be helpful to refer to these study guides while looking at the demos.  Practical II General Review Guide  Practical II Tests  Study Photos for Practical II Review the lab manual, lab handouts, quizzes and the lab reports, especially the ...
bio12_sm_07_2
bio12_sm_07_2

... 6. DNA Replication and Transcription DNA replication Both DNA transcription - produces 2 semi-create new -produces a conserved double complementary nucleic single strand of stranded DNA molecules acid strands mRNA -uses DNA polymerase -read DNA code -use RNA polymerase 7. Answers may vary. Sample an ...
Lect11_DNAMethylation
Lect11_DNAMethylation

Alief ISD Biology STAAR EOC Review Reporting Category 2
Alief ISD Biology STAAR EOC Review Reporting Category 2

... Proteins have a role in shaping the traits of organisms. I.e. they may form structures in cells, act as catalyst in reactions (enzymes), transmits signals throughout the body (hormones) or help an organism fight invaders (antibodies) Changes in DNA- mutations Mutation- A change to the structure or o ...
File - Gander biology
File - Gander biology

... Proteins have a role in shaping the traits of organisms. I.e. they may form structures in cells, act as catalyst in reactions (enzymes), transmits signals throughout the body (hormones) or help an organism fight invaders (antibodies) Changes in DNA- mutations Mutation- A change to the structure or o ...
Chapter 25: Molecular Basis of Inheritance
Chapter 25: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

... Now RNA polymerase binds to the operator and brings about transcription of the genes that code for enzymes necessary to lactose metabolism. Structural genes code for enzymes of a metabolic pathway that are transcribed as a unit. A regulator gene codes for a repressor that can bind to the operator a ...
Selective propagation of the clones
Selective propagation of the clones

... studied using a variety of different techniques such as Restriction enzyme analysis, DNA sequencing, in vitro expression studies.  Molecular Hybridization: The DNA fragment is not amplified but rather studied as it is found in a complex mixture of DNA fragments. The restriction analysis can be perf ...
Quick Reference Sheet
Quick Reference Sheet

Topic 7: Mendelian and Human Genetics
Topic 7: Mendelian and Human Genetics

... Most chromosome conditions are referred to by category of aneuploidy followed by the number of the affected chromosome. For example, trisomy 13 means that three copies of chromosome 13 are present. POINT ABNORMALITIES Sometimes mutations occur on a much smaller scale that cause genetic disorders. Be ...
Chapter 2 Human Genetics Overview The purpose of this chapter is
Chapter 2 Human Genetics Overview The purpose of this chapter is

... In a heterozygote (two alleles at a given locus are different), an allele is dominant when it masks the effect of the other allele at a given locus. ...
Topic 7: Mendelian and Human Genetics Uncover Inheritance
Topic 7: Mendelian and Human Genetics Uncover Inheritance

... Most chromosome conditions are referred to by category of aneuploidy followed by the number of the affected chromosome. For example, trisomy 13 means that three copies of chromosome 13 are present. POINT ABNORMALITIES Sometimes mutations occur on a much smaller scale that cause genetic disorders. Be ...
Chapter 6 Genes and Gene Technology Section 1 We now know
Chapter 6 Genes and Gene Technology Section 1 We now know

... DNA molecules. 9. James ________________ and Francis _______________ modeled DNA and determined the shape must be a _________________ _________________. 10. Describe and draw a double helix DNA molecule. 11. Draw the DNA molecule with at least 10 base pairs correctly matched (your drawing on this po ...
Topic 7 - Genetics
Topic 7 - Genetics

... Most chromosome conditions are referred to by category of aneuploidy followed by the number of the affected chromosome. For example, trisomy 13 means that three copies of chromosome 13 are present. POINT ABNORMALITIES Sometimes mutations occur on a much smaller scale that cause genetic disorders. Be ...
Lecture 10
Lecture 10

... • Genetic markers are employed in genealogical DNA testing for genetic genealogy to determine genetic distance between individuals or populations. • With the aid of genetic markers, researchers were able to provide conclusive evidence that the cancerous tumor cell evolved into a transmissible parasi ...
Document
Document

... Learning Targets Please write at the top of your notes: Explain the difference between autosomal and sexlinked genes and how sex-linked genes produce different inheritance patterns in males and females. ...
Chapter 9 Eukaryotic Cells and Multicellular Organisms
Chapter 9 Eukaryotic Cells and Multicellular Organisms

... • Different molecules have different mutation rates – higher rate, better for studying closely related species – lower rate, better for studying distantly related species • Ribosomal RNA is used to study distantly related species – many conservative regions because the shape is so important – lower ...
DNA packing - local.brookings.k12.sd.us
DNA packing - local.brookings.k12.sd.us

... One gene of an insertion sequence codes for transposase, which catalyzes the transposon’s movement. The inverted repeats, about 20 to 40 nucleotide pairs long, are backward, upside-down versions of each oth. In transposition, transposase molecules bind to the inverted repeats & catalyze the cutting ...
You Light Up My Life
You Light Up My Life

... altered amino acid sequence ...
Designing Molecular Machines·
Designing Molecular Machines·

... double-helical ON A by creating a sho rr piece of DN A that would form a local third stcand at that one site. In other words, cou ld this rhreestranded structure- the details of which are still imperfectly understood, and whose biological use, if any, remains unknown-be used for a new function: sequ ...
< 1 ... 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 ... 494 >

Cell-free fetal DNA

Cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) is fetal DNA circulating freely in the maternal blood stream. It can be sampled by venipuncture on the mother. Analysis of cffDNA provides a method of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.cffDNA originates from the trophoblasts making up the placenta. It is estimated that 2-6% of the DNA in the maternal blood is fetal in origin. The fetal DNA is fragmented and makes its way into the maternal bloodstream via shedding of the placental microparticles into the maternal bloodstream (figure 1). Studies have shown that cffDNA can first be observed as early as 7 weeks gestation, and the amount of cffDNA increases as the pregnancy progresses. cffDNA diminishes quickly after the birth of the baby, so that it is no longer detectable in the maternal blood approximately 2 hours after birth. cffDNA is significantly smaller than the maternal DNA in the bloodstream, with fragments approximately 200bp in size. Many protocols to extract the fetal DNA from the maternal plasma use its size to distinguish it from the maternal DNA.Studies have looked at, and some even optimized, protocols for testing non-compatible RhD factors, sex determination for X-linked genetic disorders and testing for single gene disorders. Current studies are now looking at determining aneuploidies in the developing fetus. These protocols can be done earlier than the current prenatal testing methods, and have no risk of spontaneous abortion, unlike current prenatal testing methods. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been implemented in the UK and parts of the US; it has clear benefits above the standard tests of chorionic villi sample (CVS) and amniocentesis which have procedure-related miscarriage risks of about 1 in 100 pregnancies and 1 in 200 pregnancies, respectively.As a method of prenatal diagnosis, cell-free fetal DNA techniques share the same ethical and practical issues, such as the possibility of prenatal sex discernment and sex selection.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report