Red Imported Fire Ants and Their Impacts on Wildlife
... RIFA are omnivorous, feeding on both animal and plant material. However, insects appear to be their preferred food source. They will tend and guard some species of sucking insect, such as aphids, which in return provide them with a nutritious, sugary solution known as honeydew. The introduction of R ...
... RIFA are omnivorous, feeding on both animal and plant material. However, insects appear to be their preferred food source. They will tend and guard some species of sucking insect, such as aphids, which in return provide them with a nutritious, sugary solution known as honeydew. The introduction of R ...
Dow, R. 1942a. The relation between prey and sex in the cicada
... presented in these studies suggests that there is no relationship between the size of the female wasps and the size of their prey. Consequently, the sample of cicada prey brought to nests by the wasps is presumed to be representative of the population of potential prey available in the local enviro ...
... presented in these studies suggests that there is no relationship between the size of the female wasps and the size of their prey. Consequently, the sample of cicada prey brought to nests by the wasps is presumed to be representative of the population of potential prey available in the local enviro ...
Carpenter Ants - Emporia State University
... larval developmental period, the larvae pupate and emerge as minor workers, numbering some 10 to 25 individuals . Workers, which are all female, assume the functions of foraging, nest excavating, and brood rearing. In two years, a population of workers ranging in size from small minors (6 mm) to lar ...
... larval developmental period, the larvae pupate and emerge as minor workers, numbering some 10 to 25 individuals . Workers, which are all female, assume the functions of foraging, nest excavating, and brood rearing. In two years, a population of workers ranging in size from small minors (6 mm) to lar ...
A Reproductive-Resting Stage in an Harpacticoid Copepod, and the
... fall (Heinle et aI., 1977). Reduced salinity may favor population growth of C. canadensis (Lonsdale, 1981a) and reduce predator densities (Heinle et aI., 1977). Invertebrate predation by ctenophores and adult Acartia tansa may be a major factor in regulating naupliar densities during the summer (Lon ...
... fall (Heinle et aI., 1977). Reduced salinity may favor population growth of C. canadensis (Lonsdale, 1981a) and reduce predator densities (Heinle et aI., 1977). Invertebrate predation by ctenophores and adult Acartia tansa may be a major factor in regulating naupliar densities during the summer (Lon ...
The scope of the problem - Assets
... be at a selective advantage over dispersal by wind or birds. The outcomes of such interactions are probably highly asymmetrical with ants gaining shortterm benefits while the benefit for plants might be less obvious if ants eventually affect plant species composition in an ecosystem. A positive outc ...
... be at a selective advantage over dispersal by wind or birds. The outcomes of such interactions are probably highly asymmetrical with ants gaining shortterm benefits while the benefit for plants might be less obvious if ants eventually affect plant species composition in an ecosystem. A positive outc ...
The Evolution of Semelparity - Centre d`Etudes Biologique de Chizé
... 2009). Implicitly, this notion applies to species that reproduce sexually; and thus excludes vegetative reproduction where individuals cannot die from reproduction. For simplicity, I also discard social species (e.g., social ants) where the distinction between the individual’s and the colony’s life ...
... 2009). Implicitly, this notion applies to species that reproduce sexually; and thus excludes vegetative reproduction where individuals cannot die from reproduction. For simplicity, I also discard social species (e.g., social ants) where the distinction between the individual’s and the colony’s life ...
Indirect effects of phorid ¯y parasitoids on the mechanisms of
... males, to which the ants did not respond as strongly. Phorid abundances ®t the criteria of the ``medium''-pressure category for this period. To further elucidate the eect of phorid pressure on food retrieval by S. geminata, the presence of phorids was manipulated in two sets of experiments. (1) Pho ...
... males, to which the ants did not respond as strongly. Phorid abundances ®t the criteria of the ``medium''-pressure category for this period. To further elucidate the eect of phorid pressure on food retrieval by S. geminata, the presence of phorids was manipulated in two sets of experiments. (1) Pho ...
S51.2: Brood parasites: The advantages of being a different species
... Inter-specific avian brood parasites lay their eggs in nests of other species (hosts) which incubate and raise the parasitic offspring (Rothstein 1990). This reproductive strategy reduces the costs of reproduction because brood parasites receive no conspecific parental care (Payne 1974). The low cos ...
... Inter-specific avian brood parasites lay their eggs in nests of other species (hosts) which incubate and raise the parasitic offspring (Rothstein 1990). This reproductive strategy reduces the costs of reproduction because brood parasites receive no conspecific parental care (Payne 1974). The low cos ...
Competition between harvester ants and rodents in the cold desert
... (Table 4). Centers of rodent activity on the base grid shifted from the area of high antdensity to the area of low ant-density during August 1977 and 1978 (Table 4). Sex ratios of P. maniculatus during the ...
... (Table 4). Centers of rodent activity on the base grid shifted from the area of high antdensity to the area of low ant-density during August 1977 and 1978 (Table 4). Sex ratios of P. maniculatus during the ...
Tactical reproductive parasitism via larval cannibalism
... 2006). Owing to this, we are unsure if the transition to the late-season feeding evolved independently, or is a modification of reproductive parasitism that derived from a shared common ancestor (or vice versa). Prior observations and experiments demonstrated that adults recognize the presence of ta ...
... 2006). Owing to this, we are unsure if the transition to the late-season feeding evolved independently, or is a modification of reproductive parasitism that derived from a shared common ancestor (or vice versa). Prior observations and experiments demonstrated that adults recognize the presence of ta ...
THE BUZZ ABOUT Bees
... The Africanized Honey Bee is a hybrid of one of the several European Honey Bee subspecies and the African Honey Bee. The Africanized Honey Bee, more popularly known as the "killer" bee, has the general appearance of the more temperamental European Honey Bee. However, they are slightly smaller, but o ...
... The Africanized Honey Bee is a hybrid of one of the several European Honey Bee subspecies and the African Honey Bee. The Africanized Honey Bee, more popularly known as the "killer" bee, has the general appearance of the more temperamental European Honey Bee. However, they are slightly smaller, but o ...
Alarm communication: a new function for the scent
... pair of legs (Shultz 1990). These glands produce a variety of volatile secretions that are released under the threat of predation (Eisner et al. 1971, 1978; Acosta et al. 1993; Machado et al. 2000). Most harvestmen are nocturnally active, nonacoustical and nonvisual, and have a long slender second p ...
... pair of legs (Shultz 1990). These glands produce a variety of volatile secretions that are released under the threat of predation (Eisner et al. 1971, 1978; Acosta et al. 1993; Machado et al. 2000). Most harvestmen are nocturnally active, nonacoustical and nonvisual, and have a long slender second p ...
Invasion processes and causes of success.
... recruiting to a large food item tend to belong to only one nest in the neighbourhood, typically the closest. In fact, the degree to which resources are monopolized is significantly greater than would be expected, based upon the relative distances of the nests from the food resource (Weeks et al. 200 ...
... recruiting to a large food item tend to belong to only one nest in the neighbourhood, typically the closest. In fact, the degree to which resources are monopolized is significantly greater than would be expected, based upon the relative distances of the nests from the food resource (Weeks et al. 200 ...
Life History Patterns and the Comparative Social Ecology of
... HYAENIDAE The family Hyaenidae contains three species of hyenas (in two genera) and the aardwolf. Hyenas are found in Africa, the Middle East, and central and south Asia; aardwolves live in southern Africa. Hyenas are fairly large animals (8-70 kg) with particularly large heads and powerful jaw and ...
... HYAENIDAE The family Hyaenidae contains three species of hyenas (in two genera) and the aardwolf. Hyenas are found in Africa, the Middle East, and central and south Asia; aardwolves live in southern Africa. Hyenas are fairly large animals (8-70 kg) with particularly large heads and powerful jaw and ...
Speciation without Pre-Defined Fitness Functions
... times and the result of this repetition is the emergency of self-similarity [28] in the spatial distribution of individuals. Adaptation. Individuals carry a haploid genome of maximum length if 390 sites, where each site (gene) corresponds to an edge between two nodes of the FCM. However, to allow ev ...
... times and the result of this repetition is the emergency of self-similarity [28] in the spatial distribution of individuals. Adaptation. Individuals carry a haploid genome of maximum length if 390 sites, where each site (gene) corresponds to an edge between two nodes of the FCM. However, to allow ev ...
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... exposed ridgelines and other canopy gaps, and lower elevation habitats have generally been much more invasible by ants in Hawai‘i. Nevertheless, the occasional occurrence of ants in the interiors of upland forest habitats raises a question about their potential ecological effects in these areas. I t ...
... exposed ridgelines and other canopy gaps, and lower elevation habitats have generally been much more invasible by ants in Hawai‘i. Nevertheless, the occasional occurrence of ants in the interiors of upland forest habitats raises a question about their potential ecological effects in these areas. I t ...
Behavioral differences between two ant cricket species in Nansei
... ants (Sakai and Terayama, 1995; Akino et al., 1996), it was likely that there would be abundant opportunities for them to take in sugar-rich liquid as food. For these reasons, we used sugared water for the experiment. The ant larvae and the dead insect were placed on the floor of the container, and ...
... ants (Sakai and Terayama, 1995; Akino et al., 1996), it was likely that there would be abundant opportunities for them to take in sugar-rich liquid as food. For these reasons, we used sugared water for the experiment. The ant larvae and the dead insect were placed on the floor of the container, and ...
Colonial Breeding in the Barn Swallow (Hirundo Rustica) and Its
... clutch size, brood size, and number of fledglings for both first and second broods. I weighed nestlings with a 30-gram Pesola ( Ruti-Zurich, Switzerland) spring balance (& 0.25 g) 3 times per week, from the first or second day after hatching in 1970 and from the 8th or 9th day in 1971 (day of hatchi ...
... clutch size, brood size, and number of fledglings for both first and second broods. I weighed nestlings with a 30-gram Pesola ( Ruti-Zurich, Switzerland) spring balance (& 0.25 g) 3 times per week, from the first or second day after hatching in 1970 and from the 8th or 9th day in 1971 (day of hatchi ...
Privatization and Property in Biology
... preserving or investing in a resource, it must be able to reap sufficient gains from ...
... preserving or investing in a resource, it must be able to reap sufficient gains from ...
752-4740-1-SP - Oecologia Australis
... have generalist habits (Wilson 1987a, b). Competition is supposedly more intense when the resource is limited in time and space (Wiens 1989). Therefore, competition, which can be intra or interspecific (Hölldobler & Wilson 2009), can be defined as the struggle of individuals to find the best conditi ...
... have generalist habits (Wilson 1987a, b). Competition is supposedly more intense when the resource is limited in time and space (Wiens 1989). Therefore, competition, which can be intra or interspecific (Hölldobler & Wilson 2009), can be defined as the struggle of individuals to find the best conditi ...
Eusociality
Eusociality (Greek eu: ""good/real"" + ""social""), the highest level of organization of animal sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including brood care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labour into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. The division of labor creates specialized behavioral groups within an animal society which are sometimes called castes. Eusociality is distinguished from all other social systems because individuals of at least one caste usually lose the ability to perform at least one behavior characteristic of individuals in another caste.Eusociality exists in certain insects, crustaceans and possibly mammals. It is mostly observed and studied in the Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps) and in the termites. For example, a colony has caste differences; queens and reproductive males take the roles as the sole reproducers while the soldiers and workers work together to create a living situation favorable for the brood. In addition to Hymenoptera and Isoptera, there are two known eusocial vertebrates from the order Rodentia, which includes the naked mole-rat and the Damaraland mole-rat. Most of the individuals cooperatively care for the brood of a single reproductive female (the queen) to which they are most likely related. Some shrimps such as Synalpheus regalis are also eusocial.Several other levels of animal sociality have been distinguished. These include presocial (solitary but social), subsocial, and parasocial (including communal, quasisocial, and semisocial).