Islam Test Study Guide
... 1.) Between what two (2) bodies of water does the Arabian Peninsula lie? 2.) What is the geography of the Arabian Peninsula? 3.) Who were the Bedouins? 4.) What was the Kaaba to the early Arabs? 5.) Who was Muhammad? 6.) Toward what city do Muslims face when praying? 7.) What is the year that marks ...
... 1.) Between what two (2) bodies of water does the Arabian Peninsula lie? 2.) What is the geography of the Arabian Peninsula? 3.) Who were the Bedouins? 4.) What was the Kaaba to the early Arabs? 5.) Who was Muhammad? 6.) Toward what city do Muslims face when praying? 7.) What is the year that marks ...
Muslim Civilizations 10.2-10.3
... • Although slavery was common, Islamic law taught that freeing slaves was a charitable act- so even slaves had a chance to advance • Between 750 and 1350, merchants built a vast trading network across Muslim lands and beyond • Extensive trade and a thriving money economy led Muslims to pioneer new b ...
... • Although slavery was common, Islamic law taught that freeing slaves was a charitable act- so even slaves had a chance to advance • Between 750 and 1350, merchants built a vast trading network across Muslim lands and beyond • Extensive trade and a thriving money economy led Muslims to pioneer new b ...
Unit #7 Review Sheet on Islam and Africa
... Review Sheet for Test on Islam and Africa Terms and Concepts for Islam and Africa: Allah Hajj Kaaba Abu Bakr Shiite Muslims Ummayad Dynasty Jihad Bantu Migrations Ghana ...
... Review Sheet for Test on Islam and Africa Terms and Concepts for Islam and Africa: Allah Hajj Kaaba Abu Bakr Shiite Muslims Ummayad Dynasty Jihad Bantu Migrations Ghana ...
What is a caliphate?
... “succession”, caliphate describes Islamic state ruled by single political and religious leader, or caliph Caliphs are regarded by their followers as successors to Prophet Muhammad and sovereign over all Muslims First caliphate led by four immediate successors to Muhammad. Known as Rashidun, or “righ ...
... “succession”, caliphate describes Islamic state ruled by single political and religious leader, or caliph Caliphs are regarded by their followers as successors to Prophet Muhammad and sovereign over all Muslims First caliphate led by four immediate successors to Muhammad. Known as Rashidun, or “righ ...
Africa`s Government and Religion
... • Sultan of Mogadishu was honored by Ibn Battuta visiting • He spoke in both Arabic and Swahili – Swahili – “people of the coast” • The unique culture ...
... • Sultan of Mogadishu was honored by Ibn Battuta visiting • He spoke in both Arabic and Swahili – Swahili – “people of the coast” • The unique culture ...
Islam
... Ka’ba: small cubical shrine in Mecca Umma: community of believers in Medina; developed into core of Islamic state Quran: sacred book; “Word of God” Ulama: Muslim religious scholars Shari’a: Islamic law; held that all Muslims share same morals Sunna: source of law that was the traditions of the Proph ...
... Ka’ba: small cubical shrine in Mecca Umma: community of believers in Medina; developed into core of Islamic state Quran: sacred book; “Word of God” Ulama: Muslim religious scholars Shari’a: Islamic law; held that all Muslims share same morals Sunna: source of law that was the traditions of the Proph ...
Islamic Civilization GRAPES Geography Islam religion began in
... First four caliphate had close ties to Muhammad After death of fourth caliphate, the Umayyad family gained control of the caliphate and moved the capital from Medina to Damascus – First Dynasty Expansion to N. Africa, Spain, Central and South Asia In 700’s, rebels overthrew Umayyad family and put a ...
... First four caliphate had close ties to Muhammad After death of fourth caliphate, the Umayyad family gained control of the caliphate and moved the capital from Medina to Damascus – First Dynasty Expansion to N. Africa, Spain, Central and South Asia In 700’s, rebels overthrew Umayyad family and put a ...
Chapter 11 – 2 Islamic Empires
... Struggles within Islam • Muhammad’s death = Two groups Sunnis & Shiites • Shiites believed Ali (son in law) should rule and all future caliphs should be descendants • Sunnis believe that the Umayyad caliphs were rightful leaders (two groups = separate customs) ...
... Struggles within Islam • Muhammad’s death = Two groups Sunnis & Shiites • Shiites believed Ali (son in law) should rule and all future caliphs should be descendants • Sunnis believe that the Umayyad caliphs were rightful leaders (two groups = separate customs) ...
Chapter 6
... Arab Empire and Its Successors • After Muhammad’s death, some of Muhammad’s closest followers chose Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s father-in-law as the new leader. • He was named the first caliph, or successor to Muhammad. ...
... Arab Empire and Its Successors • After Muhammad’s death, some of Muhammad’s closest followers chose Abu Bakr, Muhammad’s father-in-law as the new leader. • He was named the first caliph, or successor to Muhammad. ...
5 2 Islam Expansion .pptx
... • How do you think the Muslims felt at this point in time? Discuss with your group. ...
... • How do you think the Muslims felt at this point in time? Discuss with your group. ...
The Rise of Islam 600-1200 - Sonoma Valley High School
... – Became involved in the caravan trade The Last Prophet – In 610CE received revelations (1 God = Allah) – Submission = Salvation – 622 fled to Medina / Formed a single community of believers (umma) The Succession of the Caliph – Abu Bakr (Father-in-law) • Goals = Standardization: 5 Pillars & Creatio ...
... – Became involved in the caravan trade The Last Prophet – In 610CE received revelations (1 God = Allah) – Submission = Salvation – 622 fled to Medina / Formed a single community of believers (umma) The Succession of the Caliph – Abu Bakr (Father-in-law) • Goals = Standardization: 5 Pillars & Creatio ...
Why did the Kingdoms of Western Africa flourish?
... 3. What religion did people practice in Ghana? How did it spread to western Africa? • Islam • Spread by the way of the transSaharan trade routes • Ibn Battuta was a traveler and historian from Morocco who traveled to every country in the Muslim world over 27 years, encouraging people to be more dev ...
... 3. What religion did people practice in Ghana? How did it spread to western Africa? • Islam • Spread by the way of the transSaharan trade routes • Ibn Battuta was a traveler and historian from Morocco who traveled to every country in the Muslim world over 27 years, encouraging people to be more dev ...
Chapter 10: The Muslim World 600-1250
... • Allah – The One God according to Islam beliefs • Muhammad – Born into a powerful Meccan family, orphaned at 6, little schooling, Greatest Prophet according to Islamic Beliefs • Muslim – The one who has submitted • Islam – Submission to the will of Allah ...
... • Allah – The One God according to Islam beliefs • Muhammad – Born into a powerful Meccan family, orphaned at 6, little schooling, Greatest Prophet according to Islamic Beliefs • Muslim – The one who has submitted • Islam – Submission to the will of Allah ...
The Rise of Islam 600-1200 - Sonoma Valley High School
... – Arab Empire (not a Muslim Empire), ruled from Damascus, Syria – Umayyad Overthrown 750 w/ help of Shi’ites – Abbasid Caliphate 750-1258 (family of Abbas, Muhammad’s cousin) – Cultural Center of Baghdad, Golden Age of literature & science. Non-Arab conversion in cosmopolitan centers. • Political Fr ...
... – Arab Empire (not a Muslim Empire), ruled from Damascus, Syria – Umayyad Overthrown 750 w/ help of Shi’ites – Abbasid Caliphate 750-1258 (family of Abbas, Muhammad’s cousin) – Cultural Center of Baghdad, Golden Age of literature & science. Non-Arab conversion in cosmopolitan centers. • Political Fr ...
SSWH5 The student will trace the origins and expansion of the
... THE GROWTH OF THE ISLAMIC EMPIRE Muhammad’s successors (caliphs:KAY-lihfs) helped to spread Islam through conquest The Muslims easily conquered the Byzantine and Persian Empires: defeated people could keep their religious beliefs and hold government positions, but had fewer rights and had to pay ...
... THE GROWTH OF THE ISLAMIC EMPIRE Muhammad’s successors (caliphs:KAY-lihfs) helped to spread Islam through conquest The Muslims easily conquered the Byzantine and Persian Empires: defeated people could keep their religious beliefs and hold government positions, but had fewer rights and had to pay ...
File
... the growth of the Islamic Empire. • Muhammad was born in Mecca around 570. Mecca was a trading region-many in the area worshiped multiple gods and idols • According to Muslim belief, at age 40 he heard the voice of an angel proclaiming that there is only one god-Allah • He began to preach and conver ...
... the growth of the Islamic Empire. • Muhammad was born in Mecca around 570. Mecca was a trading region-many in the area worshiped multiple gods and idols • According to Muslim belief, at age 40 he heard the voice of an angel proclaiming that there is only one god-Allah • He began to preach and conver ...
8.8 The Umayyad Dynasty
... called the Sunnis (SOOH-neez), came to accept him. But a minority of Muslims, known as the Shi’ah (SHEE-ah), or “party” of Ali, refused to do so. They believed that only people directly descended from Muhammad through his daughter Fatima and son-in-law Ali should be caliph. The schism between the Su ...
... called the Sunnis (SOOH-neez), came to accept him. But a minority of Muslims, known as the Shi’ah (SHEE-ah), or “party” of Ali, refused to do so. They believed that only people directly descended from Muhammad through his daughter Fatima and son-in-law Ali should be caliph. The schism between the Su ...
ABC Book of Islam
... The holy Jewish book that Muslims also believe came from Allah through Moses, yet it is now considered obsolete to Muslim. ...
... The holy Jewish book that Muslims also believe came from Allah through Moses, yet it is now considered obsolete to Muslim. ...
The Rise of Islam 600-1200 - Sonoma Valley High School
... • Conversion & Urbanization were correlated • Great Achievements in Medicine & Astronomy • Women= Supposed to live as Khadija & Fatima • Inherit & own prop. • Divorce & Remarry • Testify in Court • Pilgrimage ...
... • Conversion & Urbanization were correlated • Great Achievements in Medicine & Astronomy • Women= Supposed to live as Khadija & Fatima • Inherit & own prop. • Divorce & Remarry • Testify in Court • Pilgrimage ...
The Rise of Islam 600-1200 - Sonoma Valley High School
... The Rise & Fall of the Caliphate 6321258 • Period of Islamic Conquests 634-711 – Religious fanaticism, weakness of enemies, talent of Muslim leaders and camel cavalry! • Umayyad & Abbasid Caliphates 661-850 – Arab Empire (not a Muslim Empire), ruled from Damascus, Syria – Umayyad Overthrown 750 w/ ...
... The Rise & Fall of the Caliphate 6321258 • Period of Islamic Conquests 634-711 – Religious fanaticism, weakness of enemies, talent of Muslim leaders and camel cavalry! • Umayyad & Abbasid Caliphates 661-850 – Arab Empire (not a Muslim Empire), ruled from Damascus, Syria – Umayyad Overthrown 750 w/ ...
7.21 Islam 570–1100
... ● 656 Murder of Uthman, ‘Ali succeeds; first civil war in Islam ● 656 “Battle of the Camel”: ‘Ali wins ● 657 Battle of Siffin ends in draw ● 659 Arbitration between ‘Ali and Muawiyah ● 659 Kharijites (seceders) subdued by ‘Ali ● 661 Murder of ‘Ali; succession of Muawiyah begins Umayyad dynasty with ...
... ● 656 Murder of Uthman, ‘Ali succeeds; first civil war in Islam ● 656 “Battle of the Camel”: ‘Ali wins ● 657 Battle of Siffin ends in draw ● 659 Arbitration between ‘Ali and Muawiyah ● 659 Kharijites (seceders) subdued by ‘Ali ● 661 Murder of ‘Ali; succession of Muawiyah begins Umayyad dynasty with ...
Medieval Muslim Algeria
Medieval Muslim Algeria was a period of Muslim dominance in Algeria during the Middle Ages, roughly spanning the millennium from the 7th century to the 17th century. Unlike the invasions of previous religions and cultures, the coming of Islam, which was spread by Arabs, was to have pervasive and long-lasting effects on North Africa. The new faith, in its various forms, would penetrate nearly all segments of society, bringing with it armies, learned men, and fervent mystics; in large part, it would replace tribal practices and loyalties with new social norms and political idioms.Nonetheless, the Islamization and Arabization of the region were complicated and lengthy processes. Whereas nomadic Berbers were quick to convert and assist the Arab invaders, not until the 12th century under the Almohad Dynasty did the Christian and Jewish communities become totally marginalized.The first Arab military expeditions into the Maghrib, between 642 and 669, resulted in the spread of Islam. These early forays from a base in Egypt occurred under local initiative rather than under orders from the central caliphate. When the seat of the caliphate moved from Medina to Damascus, however, the Umayyads (a Muslim dynasty ruling from 661 to 750) recognized that the strategic necessity of dominating the Mediterranean dictated a concerted military effort on the North African front. In 670, therefore, an Arab army under Uqba ibn Nafi established the town of Al Qayrawan about 160 kilometers south of present-day Tunis and used it as a base for further operations.Abu al Muhajir Dinar, Uqba's successor, pushed westward into Algeria and eventually worked out a modus vivendi with Kusayla, the ruler of an extensive confederation of Christian Berbers. Kusayla, who had been based in Tilimsan (Tlemcen), became a Muslim and moved his headquarters to Takirwan, near Al Qayrawan.This harmony was short-lived, however. Arab and Berber forces controlled the region in turn until 697. By 711, Umayyad forces helped by Berber converts to Islam had conquered all of North Africa. Governors appointed by the Umayyad caliphs ruled from Al Qayrawan, capital of the new wilaya (province) of Ifriqiya, which covered Tripolitania (the western part of present-day Libya), Tunisia, and eastern Algeria.Paradoxically, the spread of Islam among the Berbers did not guarantee their support for the Arab-dominated caliphate. The ruling Arabs alienated the Berbers by taxing them heavily; treating converts as second-class Muslims; and, at worst, by enslaving them. As a result, widespread opposition took the form of open revolt in 739–40 under the banner of Kharijite Islam. The Kharijites objected to Ali, the fourth caliph, making peace with the Umayyads in 657 and left Ali's camp (khariji means ""those who leave""). The Kharijites had been fighting Umayyad rule in the East, and many Berbers were attracted by the sect's egalitarian precepts. For example, according to Kharijism, any suitable Muslim candidate could be elected caliph without regard to race, station, or descent from the Prophet Muhammad.After the revolt, Kharijites established a number of theocratic tribal kingdoms, most of which had short and troubled histories. Others, however, like Sijilmasa and Tilimsan, which straddled the principal trade routes, proved more viable and prospered. In 750 the Abbasids, who succeeded the Umayyads as Muslim rulers, moved the caliphate to Baghdad and reestablished caliphal authority in Ifriqiya, appointing Ibrahim ibn al Aghlab as governor in Al Qayrawan. Although nominally serving at the caliph's pleasure, Al Aghlab and his successors, the Aghlabids, ruled independently until 909, presiding over a court that became a center for learning and culture.Just to the west of Aghlabid lands, Abd ar Rahman ibn Rustam ruled most of the central Maghrib from Tahert, southwest of Algiers. The rulers of the Rustamid imamate, which lasted from 761 to 909, each an Ibadi Kharijite imam, were elected by leading citizens. The imams gained a reputation for honesty, piety, and justice. The court at Tahert was noted for its support of scholarship in mathematics, astronomy, and astrology, as well as theology and law. The Rustamid imams, however, failed, by choice or by neglect, to organize a reliable standing army. This important factor, accompanied by the dynasty's eventual collapse into decadence, opened the way for Tahert's demise under the assault of the Fatimids.