• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
SALSA MLPA probemix P018-F1 SHOX - MRC
SALSA MLPA probemix P018-F1 SHOX - MRC

... a probe can also cause a reduction in relative peak area, even when not located exactly on the ligation site! In addition, some probe signals are more sensitive to sample purity and small changes in experimental conditions. Therefore, deletions and duplications detected by MLPA should always be conf ...
Molecular and General Genetics.
Molecular and General Genetics.

... an increase in the proliferation of the root hairs and root system of the host plant. This e€ect is thought to result from the production of auxin-like compounds, such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), by the bacterium, because application of IAA mimics the e€ect of inoculation with the bacteria (for a ...
Warren, ST and Ashley, CT: Triplet repeat expansion mutations: The example of fragile X syndrome. Annual Review of Neuroscience 18:77-99 (1995).
Warren, ST and Ashley, CT: Triplet repeat expansion mutations: The example of fragile X syndrome. Annual Review of Neuroscience 18:77-99 (1995).

... localized this instability to a single 1.0-kb Pst I fragment, pfxa2, that was sequenced and found to contain an unusual CGG trinucleotide repeat of 43 copies. By using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and primers flanking the repeat, Kremer et al (1991a) mapped the region of instability in pfxa2 ...
Asymmetries in Retrieval of Gene Function Information
Asymmetries in Retrieval of Gene Function Information

... of the source followed by a slash followed by an accession number and can be searched with one or both components, e.g., genbank [si], AF001892 [si], genbank/AF001892 [si]. The SI field and the Entrez sequence database links are not linked. The PubMed links to these databases are created from the re ...
Introns Structure Patterns of Variation in Nucleotide Composition in
Introns Structure Patterns of Variation in Nucleotide Composition in

... similar between species (supplementary table S1, Supplementary Material online) and we decided to use these gene sets as reference. Two additional data sets were formed within each species, a first one made of the genes having any number of introns inserted within their coding regions plus a single ...
Comparative Sequence Analysis of the Genomic Segment 6 of Four
Comparative Sequence Analysis of the Genomic Segment 6 of Four

... Viruses and cells. The following rotavirus strains were studied: human rotavirus 1076 (subgroup I, serotype 2), porcine rotavirus Gotffried (subgroup II, serotype 4); equine rotavirus H-2 (subgroup non-I/II, serotype 3) and equine rotavirus FI-14 (both subgroup I and II, serotype 3). These viruses w ...
Practical Aspects of Estimating Energy Components in
Practical Aspects of Estimating Energy Components in

... Data suggest that serum amyloid protein A (SAA1) level in gestational diabetes is predictive of subclinical atherosclerosis in these women; SAA1 levels correlate with risk factors and may serve as biomarker of future atherosclerotic heart disease. ...
DOCX format - 76 KB - Office of the Gene Technology Regulator
DOCX format - 76 KB - Office of the Gene Technology Regulator

... purpose, then the licence holder must collect the information and provide it to the Regulator at a time and in the manner requested by the Regulator. Note: The Regulator may invite the licence holder to make a submission on the reasonability of a request by the Regulator to collect and provide infor ...
The disease characteristics of different strains of scrapie in Sinc
The disease characteristics of different strains of scrapie in Sinc

Primary amenorrhea
Primary amenorrhea

... A prompt confirmation of the diagnosis is mandatory. When necessary, estrogen replacement treatment should be ...
Pleiotropic effects of the mouse lethal yellow (Ay) mutation
Pleiotropic effects of the mouse lethal yellow (Ay) mutation

... library was constructed from a mouse fibroblast cell line, C127, derived from the RIII mouse strain. The RIII strain carries the A allele, which is consistent with our observation that, in regions of overlap, the P1 clones that we obtained are identical to genomic clones derived from DNA of mice tha ...
SPT4, a gene important for tr
SPT4, a gene important for tr

... Gaber), yielding pJF101. The URA3 gene was inserted at the unique XhoI site in the remaining portion of the Tn5, resulting in pJF104. The EcoRI fragment containing spt4A 1 : : URA3 was purified and used to transform strain FY120 to Ura + (Rothstein 1983), creating strain FY243. Southern hybridizatio ...
Practice final key
Practice final key

... A benign ovarian teratoma is a mass of differentiated tissues which occasionally develops in the ovary without fertilization. Such a teratoma develops in a patient who is heterozygous Aa for a locus closely linked to the centromere of a chromosome and heterozygous Bb for another locus weakly linked ...


... of the drug (Speer et al., 1991). All these mechanisms are based on the acquisition of one or several tetracycline resistance determinants, which are widely distributed among bacterial genera (Schnappinger and Hillen, 1996). Additionally, mutations in the rRNA, multidrug transporter systems or perme ...
The Role of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in
The Role of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in

... the liver. ChREBP target genes are involved in glycolysis (Glut2, liver pyruvate kinase), fructolysis (Glut5, ketohexokinase), and lipogenesis (acetyl CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase). ChREBP gene deletion protects against high sucrose diet-induced and leptin-deficient obesity, because Chrebp−/ ...
A E M , Feb. 2004, p. 999–1007
A E M , Feb. 2004, p. 999–1007

... encoding amino acid 87 of the FabH protein sequence, and the resulting plasmids were cotransformed with either the pAPAC plasmid, which harbors the Aeromonas caviae PHA synthase gene (phaC), or the pPPAC plasmid, which harbors the Pseudomonas sp. strain 61-3 PHA synthase gene (phaC1), and the abilit ...
From DNA to diversity: molecular genetics and the evolution of
From DNA to diversity: molecular genetics and the evolution of

... Animals diverge from common ancestors through changes in their DNA. The major question, then, is, Which changes in DNA account for morphological diversity? The answer to this question has eluded us for the half-century since the Modern Synthesis was proposed and the structure of DNA was discovered. ...
Intellectual property rights and innovation: Evidence from
Intellectual property rights and innovation: Evidence from

... Celera’s IP on subsequent scientific research and product development outcomes. The first research design tests whether genes that ever had Celera’s IP differ in subsequent innovation, as of 2009, from genes initially sequenced by the public effort. Any observed differences in this cross-section spe ...
The pleiotropic structure of the genotype–phenotype
The pleiotropic structure of the genotype–phenotype

... rather than by removing or creating an entire gene. Mutational pleiotropy tends to be smaller than gene plei‑ otropy (for examples, see REF. 25). nevertheless, one can argue that the pleiotropy of knockout genotypes gives an upper limit of mutational pleiotropy, as it is plausible that a complete lo ...
A role for wingless in the segmental gradient of Drosophila?
A role for wingless in the segmental gradient of Drosophila?

... segment are oriented towards a central mirror plane. The mirror plane runs through the middle of the belt, irrespective of the belt size (compare, for example, T1 with T2 in Fig. 2C). Furthermore, each belt is symmetrical with respect to the stripes of engrailed expression (Fig. 4B). This is particu ...
Identification, evolution, and spread of bacterial virulence
Identification, evolution, and spread of bacterial virulence

... molecular biology and genetic modification of microorganisms. In the beginning of molecular microbiology, genes were identified that coded for virulence factors of known reputation. These virulence genes were then used as probes to look for analogies in other organisms. In a later phase the quest wa ...
Gene List for Cucurbita species
Gene List for Cucurbita species

... functional homology with sequenced genes from other species. In addition, genes which code for a known protein such as an enzyme can be isolated by working backwards from the protein. Many of the genes sequenced in Cucurbita at present have been sequenced this way. Map-based cloning is the most effe ...
The semi-phosphorylative Entner–Doudoroff pathway in
The semi-phosphorylative Entner–Doudoroff pathway in

... 103 M−1 · cm−1 ) [29,30]. Galactonate (10 mM) was prepared from galactonate γ -lactone by incubation in 1 M NaOH for 1 h (4 M stock solution) and subsequent dilution in 50 mM Hepes/KOH (pH 7.0, 70 ◦C) as described in [31]. The activity of the T. tenax and S. solfataricus KDG kinases was determined a ...
Tutorial - Chemistry
Tutorial - Chemistry

... Now we have Gene Ontology descriptions for our genes, we might want to find out what other ontology descriptions we can find From the service set you have just imported, add the service ‘getontologyname’ to a new workflow This service does not require any inputs, so just create an output port called ...
Perspectives in Diabetes Glucokinase Gene Structure
Perspectives in Diabetes Glucokinase Gene Structure

... insulin-producing cells. To clarify future discussion of these 5'-end). different glucokinase isoforms, herein, the liver glucokinase It is not known whether these three glucokinase isoforms isoform will be referred to as glucokinase L1, and the two have the same or different enzymatic properties. A ...
< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ... 392 >

Gene nomenclature

Gene nomenclature is the scientific naming of genes, the units of heredity in living organisms. An international committee published recommendations for genetic symbols and nomenclature in 1957. The need to develop formal guidelines for human gene names and symbols was recognized in the 1960s and full guidelines were issued in 1979 (Edinburgh Human Genome Meeting). Several other species-specific research communities (e.g., Drosophila, mouse) have adopted nomenclature standards, as well, and have published them on the relevant model organism websites and in scientific journals, including the Trends in Genetics Genetic Nomenclature Guide. Scientists familiar with a particular gene family may work together to revise the nomenclature for the entire set of genes when new information becomes available. For many genes and their corresponding proteins, an assortment of alternate names is in use across the scientific literature and public biological databases, posing a challenge to effective organization and exchange of biological information. Standardization of nomenclature thus tries to achieve the benefits of vocabulary control and bibliographic control, although adherence is voluntary. The advent of the information age has brought gene ontology, which in some ways is a next step of gene nomenclature, because it aims to unify the representation of gene and gene product attributes across all species.Gene nomenclature and protein nomenclature are not separate endeavors; they are aspects of the same whole. Any name or symbol used for a protein can potentially also be used for the gene that encodes it, and vice versa. But owing to the nature of how science has developed (with knowledge being uncovered bit by bit over decades), proteins and their corresponding genes have not always been discovered simultaneously (and not always physiologically understood when discovered), which is the largest reason why protein and gene names do not always match, or why scientists tend to favor one symbol or name for the protein and another for the gene. Another reason is that many of the mechanisms of life are the same or very similar across species, genera, orders, and phyla, so that a given protein may be produced in many kinds of organisms; and thus scientists naturally often use the same symbol and name for a given protein in one species (for example, mice) as in another species (for example, humans). Regarding the first duality (same symbol and name for gene or protein), the context usually makes the sense clear to scientific readers, and the nomenclatural systems also provide for some specificity by using italic for a symbol when the gene is meant and plain (roman) for when the protein is meant. Regarding the second duality (a given protein is endogenous in many kinds of organisms), the nomenclatural systems also provide for at least human-versus-nonhuman specificity by using different capitalization, although scientists often ignore this distinction, given that it is often biologically irrelevant.Also owing to the nature of how scientific knowledge has unfolded, proteins and their corresponding genes often have several names and symbols that are synonymous. Some of the earlier ones may be deprecated in favor of newer ones, although such deprecation is voluntary. Some older names and symbols live on simply because they have been widely used in the scientific literature (including before the newer ones were coined) and are well established among users.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report