high-performance gene expression
... The SensiFAST cDNA Synthesis Kit has been developed to generate real-time ready first strand cDNA from total RNA template. The kit contains all necessary components in the unique TransAmp™ buffer system to deliver the highest quality cDNA. An optimized blend of random hexamer and anchored oligo(dT) ...
... The SensiFAST cDNA Synthesis Kit has been developed to generate real-time ready first strand cDNA from total RNA template. The kit contains all necessary components in the unique TransAmp™ buffer system to deliver the highest quality cDNA. An optimized blend of random hexamer and anchored oligo(dT) ...
Strong association between mRNA folding strength and protein
... yet unknown. For example, this correlation might be related to the biophysical and biomechanical features of gene translation [19,22], which have higher efficiency and/or fidelity when the mF is higher. The answers related to these aspects of translation can be gained based on molecular dynamic simu ...
... yet unknown. For example, this correlation might be related to the biophysical and biomechanical features of gene translation [19,22], which have higher efficiency and/or fidelity when the mF is higher. The answers related to these aspects of translation can be gained based on molecular dynamic simu ...
c-Myc co-ordinates mRNA cap methylation and ribosomal RNA
... Figure 1. Expression of the mRNA cap methyltransferase complex, RNMT–RAM, is required for 45S rRNA production. HeLa cells were transfected into two independent RAM siRNAs, an RNMT siRNA and a non-targeting control siRNA, for 48 h. (A) Expression of RNMT, RAM and GAPDH was analysed by western blot. ( ...
... Figure 1. Expression of the mRNA cap methyltransferase complex, RNMT–RAM, is required for 45S rRNA production. HeLa cells were transfected into two independent RAM siRNAs, an RNMT siRNA and a non-targeting control siRNA, for 48 h. (A) Expression of RNMT, RAM and GAPDH was analysed by western blot. ( ...
Messenger RNA reprogramming by spliceosome-mediated
... nuclear uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs and more than sixty proteins, and are very likely ribozymes at their catalytic core. Given the abundance of spliceosomal components it can be assumed that there are between 100,000 and 200,000 spliceosomes per mammalian cell nucleus (ref. 16 and references the ...
... nuclear uridine-rich small nuclear RNAs and more than sixty proteins, and are very likely ribozymes at their catalytic core. Given the abundance of spliceosomal components it can be assumed that there are between 100,000 and 200,000 spliceosomes per mammalian cell nucleus (ref. 16 and references the ...
XistAR write up
... to our understanding of X-inactivation via Xist thus far, these researchers found an additional novel piece of long non-coding RNA expressed from the inactivated X chromosome. They identified this lncRNA to be antisense of Xist, and that its expression is required for proper Xist functioning. Here, ...
... to our understanding of X-inactivation via Xist thus far, these researchers found an additional novel piece of long non-coding RNA expressed from the inactivated X chromosome. They identified this lncRNA to be antisense of Xist, and that its expression is required for proper Xist functioning. Here, ...
presentation (spanish ppt format, 3.3 MB)
... outside the anticodon. First anticodon base sometimes modified to inosine or ). ...
... outside the anticodon. First anticodon base sometimes modified to inosine or ). ...
Foundations of Biology - Geoscience Research Institute
... Some gene products are needed by all cells all the time. These constitutive genes are expressed by all cells. Other genes are only needed by certain cells or at specific times, expression of these inducible genes is tightly controlled in most cells. For example, pancreatic b cells make insulin by ex ...
... Some gene products are needed by all cells all the time. These constitutive genes are expressed by all cells. Other genes are only needed by certain cells or at specific times, expression of these inducible genes is tightly controlled in most cells. For example, pancreatic b cells make insulin by ex ...
RNA Isolation and Technology Applications
... • Multiple types and roles • Often permanently modified via splicing • Usually single-stranded • Intermolecular binding ...
... • Multiple types and roles • Often permanently modified via splicing • Usually single-stranded • Intermolecular binding ...
Transcription
... Some gene products are needed by all cells all the time. These constitutive genes are expressed by all cells. Other genes are only needed by certain cells or at specific times, expression of these inducible genes is tightly controlled in most cells. For example, pancreatic b cells make insulin by ex ...
... Some gene products are needed by all cells all the time. These constitutive genes are expressed by all cells. Other genes are only needed by certain cells or at specific times, expression of these inducible genes is tightly controlled in most cells. For example, pancreatic b cells make insulin by ex ...
Differential expression of six genes in fat
... A-FABP was found to be upregulated in a selected highfat line of Duroc pigs when compared to the low-fat Duroc group (Canovas et al., 2010). Differential A-FABP expression was also detected between Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs, where highest levels were measured in Berkshire, a breed well known for ...
... A-FABP was found to be upregulated in a selected highfat line of Duroc pigs when compared to the low-fat Duroc group (Canovas et al., 2010). Differential A-FABP expression was also detected between Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs, where highest levels were measured in Berkshire, a breed well known for ...
RNA Polymerase - California Lutheran University
... • Single primary transcript can be spliced into different mRNAs by the inclusion of different sets of exons • 15% of known human genetic disorders are due to altered splicing • 35 to 59% of human genes exhibit some form of ...
... • Single primary transcript can be spliced into different mRNAs by the inclusion of different sets of exons • 15% of known human genetic disorders are due to altered splicing • 35 to 59% of human genes exhibit some form of ...
Insert Overview of Translation here 2 pages.
... Generic abbreviation is EF for prokaryotic factors. These are proteins that associate with ribosomes cyclically, during the addition of each amino acid to the polypeptide chain. These are proteins that associate with the small subunit of the ribosome specifically at the stage of translation initiati ...
... Generic abbreviation is EF for prokaryotic factors. These are proteins that associate with ribosomes cyclically, during the addition of each amino acid to the polypeptide chain. These are proteins that associate with the small subunit of the ribosome specifically at the stage of translation initiati ...
Transcription and Translation
... Genes direct the production of proteins that determine the phenotypical characteristics of organisms. Genes also direct the production of other physiologically essential proteins such as antibodies and hormones. Proteins drive cellular processes such as metabolism; determining physical characteristi ...
... Genes direct the production of proteins that determine the phenotypical characteristics of organisms. Genes also direct the production of other physiologically essential proteins such as antibodies and hormones. Proteins drive cellular processes such as metabolism; determining physical characteristi ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
... The intron that can catalyze self-splicing belongs to the group I intron. Group I intron catalyzes self-splicing with the help of cofactor guanosine or guanosine phosphate ...
... The intron that can catalyze self-splicing belongs to the group I intron. Group I intron catalyzes self-splicing with the help of cofactor guanosine or guanosine phosphate ...
video slide - Independent School District 196
... subunit 1 A small ribosomal subunit binds to a molecule of mRNA. In a prokaryotic cell, the mRNA binding site on this subunit recognizes a specific nucleotide sequence on the mRNA just upstream of the start codon. An initiator tRNA, with the anticodon UAC, base-pairs with the start codon, AUG. This ...
... subunit 1 A small ribosomal subunit binds to a molecule of mRNA. In a prokaryotic cell, the mRNA binding site on this subunit recognizes a specific nucleotide sequence on the mRNA just upstream of the start codon. An initiator tRNA, with the anticodon UAC, base-pairs with the start codon, AUG. This ...
Document
... Eukaryotic Regulation • Controlling the expression of eukaryotic genes requires transcription factors. – general transcription factors are required for transcription initiation • required for proper binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA – specific transcription factors increase transcription in cert ...
... Eukaryotic Regulation • Controlling the expression of eukaryotic genes requires transcription factors. – general transcription factors are required for transcription initiation • required for proper binding of RNA polymerase to the DNA – specific transcription factors increase transcription in cert ...
PowerPoint 프레젠테이션
... cell using routine DNA transfection reagents, such as Lipofectamine. 3.Stable cell line can be established: vector based siRNA allows you to obtain a stable cell line, and observe long-term effects of RNAi. 4.Inducible system can be established: vector based siRNA allows you to establish an inducibl ...
... cell using routine DNA transfection reagents, such as Lipofectamine. 3.Stable cell line can be established: vector based siRNA allows you to obtain a stable cell line, and observe long-term effects of RNAi. 4.Inducible system can be established: vector based siRNA allows you to establish an inducibl ...
Functions of mammalian microRNA in innate immunity to microbial
... in turn may give an activating signal or kill macrophages, if infected or extensively stressed. A number of different macrophage chemokines recruits other types of innate immune cells such as neutrophils, which ...
... in turn may give an activating signal or kill macrophages, if infected or extensively stressed. A number of different macrophage chemokines recruits other types of innate immune cells such as neutrophils, which ...
Creating conditional dual fluorescence labelled transgenic animals
... (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) have been shown to be involved in gene regulation at post-transcriptional and translational levels. For example, microRNAs, about 22 nucleotide long, are among the largest known classes of non-coding RNAs involved in gene silencing with more than 1,000 predic ...
... (miRNA) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) have been shown to be involved in gene regulation at post-transcriptional and translational levels. For example, microRNAs, about 22 nucleotide long, are among the largest known classes of non-coding RNAs involved in gene silencing with more than 1,000 predic ...
Long Noncoding RNA as a Regulator for Transcription
... (Dieci et al. 2007; Liu et al. 1995; Nguyen et al. 2001). Although the prevailing analyses of RNA polymerase II indicate that its major function is the precise initiation and elongation of protein-coding genes, early studies showed that RNA polymerase II possesses the ability to catalyze randomly in ...
... (Dieci et al. 2007; Liu et al. 1995; Nguyen et al. 2001). Although the prevailing analyses of RNA polymerase II indicate that its major function is the precise initiation and elongation of protein-coding genes, early studies showed that RNA polymerase II possesses the ability to catalyze randomly in ...
- SciTech Connect
... retained in the somatic macronuleus.25,35 Instead of marking specific sequences for elimination in the macronucleus, sequences are marked for retention. In Oxytricha, 27nt RNAs of the piRNA class are generated in the somatic macronucleus from long piRNA precursor transcripts.36 These piRNAs are boun ...
... retained in the somatic macronuleus.25,35 Instead of marking specific sequences for elimination in the macronucleus, sequences are marked for retention. In Oxytricha, 27nt RNAs of the piRNA class are generated in the somatic macronucleus from long piRNA precursor transcripts.36 These piRNAs are boun ...
Whole-genome expression analysis of snf swi mutants of
... The factors that determine the dependence of a gene on Snf兾Swi are not understood. Several studies have indicated that Snf兾Swi may be targeted to particular promoters by physical interactions with specific transcriptional activators or repressors (11–18). However, it seems likely that such interacti ...
... The factors that determine the dependence of a gene on Snf兾Swi are not understood. Several studies have indicated that Snf兾Swi may be targeted to particular promoters by physical interactions with specific transcriptional activators or repressors (11–18). However, it seems likely that such interacti ...
Protocol
... The following protocol is an example for quantifying RNA with StrandBrite™ Green. Allow the StrandBrite™ Green to warm to room temperature before opening the vial. Note 1: Always use clean disposable gloves while handling all materials to prevent RNase contamination. Note 2: No data are available ad ...
... The following protocol is an example for quantifying RNA with StrandBrite™ Green. Allow the StrandBrite™ Green to warm to room temperature before opening the vial. Note 1: Always use clean disposable gloves while handling all materials to prevent RNase contamination. Note 2: No data are available ad ...
MicroRNA
A micro RNA (abbreviated miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA molecule (containing about 22 nucleotides) found in plants, animals, and some viruses, which functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.Encoded by eukaryotic nuclear DNA in plants and animals and by viral DNA in certain viruses whose genome is based on DNA, miRNAs function via base-pairing with complementary sequences within mRNA molecules. As a result, these mRNA molecules are silenced by one or more of the following processes: 1) cleavage of the mRNA strand into two pieces, 2) destabilization of the mRNA through shortening of its poly(A) tail, and 3) less efficient translation of the mRNA into proteins by ribosomes. miRNAs resemble the small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, except miRNAs derive from regions of RNA transcripts that fold back on themselves to form short hairpins, whereas siRNAs derive from longer regions of double-stranded RNA. The human genome may encode over 1000 miRNAs, which are abundant in many mammalian cell types and appear to target about 60% of the genes of humans and other mammals.miRNAs are well conserved in both plants and animals, and are thought to be a vital and evolutionarily ancient component of genetic regulation. While core components of the microRNA pathway are conserved between plants and animals, miRNA repertoires in the two kingdoms appear to have emerged independently with different primary modes of action. Plant miRNAs usually have near-perfect pairing with their mRNA targets, which induces gene repression through cleavage of the target transcripts. In contrast, animal miRNAs are able to recognize their target mRNAs by using as little as 6–8 nucleotides (the seed region) at the 5' end of the miRNA, which is not enough pairing to induce cleavage of the target mRNAs. Combinatorial regulation is a feature of miRNA regulation in animals. A given miRNA may have hundreds of different mRNA targets, and a given target might be regulated by multiple miRNAs.The first miRNA was discovered in the early 1990s. However, miRNAs were not recognized as a distinct class of biological regulators until the early 2000s. Since then, miRNA research has revealed different sets of miRNAs expressed in different cell types and tissuesand has revealed multiple roles for miRNAs in plant and animal development and in many other biological processes. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been implicated in numerous disease states, and miRNA-based therapies are under investigation.Estimates of the average number of unique messenger RNAs that are targets for repression by a typical microRNA vary, depending on the method used to make the estimate, but several approaches show that mammalian miRNAs can have many unique targets. For example, an analysis of the miRNAs highly conserved in vertebrate animals shows that each of these miRNAs has, on average, roughly 400 conserved targets. Likewise, experiments show that a single miRNA can reduce the stability of hundreds of unique messenger RNAs, and other experiments show that a single miRNA may repress the production of hundreds of proteins, but that this repression often is relatively mild (less than 2-fold).