Wetterer et al.: Dominance by Alien Ant in Biosphere 2 381
... Cohen & Tilman 1996). In addition to atmospheric changes, many ecological changes within Biosphere 2 were noted (Broecker 1996, Cohen & Tilman 1996). The plants and animals living in Biosphere 2 at the time of initial closure came from many sources (Alling et al. 1993, Nelson et al. 1993). Planners ...
... Cohen & Tilman 1996). In addition to atmospheric changes, many ecological changes within Biosphere 2 were noted (Broecker 1996, Cohen & Tilman 1996). The plants and animals living in Biosphere 2 at the time of initial closure came from many sources (Alling et al. 1993, Nelson et al. 1993). Planners ...
Chapter 12: Family, Society, and Evolution
... As offspring mature and become more self-sufficient, the benefit:cost ratio (B:C) declines. The period of maturation between B:C values of 1.0 and 0.5 represents a period of __________. Answer: parent-offspring conflict Topic: eusociality Difficulty: easy 43. The highest "grade" of sociality in the ...
... As offspring mature and become more self-sufficient, the benefit:cost ratio (B:C) declines. The period of maturation between B:C values of 1.0 and 0.5 represents a period of __________. Answer: parent-offspring conflict Topic: eusociality Difficulty: easy 43. The highest "grade" of sociality in the ...
Evidence for ecological speciation and its alternative
... again the parasitic lampreys have evolved into nonparasitic forms...correlated with life in small streams, where a suitable food supply in the way of large fish is scarce or seasonal” (12). When correlated with environmental factors, such repetition is unlikely to result from chance; environmental s ...
... again the parasitic lampreys have evolved into nonparasitic forms...correlated with life in small streams, where a suitable food supply in the way of large fish is scarce or seasonal” (12). When correlated with environmental factors, such repetition is unlikely to result from chance; environmental s ...
Evidence for Ecological Speciation and Its Alternative
... again the parasitic lampreys have evolved into nonparasitic forms...correlated with life in small streams, where a suitable food supply in the way of large fish is scarce or seasonal” (12). When correlated with environmental factors, such repetition is unlikely to result from chance; environmental s ...
... again the parasitic lampreys have evolved into nonparasitic forms...correlated with life in small streams, where a suitable food supply in the way of large fish is scarce or seasonal” (12). When correlated with environmental factors, such repetition is unlikely to result from chance; environmental s ...
Behaviour of a social ant-like spider
... nest complexes that had formerly been sites of Crematogaster activity, and subsequently the numbers of M. melanotarsa declined rapidly. Large colonies never persisted in the field for long in the absence of Crematogaster. Individuals of Crematogaster seen in nest complexes were usually walking over ...
... nest complexes that had formerly been sites of Crematogaster activity, and subsequently the numbers of M. melanotarsa declined rapidly. Large colonies never persisted in the field for long in the absence of Crematogaster. Individuals of Crematogaster seen in nest complexes were usually walking over ...
DEFENSIVE BEHAVIOUR OF Apis cerana F. AGAINST
... reared, the nest size and colony strength increases throughout the summer, reaching a peak in autumn. It is this period (July to October) that demand for food is greatest and bee colonies are at greater risk. A num- ...
... reared, the nest size and colony strength increases throughout the summer, reaching a peak in autumn. It is this period (July to October) that demand for food is greatest and bee colonies are at greater risk. A num- ...
SR 49(3) 19-23
... ants are far more superior to advancing technology. Scientists have even studied the behaviour of ants to develop a new generation of antivirus software for computers. the first batch of workers emerges. These workers then take up the responsibility of feeding the young ones – the larvae as well as ...
... ants are far more superior to advancing technology. Scientists have even studied the behaviour of ants to develop a new generation of antivirus software for computers. the first batch of workers emerges. These workers then take up the responsibility of feeding the young ones – the larvae as well as ...
Juvenile hormone-mediated reproduction in burying
... 17 different families (Wilson, 1971; Kudô, 1994). Each family likely represents at least one independent evolution of parental care, and several contain multiple such lineages. Among species providing parental care, social groupings vary from mother and offspring to biparental care to communal breed ...
... 17 different families (Wilson, 1971; Kudô, 1994). Each family likely represents at least one independent evolution of parental care, and several contain multiple such lineages. Among species providing parental care, social groupings vary from mother and offspring to biparental care to communal breed ...
Geographic Range
... Often, mating systems may vary within species depending upon local environmental conditions. For example, when resources are low, males may mate with only a single female and provide care for the young. When resources are abundant, the mother may be able to care for young on her own and males will a ...
... Often, mating systems may vary within species depending upon local environmental conditions. For example, when resources are low, males may mate with only a single female and provide care for the young. When resources are abundant, the mother may be able to care for young on her own and males will a ...
pdf
... lid. The boxes were placed on top of two house bricks to raise them off the ground, and a further brick was placed on top to prevent them from blowing over. The nests were sited under a hedge or shrub to shade them from direct sunlight; B. terrestris usually nests in such sites (Alford 1975). Once i ...
... lid. The boxes were placed on top of two house bricks to raise them off the ground, and a further brick was placed on top to prevent them from blowing over. The nests were sited under a hedge or shrub to shade them from direct sunlight; B. terrestris usually nests in such sites (Alford 1975). Once i ...
Entomology CheatSheet1 Modified with Diagrams
... a pzthogen. Insect Sociality- In 1971, E. O. Wilson more precisely defined the maximum degree of sociality in insects as eusociality. According to his definition, eusocial insects possess 3 outstanding features; they care for their young(the young require care), there is an overlap in generations, a ...
... a pzthogen. Insect Sociality- In 1971, E. O. Wilson more precisely defined the maximum degree of sociality in insects as eusociality. According to his definition, eusocial insects possess 3 outstanding features; they care for their young(the young require care), there is an overlap in generations, a ...
... opossum species breed from energetically more active; and dorsal fur were completed one to three times per year that is, adults being more later and nest phase started at in cool habitats and throughcapable to allocate more enan older age. Finally, litter size out the year in areas with ergy for tho ...
Kin selection is the key to altruism Kevin R. Foster
... Hamilton’s rule, which predicts that altruistic action will be favoured when brOc, where c and b are the cost and benefit to actor and recipient, respectively, and r is their relatedness. Hamilton called his new and general principle of natural selection ‘inclusive fitness theory’ [1], but it is oft ...
... Hamilton’s rule, which predicts that altruistic action will be favoured when brOc, where c and b are the cost and benefit to actor and recipient, respectively, and r is their relatedness. Hamilton called his new and general principle of natural selection ‘inclusive fitness theory’ [1], but it is oft ...
The coexistence
... not been firmly demonstrated, and its existence in the genus still needs proof. A possible temporary parasitism also has been suggested for Solenopsis enigmatica from the West Indies, with parasite workers in the mixed nests, though the authors, DEYRUP & RUSAK (2008), have described the species as a ...
... not been firmly demonstrated, and its existence in the genus still needs proof. A possible temporary parasitism also has been suggested for Solenopsis enigmatica from the West Indies, with parasite workers in the mixed nests, though the authors, DEYRUP & RUSAK (2008), have described the species as a ...
Inter and Intraspecificity of Chemical Communication
... A number of terms have been created to designate the various kinds of chemical interactions between individuals. In general, chemicals that mediate interactions between organisms are called semiochemicals, from the greek word semeon=signal or mark. The semiochemicals are divided into two major group ...
... A number of terms have been created to designate the various kinds of chemical interactions between individuals. In general, chemicals that mediate interactions between organisms are called semiochemicals, from the greek word semeon=signal or mark. The semiochemicals are divided into two major group ...
Ants on the Move: Resource Limitation of a Litter
... Azteca spp., Crematogaster spp., and Pheidole christopherseni. Members of the genera Pyramica and Strumigenys constitute the “Dacetine” group; they are generally believed to be specialized predators of arthropod microfauna (Hölldobler & Wilson 1990, Dejean 1991). The two abundant genera Pheidole an ...
... Azteca spp., Crematogaster spp., and Pheidole christopherseni. Members of the genera Pyramica and Strumigenys constitute the “Dacetine” group; they are generally believed to be specialized predators of arthropod microfauna (Hölldobler & Wilson 1990, Dejean 1991). The two abundant genera Pheidole an ...
Eusociality
Eusociality (Greek eu: ""good/real"" + ""social""), the highest level of organization of animal sociality, is defined by the following characteristics: cooperative brood care (including brood care of offspring from other individuals), overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labour into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. The division of labor creates specialized behavioral groups within an animal society which are sometimes called castes. Eusociality is distinguished from all other social systems because individuals of at least one caste usually lose the ability to perform at least one behavior characteristic of individuals in another caste.Eusociality exists in certain insects, crustaceans and possibly mammals. It is mostly observed and studied in the Hymenoptera (ants, bees, and wasps) and in the termites. For example, a colony has caste differences; queens and reproductive males take the roles as the sole reproducers while the soldiers and workers work together to create a living situation favorable for the brood. In addition to Hymenoptera and Isoptera, there are two known eusocial vertebrates from the order Rodentia, which includes the naked mole-rat and the Damaraland mole-rat. Most of the individuals cooperatively care for the brood of a single reproductive female (the queen) to which they are most likely related. Some shrimps such as Synalpheus regalis are also eusocial.Several other levels of animal sociality have been distinguished. These include presocial (solitary but social), subsocial, and parasocial (including communal, quasisocial, and semisocial).