Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous in Transgenic Mice
... PRV expresses a single IE protein (IE180), with a molecular weight of 180 kDa, for continuous transcription of late genes and shutting off the synthesis of its own RNA.12–14 In addition, IE180 is known to be a strong transactivator of several promoters, including other viral and cellular genes,12,14 ...
... PRV expresses a single IE protein (IE180), with a molecular weight of 180 kDa, for continuous transcription of late genes and shutting off the synthesis of its own RNA.12–14 In addition, IE180 is known to be a strong transactivator of several promoters, including other viral and cellular genes,12,14 ...
CSE 181 Project guidelines
... • However, there are 20 amino acids, so at least 3 bases codes for one amino acid, since 42 = 16 and 43 = 64 • This triplet of bases is called a “codon” • 64 different codons and only 20 amino acids means that the coding is degenerate: more than one codon sequence code for the same amino acid ...
... • However, there are 20 amino acids, so at least 3 bases codes for one amino acid, since 42 = 16 and 43 = 64 • This triplet of bases is called a “codon” • 64 different codons and only 20 amino acids means that the coding is degenerate: more than one codon sequence code for the same amino acid ...
Regulation of DNA Polymerase Exonucleolytic Proofreading Activity
... DXXS411L 412YPSII417, that forms part of the polymerase active center. Another mutation that encodes a Cys substitution for Arg335 was also identified by this selection strategy (Reha-Krantz and Wong 1996). Thus two regions of the DNA polymerase have been identified in which single amino acid substi ...
... DXXS411L 412YPSII417, that forms part of the polymerase active center. Another mutation that encodes a Cys substitution for Arg335 was also identified by this selection strategy (Reha-Krantz and Wong 1996). Thus two regions of the DNA polymerase have been identified in which single amino acid substi ...
Coupling of zygotic transcription to mitotic control at the Drosophila
... degradation are coupled through the transcription of specific microRNAs that promote maternal RNA deadenylation and clearance (Giraldez et al., 2006). A similar role for zygotically expressed miRNAs has been postulated for maternal RNA degradation during Drosophila MBT (Bushati et al., 2008). Howeve ...
... degradation are coupled through the transcription of specific microRNAs that promote maternal RNA deadenylation and clearance (Giraldez et al., 2006). A similar role for zygotically expressed miRNAs has been postulated for maternal RNA degradation during Drosophila MBT (Bushati et al., 2008). Howeve ...
- Lab Fabiana Perocchi
... Figure 1 Measuring allelic expression on a tiling array. (A) The array contains 25-mer probes (black and blue) that tile both strands of the genome of S288c with a probe offset of 8 bp and a 4-bp shift between the two strands. The array also contains probes (red) complementary to the YJM789 sequence ...
... Figure 1 Measuring allelic expression on a tiling array. (A) The array contains 25-mer probes (black and blue) that tile both strands of the genome of S288c with a probe offset of 8 bp and a 4-bp shift between the two strands. The array also contains probes (red) complementary to the YJM789 sequence ...
Experimental procedures (detailed)
... sequence similarities between ESTs of Plumbago zeylanica sperm cells and those of other gamete-related cells or organs, local tBLASTx searches were performed with a cut-off value of 1.0×e-10. ...
... sequence similarities between ESTs of Plumbago zeylanica sperm cells and those of other gamete-related cells or organs, local tBLASTx searches were performed with a cut-off value of 1.0×e-10. ...
Caenibacterium thermophilum is a later synonym of Schlegelella
... polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as storage compounds for carbon and energy under unbalanced growth conditions (Schlegel et al., 1961; Anderson & Dawes, 1990). The most abundant type of PHA is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), which was described in 1926 (Lemoigne, 1926); now, more than 140 different PHA constit ...
... polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as storage compounds for carbon and energy under unbalanced growth conditions (Schlegel et al., 1961; Anderson & Dawes, 1990). The most abundant type of PHA is poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), which was described in 1926 (Lemoigne, 1926); now, more than 140 different PHA constit ...
... sensitivity to UV-C, continuous light, H2O2 and ionising radiation and exhibits early senescence and reduced seed yield. Expressed in all tissues examined Identification of mutant: Jiang et al. (1997), Hefner et al. (2003). Gene isolation: Hefner et al. At3g05210 (UVR7/AtERCC1) (2003). Mutants are s ...
Non-Mendelian inheritance
... Mitochondria and chloroplasts occur outside the nucleus, in the cytoplasm of the cell. ...
... Mitochondria and chloroplasts occur outside the nucleus, in the cytoplasm of the cell. ...
Transposition - Pennsylvania State University
... • Mammalian LINE repeats ( long interspersed repetitive elements, L1s) • Similar elements are found even in fungi • Mammalian SINE repeats (short interspersed repetitive elements, e.g. human Alu repeats) • Drosophila jockey repeats • Processed genes (have lost their introns). Many are pseudogenes. ...
... • Mammalian LINE repeats ( long interspersed repetitive elements, L1s) • Similar elements are found even in fungi • Mammalian SINE repeats (short interspersed repetitive elements, e.g. human Alu repeats) • Drosophila jockey repeats • Processed genes (have lost their introns). Many are pseudogenes. ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... TMV at 48 hours post inoculation (hpi) using RNA extraction reagent kit according to the manufacturer’s protocols (Tiangen Biotech, Beijing). The concentration and quality of extracted RNA were evaluated by 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis and Nanodrop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo, USA), respectiv ...
... TMV at 48 hours post inoculation (hpi) using RNA extraction reagent kit according to the manufacturer’s protocols (Tiangen Biotech, Beijing). The concentration and quality of extracted RNA were evaluated by 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis and Nanodrop 2000 spectrophotometer (Thermo, USA), respectiv ...
Results - Hal Cirad
... genetic and evolutionary consequences of genome duplication have been recently reviewed (Comai, 2005). In particular for allotetrapolyploids, it is expected that most genes are present in two homoeologous forms, highly similar but non-identical. The gene redundancy may lead to gene silencing or to t ...
... genetic and evolutionary consequences of genome duplication have been recently reviewed (Comai, 2005). In particular for allotetrapolyploids, it is expected that most genes are present in two homoeologous forms, highly similar but non-identical. The gene redundancy may lead to gene silencing or to t ...
Chromosome Structure
... chromosome together with ribosomes and proteins associated with gene expression is located in a region of the cell cytoplasm known as the Nucleoid. The genomes of prokaryotes are compact compared with those of eukaryotes, as they lack introns, and the genes tend to be expressed in groups known as Op ...
... chromosome together with ribosomes and proteins associated with gene expression is located in a region of the cell cytoplasm known as the Nucleoid. The genomes of prokaryotes are compact compared with those of eukaryotes, as they lack introns, and the genes tend to be expressed in groups known as Op ...
Gene Section FSTL3 (follistatin-like 3 (secreted glycoprotein)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... stimulated by TGF beta and activin A via Smad proteins (Bartholin et al., 2001; Bartholin et al., 2002), which seems to be part of a negative feedback loop as FSTL3 can antagonize activin A (see below). In a different study it was found that GDF9 - another TGF beta superfamily cytokine - can suppres ...
... stimulated by TGF beta and activin A via Smad proteins (Bartholin et al., 2001; Bartholin et al., 2002), which seems to be part of a negative feedback loop as FSTL3 can antagonize activin A (see below). In a different study it was found that GDF9 - another TGF beta superfamily cytokine - can suppres ...
Text S13.
... Due to the substantial per-codon variability of ribosomal densities, we pooled different codons together to estimate the effect size of each factor concerned. These analyses were first conducted within each gene to avoid estimating translation initiation rates. The median or mean value among all gen ...
... Due to the substantial per-codon variability of ribosomal densities, we pooled different codons together to estimate the effect size of each factor concerned. These analyses were first conducted within each gene to avoid estimating translation initiation rates. The median or mean value among all gen ...
IGH
... 9 genes encoding 3 structural, 2 envelope, and 6 regulatory proteins in addition to 3 enzymes ...
... 9 genes encoding 3 structural, 2 envelope, and 6 regulatory proteins in addition to 3 enzymes ...
Sir John B. Gurdon - Nobel Lecture: The Egg and
... which are needed for early development but which have become quiescent or repressed during cell differentiation. This possibility is discussed below under the heading of “Resistance.” Another interesting possibility is that there could be a memory of an active gene state. For example, those genes th ...
... which are needed for early development but which have become quiescent or repressed during cell differentiation. This possibility is discussed below under the heading of “Resistance.” Another interesting possibility is that there could be a memory of an active gene state. For example, those genes th ...
Developing a CRISPR/Cas9 System for Volvox Carteri
... targeted mutations. The Cas9/CRISPR system is simpler and more precise than previously developed genome editing systems. The high precision is due to the CRISPR associated (Cas) endonuclease’s ability to bind DNA via associated guide RNAs. Cas endonucleases can delete or add bases to the genome, whi ...
... targeted mutations. The Cas9/CRISPR system is simpler and more precise than previously developed genome editing systems. The high precision is due to the CRISPR associated (Cas) endonuclease’s ability to bind DNA via associated guide RNAs. Cas endonucleases can delete or add bases to the genome, whi ...
The Mammalian Mismatch Repair Pathway Removes DNA 8
... of Msh2 and Ogg1 inactivation on the steady-state DNA 8-oxoG level were additive, and DNA from msh2⫺/⫺/ ogg1⫺/⫺ MEFs contained 4-fold more 8-oxoG than wildtype MEF DNA (Figure 4A). Inactivation of ogg1 also affected the amount of 8-oxoG in DNA after H2O2 treatment. This effect was also additive with ...
... of Msh2 and Ogg1 inactivation on the steady-state DNA 8-oxoG level were additive, and DNA from msh2⫺/⫺/ ogg1⫺/⫺ MEFs contained 4-fold more 8-oxoG than wildtype MEF DNA (Figure 4A). Inactivation of ogg1 also affected the amount of 8-oxoG in DNA after H2O2 treatment. This effect was also additive with ...
Chapter 15 - HCC Learning Web
... In humans, this mosaic pattern is evident in women who are heterozygous for an X-linked mutation that prevents the development of sweat glands. A heterozygous woman will have patches of normal skin and skin patches lacking sweat ...
... In humans, this mosaic pattern is evident in women who are heterozygous for an X-linked mutation that prevents the development of sweat glands. A heterozygous woman will have patches of normal skin and skin patches lacking sweat ...
Transvection, nuclear structure, and chromatin proteins.
... For instance, the evidence for nuclear compartmentalization (for example, see Carter et al., 1991; Leonhardt et al., 1992 and references within; reviewed by Manuelidis, 1990; Jackson, 1991) and the restriction of transcripts to nuclear '~racks" (Xing and Lawrence, 1991) lend plausibility to a propos ...
... For instance, the evidence for nuclear compartmentalization (for example, see Carter et al., 1991; Leonhardt et al., 1992 and references within; reviewed by Manuelidis, 1990; Jackson, 1991) and the restriction of transcripts to nuclear '~racks" (Xing and Lawrence, 1991) lend plausibility to a propos ...
Analysis of a genomic segment of white spot syndrome virus of
... situ hybridizations were performed on sections of infected and uninfected shrimp tissue (data not shown), using the plasmids with BamHI fragments as probes, to confirm the virus origin of the inserts. The enlarged nuclei of cells of infected tissue were heavily stained, whereas sections of uninfecte ...
... situ hybridizations were performed on sections of infected and uninfected shrimp tissue (data not shown), using the plasmids with BamHI fragments as probes, to confirm the virus origin of the inserts. The enlarged nuclei of cells of infected tissue were heavily stained, whereas sections of uninfecte ...
Primary transcript
A primary transcript is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by transcription of DNA, and processed to yield various mature RNA products such as mRNAs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. The primary transcripts designated to be mRNAs are modified in preparation for translation. For example, a precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) is a type of primary transcript that becomes a messenger RNA (mRNA) after processing.There are several steps contributing to the production of primary transcripts. All these steps involve a series of interactions to initiate and complete the transcription of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotes. Certain factors play key roles in the activation and inhibition of transcription, where they regulate primary transcript production. Transcription produces primary transcripts that are further modified by several processes. These processes include the 5' cap, 3'-polyadenylation, and alternative splicing. In particular, alternative splicing directly contributes to the diversity of mRNA found in cells. The modifications of primary transcripts have been further studied in research seeking greater knowledge of the role and significance of these transcripts. Experimental studies based on molecular changes to primary transcripts the processes before and after transcription have led to greater understanding of diseases involving primary transcripts.