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Module 3: Cell Reproduction Guided Notes Lesson 3.00 Introduction
Module 3: Cell Reproduction Guided Notes Lesson 3.00 Introduction

... Genetic diversity is very important in a species being able to adapt. There are ways that binary fission can still end up with genetic diversity: (Describe each in 10 words or less) Mutation-_____ Transduction-_____ Conjugation-_____ Transformation-_____ Sample Question What is occurring during conj ...
Lecture 1
Lecture 1

... • ...just as bad, the project didn't even amount to hypothesisdriven science at all. Rather, critics charged, it was no more than a big fishing expedition, a mindless factory project that no scientists in their right minds would join. Science 291 (5507), 1182 ...
DNA in the garden poster
DNA in the garden poster

... A risk with conventional breeding is that in selecting for priority traits we may inadvertently lose others that are less important but nonetheless beneficial. The race to develop fast-growing grasses that respond well to the high chemical inputs of intensive livestock production, has meant that oth ...
Genome
Genome

... • ...just as bad, the project didn't even amount to hypothesisdriven science at all. Rather, critics charged, it was no more than a big fishing expedition, a mindless factory project that no scientists in their right minds would join. Science 291 (5507), 1182 ...
Slide 2
Slide 2

... during the formation of the gametes is called meiosis. In this process, one diploid cell gives origin to 4 haploid cells. Prior to the meiotic division, during a period called “Interphase”, the chromosomes are composed by centromere and 1 chromatide and duplicate their genetic information resulting ...
Section 13-2
Section 13-2

... 3. The DNA is heated to separate its two strands, then cooled to allow the primers to bind to the singlestranded DNA 4. DNA polymerase starts making copies of the region between the two primers 5. The copies serve as templates, so a few dozen cycles of replication can produce millions of copies 6. I ...
An in vitro RNA synthesis reaction was set up and allowed to
An in vitro RNA synthesis reaction was set up and allowed to

... Mature mRNA sequence (G* = G cap): 5'-G*UCAUGUGCGAACGCUGACUAGGAAAAAAAA....-3' a. In the genomic DNA sequence shown above, draw a box around each of the two exons in the gene. b. In the mRNA above, some nucleotides are present that are not coded for in the genomic DNA sequence. Name the two processes ...
Regulation of Eukaryotic Genes
Regulation of Eukaryotic Genes

... 3B.1c: In eukaryotes, gene expression is complex and control involves regulatory genes, regulatory elements and transcription factors act in concert. 3B.1c.1: Transcription factors bind to specific DNA sequences and/or other regulatory proteins. 3B.1c.2: Some of these transcription factors are activ ...
Introduction to your genome
Introduction to your genome

Wizard Test Maker
Wizard Test Maker

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Meiosis Chapeter 11 section #4
Meiosis Chapeter 11 section #4

... • Segments of DNA on a chromosome • Code for a trait ...
Anatomy of a Virus
Anatomy of a Virus

... – Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules that are separate from chromosomes. – Plasmids, found in bacteria and in the eukaryote yeast, can replicate independently of the rest of the cell and are occasionally be transferred between cells. – Transposons are DNA segments that can move from one loca ...
Exercise - GEP Community Server
Exercise - GEP Community Server

... sequences using the RepeatMasker computer script. It is essential that the search for genes is done in regions that do not contain repetitive DNA. For a large genome with lots of repetitive DNA, this would slow down the search process, and additionally, these regions are usually silenced. Thus the p ...
Blueprint for life - Siemens Science Day
Blueprint for life - Siemens Science Day

... the nucleus) and write the word proteins at the end of the arrow. Explain that the sequence within the DNA is like a code that tells the cell the specific proteins to make in the cytoplasm. Different DNA sequences make different proteins. Tell students that they are going to decode the DNA of some ...
Sem 2 Bio Review Questions
Sem 2 Bio Review Questions

... In a certain species of alien, the gene for yellow spots (Y) is dominant over the gene for red spots and the gene for blue skin color (B) is dominant over the gene for green skin color. What is the probability that red spotted, green skinned offspring will be produced in a cross between a parent th ...
Nucleic Acids, the Genetic Code, and the Synthesis of
Nucleic Acids, the Genetic Code, and the Synthesis of

... deciphers the code and delivers the specified amino acid ...
Preview Sample 1
Preview Sample 1

... is associated with the cytoplasmic face of the cell membrane in the nucleoid region (Figure 2.14), and that of eukaryotes with the inner face of the nuclear membrane. Prokaryotic genomes are considered haploid (that is, each gene is a single copy), usually consisting of a single, circular chromosome ...
Chapter 8 DNA Fingerprinting and Forensic Analysis
Chapter 8 DNA Fingerprinting and Forensic Analysis

... How do we distinguish one person’s DNA from another? • We do not need to sequence the entire 3 billion base pairs of a person’s DNA to distinguish it from another person’s DNA • Intron regions of DNA (junk DNA) contain sequences that are 20-100 bp in length that are repeated at different locations ...
DNA cloning
DNA cloning

... DNA cloning, Hosts and vectors, Subcloning, DNA libraries, Screening libraries, Analysis of a clone ...
Gene transfer from organelles to the nucleus: Frequent and in big
Gene transfer from organelles to the nucleus: Frequent and in big

... found in the corresponding mitochondrion-encoded copies. However, mitochondrial introns are often mobile, and their mobility can mimic the involvement of cDNA mechanisms even under a bulk transfer process (21). Genome sequence data, and now laboratory work (6, 11), have brought forth abundant eviden ...
speciation (formation of new species)
speciation (formation of new species)

... Prokaryotes reproduce using asexual reproduction e.g. binary fission. They can also transfer genetic material from one cell to another through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Horizontal gene transfer can occur in three ways: (a) Transformation When cells are destroyed, pieces of their DNA remain and ...
DNA Structure: Gumdrop Modeling Student Advanced Version
DNA Structure: Gumdrop Modeling Student Advanced Version

... 3. Have one person in your group slide a ring of tape (sticky side out!) on each pointer finger, and point the fingers at each other, a few inches apart. 4. Now have a partner take the second piece of string and wrap it 2 times around the tape ring on one finger making sure to wrap up the first (hai ...
Plasmid Purification, Restriction Digest, and Lithium Acetate
Plasmid Purification, Restriction Digest, and Lithium Acetate

... 18. Pellet the cells by spinning in a microfuge for one minute at 13,000rpm. Be sure to balance the microfuge, perhaps by coordinating with another group. 19. Remove approximately 800L of water from your sample, then resuspend the cells in the remaining liquid and plate it on an SDC-his plate as fo ...
Reviewing Key Concepts Reviewing Key Skills
Reviewing Key Concepts Reviewing Key Skills

... 5. multicellular eukaryotes without cell walls or chloroplasts ...
File
File

... Demonstrate that changes in genotype causes changes in phenotype by transforming E.coli into fluorescent ...
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Extrachromosomal DNA



Extrachromosomal DNA is any DNA that is found outside of the nucleus of a cell. It is also referred to as extranuclear DNA or cytoplasmic DNA. Most DNA in an individual genome is found in chromosomes but DNA found outside of the nucleus also serves important biological functions.In prokaryotes, nonviral extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in plasmids whereas in eukaryotes extrachromosomal DNA is primarily found in organelles. Mitochondrial DNA is a main source of this extrachromosomal DNA in eukaryotes. Extrachromosomal DNA is often used in research of replication because it is easy to identify and isolate.Extrachromosomal DNA was found to be structurally different from nuclear DNA. Cytoplasmic DNA is less methylated than DNA found within the nucleus. It was also confirmed that the sequences of cytoplasmic DNA was different from nuclear DNA in the same organism, showing that cytoplasmic DNAs are not simply fragments of nuclear DNA.In addition to DNA found outside of the nucleus in cells, infection of viral genomes also provides an example of extrachromosomal DNA.
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