9-1 PowerPoint
... Our familiar Calorie is actually a kilocalorie (1000 calories) Generally 1 gram of carbohydrates and protein store 4 Calories, while lipids (fats) store 9 Calories. Food is not broken down into energy until it is needed to make ATP. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy form food ...
... Our familiar Calorie is actually a kilocalorie (1000 calories) Generally 1 gram of carbohydrates and protein store 4 Calories, while lipids (fats) store 9 Calories. Food is not broken down into energy until it is needed to make ATP. Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy form food ...
©2011 The Simple Homeschool – Simple Days Unit Studies
... One more interesting factoid about cellulose is that insects use a form of it to create chitin; this is a major component of the exoskeleton of arthropods. ...
... One more interesting factoid about cellulose is that insects use a form of it to create chitin; this is a major component of the exoskeleton of arthropods. ...
Preview - International Institute of Naturopathy
... The fats in our food (e.g., vegetable oils, animal fats, butter, meat fat, milk fat) also consist largely of triglycerides. However, triglycerides aren’t just ingested directly with our food; they can also be produced by the body itself – from carbohydrates (if eaten excessively) and alcohol. If a b ...
... The fats in our food (e.g., vegetable oils, animal fats, butter, meat fat, milk fat) also consist largely of triglycerides. However, triglycerides aren’t just ingested directly with our food; they can also be produced by the body itself – from carbohydrates (if eaten excessively) and alcohol. If a b ...
As a PDF file
... 1.2. Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway) In glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway), under normal conditions where sugars are not limiting and oxygen is confined, one glucose molecule is theoretically fermented to two lactic acid molecules resulting in a net gain of two molecules of ATP ...
... 1.2. Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway) In glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway), under normal conditions where sugars are not limiting and oxygen is confined, one glucose molecule is theoretically fermented to two lactic acid molecules resulting in a net gain of two molecules of ATP ...
10 Translocation in the Phloem Chapter
... tional relationship and a ready exchange of solutes between the two cells. The plasmodesmata are often complex and branched on the companion cell side. Companion cells play a role in the transport of photosynthetic products from producing cells in mature leaves to the sieve elements in the minor (sm ...
... tional relationship and a ready exchange of solutes between the two cells. The plasmodesmata are often complex and branched on the companion cell side. Companion cells play a role in the transport of photosynthetic products from producing cells in mature leaves to the sieve elements in the minor (sm ...
On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent
... 1991). Accordingly, the energy in the thioester bond can be used for many kinds of metabolic reactions. In a reaction catalysed by phosphotransacetylase (PAT), the acetyl moiety of acetyl-CoA is transferred to phosphate, producing another very energy-rich compound, the mixed anhydride acetyl phospha ...
... 1991). Accordingly, the energy in the thioester bond can be used for many kinds of metabolic reactions. In a reaction catalysed by phosphotransacetylase (PAT), the acetyl moiety of acetyl-CoA is transferred to phosphate, producing another very energy-rich compound, the mixed anhydride acetyl phospha ...
Topic 4
... Different ways to define acids/bases If you learn the acids and bases in water, it will inform you how water reacts in the reaction. We know that nitric acid is an acid in water; therefore, water must be the base and proton acceptor in the reaction. ...
... Different ways to define acids/bases If you learn the acids and bases in water, it will inform you how water reacts in the reaction. We know that nitric acid is an acid in water; therefore, water must be the base and proton acceptor in the reaction. ...
Prebiotic synthesis from CO atmospheres: Implications for the
... (14) suggested that a CO2-N2-H2O atmosphere containing tens to hundreds of ppm of CH4 might have existed. Such amounts of CH4 could have produced a small amount of HCN and also contributed to early greenhouse warming of the Earth. If the atmospheric ratio of CH4 had been 100 ppm, the production rate ...
... (14) suggested that a CO2-N2-H2O atmosphere containing tens to hundreds of ppm of CH4 might have existed. Such amounts of CH4 could have produced a small amount of HCN and also contributed to early greenhouse warming of the Earth. If the atmospheric ratio of CH4 had been 100 ppm, the production rate ...
Lab5
... in this media and bacteria must have the enzyme citrate-permease to transport it into the cell and converted into pyruvate, which will form a variety of carbon-containing products. With ammonium phosphate as the only source of nitrogen, citrate positive bacteria can convert this into ammonia and amm ...
... in this media and bacteria must have the enzyme citrate-permease to transport it into the cell and converted into pyruvate, which will form a variety of carbon-containing products. With ammonium phosphate as the only source of nitrogen, citrate positive bacteria can convert this into ammonia and amm ...
Fixation of carbon dioxide by chemoautotrophic bacteria
... with phosphate release. In their experiments the amount of orthophosphate taken up during the oxidation of sulfur in the absence of COg was quantitatively related to the amount of COg later fixed in the absence of sulfur oxidation. Baalsrud and Baalsrud (1952) confirmed the uptake of phosphate durin ...
... with phosphate release. In their experiments the amount of orthophosphate taken up during the oxidation of sulfur in the absence of COg was quantitatively related to the amount of COg later fixed in the absence of sulfur oxidation. Baalsrud and Baalsrud (1952) confirmed the uptake of phosphate durin ...
Predicted effects of mineral neutralization and bisulfate - CE-CERT
... include acid concentration but on a mass basis (8). Several include acid neutralization by minerals in biomass (9). Because the acid dissociation constant is a function of temperature, it has also been shown that the concentration of active hydrogen ion decreases with pretreatment temperature for su ...
... include acid concentration but on a mass basis (8). Several include acid neutralization by minerals in biomass (9). Because the acid dissociation constant is a function of temperature, it has also been shown that the concentration of active hydrogen ion decreases with pretreatment temperature for su ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic engineering of for production
... Although S. cerevisiae is currently not applied on an industrial scale for the production of simple organic acids, it has a number of potential advantages for such processes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae grows well under acidic conditions, even at pH values o 3. At such low pH values, many weak acids, i ...
... Although S. cerevisiae is currently not applied on an industrial scale for the production of simple organic acids, it has a number of potential advantages for such processes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae grows well under acidic conditions, even at pH values o 3. At such low pH values, many weak acids, i ...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
... [Note: All the carbons in palmitic acid have passed through malonyl CoA except the two donated by the original acetyl CoA, which are found at the methyl-group end of the fatty acid. This underscores the rate-limiting nature of the acetyl CoA carboxylase reaction.] ...
... [Note: All the carbons in palmitic acid have passed through malonyl CoA except the two donated by the original acetyl CoA, which are found at the methyl-group end of the fatty acid. This underscores the rate-limiting nature of the acetyl CoA carboxylase reaction.] ...
AP Biology Cell Unit Exam - Speedway High School
... C) passing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain D) harvesting of light energy by ATP E) receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain 61) Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true? A) Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by redu ...
... C) passing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain D) harvesting of light energy by ATP E) receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain 61) Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true? A) Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by redu ...
![ChemChapter_7sec1_and_section2[1]FORMULA](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/000546743_1-278f96ccbbfd49e292510ec017e27124-300x300.png)
ChemChapter_7sec1_and_section2[1]FORMULA
... • In compounds with fluorine, such as OF2, oxygen’s oxidation number is +2. 5. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 in all compounds containing elements that are more electronegative than it; it has an oxidation number of –1 with metals. 6. The algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms i ...
... • In compounds with fluorine, such as OF2, oxygen’s oxidation number is +2. 5. Hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1 in all compounds containing elements that are more electronegative than it; it has an oxidation number of –1 with metals. 6. The algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms i ...
Fatty and Amino acids composition of Bactrocera zonata as affected
... lower protein content than the unirradiated males. Data indicated that the normal male proteins were rich in their contents of glutamic, proline, leucine, tyrosine and arginine, the level of these amino acids were 13.43, 18.17, 11.06, 11.06 and 13.43mg/g, respectively, and extremely poor in cystine ...
... lower protein content than the unirradiated males. Data indicated that the normal male proteins were rich in their contents of glutamic, proline, leucine, tyrosine and arginine, the level of these amino acids were 13.43, 18.17, 11.06, 11.06 and 13.43mg/g, respectively, and extremely poor in cystine ...
The Distribution of apDiaminopimellc Acid among various Micro
... The present investigation was undertaken to test the validity of the suggestion made by Work (1951)that diaminopimelic acid might be confined to certain bacteria. A survey of the amino acid composition of some representative bacteria, fungi, algae and other micro-organisms was therefore carried out. ...
... The present investigation was undertaken to test the validity of the suggestion made by Work (1951)that diaminopimelic acid might be confined to certain bacteria. A survey of the amino acid composition of some representative bacteria, fungi, algae and other micro-organisms was therefore carried out. ...
FES, Active FES, Active
... Kinase Specific Activity (SA) (pmol/min/µg or nmol/min/mg) Corrected cpm from reaction / [(SA of 33P-ATP in cpm/pmol)*(Reaction time in min)*(Enzyme amount in µg or mg)]*[(Reaction Volume) / (Spot Volume)] ...
... Kinase Specific Activity (SA) (pmol/min/µg or nmol/min/mg) Corrected cpm from reaction / [(SA of 33P-ATP in cpm/pmol)*(Reaction time in min)*(Enzyme amount in µg or mg)]*[(Reaction Volume) / (Spot Volume)] ...
Phosphorylation of the F1Fo ATP Synthase Я Subunit
... Conclusions: Taken together, these data show that pseudophosphorylation of specific amino acid residues can have separate and distinctive effects on the F1Fo ATP synthase complex, suggesting the possibility that several of the phosphorylations observed in the rabbit heart can have structural and fun ...
... Conclusions: Taken together, these data show that pseudophosphorylation of specific amino acid residues can have separate and distinctive effects on the F1Fo ATP synthase complex, suggesting the possibility that several of the phosphorylations observed in the rabbit heart can have structural and fun ...
Divergent Evolution of Function in the ROK Sugar
... ABSTRACT: The D-allose and N-acetyl-D-mannosamine kinases of Escherichia coli K-12 are divergent members of the functionally diverse ROK (repressor, open reading frame, kinase) superfamily. Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that AlsK and NanK possess weak phosphoryl transfer activity ...
... ABSTRACT: The D-allose and N-acetyl-D-mannosamine kinases of Escherichia coli K-12 are divergent members of the functionally diverse ROK (repressor, open reading frame, kinase) superfamily. Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated that AlsK and NanK possess weak phosphoryl transfer activity ...
Comparison of Free Total Amino Acid Compositions and
... commercially popular for the local markets in Yunnan Province. On the other hand, Boletus bicolor (Bbi), Boletus speciosus (Bsp), Boletus sinicus (Bsi), Boletus craspedius (Bcr), Boletus griseus (Bgr), Boletus ornatipes (Bor), and Xerocomus (Xer) are very important economic species for domestic and ...
... commercially popular for the local markets in Yunnan Province. On the other hand, Boletus bicolor (Bbi), Boletus speciosus (Bsp), Boletus sinicus (Bsi), Boletus craspedius (Bcr), Boletus griseus (Bgr), Boletus ornatipes (Bor), and Xerocomus (Xer) are very important economic species for domestic and ...
Metabolism: Energy, Enzymes, and Regulation
... chemolithoautotrophy. Clearly the flow of carbon and energy in the ecosystem is intimately related. Cells must efficiently transfer energy from their energygenerating or trapping apparatus to the systems actually carrying out work. That is, cells must have a practical form of energy currency. In liv ...
... chemolithoautotrophy. Clearly the flow of carbon and energy in the ecosystem is intimately related. Cells must efficiently transfer energy from their energygenerating or trapping apparatus to the systems actually carrying out work. That is, cells must have a practical form of energy currency. In liv ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.