CH 9 Study Guide
... A. What powers this reaction? Sunlight B. What is happening in the light reaction? (What was made?) Energized Electrons C. Where does it occur? Thylakoid D. What is the byproduct? Oxygen E. Where do we cash in these electrons? Electron Transport Chain And who carries the energy for them to the next ...
... A. What powers this reaction? Sunlight B. What is happening in the light reaction? (What was made?) Energized Electrons C. Where does it occur? Thylakoid D. What is the byproduct? Oxygen E. Where do we cash in these electrons? Electron Transport Chain And who carries the energy for them to the next ...
PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX
... The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the citric acid cycle enzymes exist in the matrix of the mitochondrion in eukaryotes Pyruvate in generated by glycolysis in the cytosol and needs to be moved into the mitochondria MITOCHONDRIAL STRUCTURE ...
... The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the citric acid cycle enzymes exist in the matrix of the mitochondrion in eukaryotes Pyruvate in generated by glycolysis in the cytosol and needs to be moved into the mitochondria MITOCHONDRIAL STRUCTURE ...
Gluconeogenesis
... Acetyl-CoA regulates pyruvate carboxylase Increases in oxaloacetate concentrations increase the activity of the Krebs cycle and acetyl-CoA is a allosteric activator of the carboxylase. Low levels of Acetyl-CoA pyruvate carboxylase is largely inactive and pyruvate is oxidized in Krebs cycle However ...
... Acetyl-CoA regulates pyruvate carboxylase Increases in oxaloacetate concentrations increase the activity of the Krebs cycle and acetyl-CoA is a allosteric activator of the carboxylase. Low levels of Acetyl-CoA pyruvate carboxylase is largely inactive and pyruvate is oxidized in Krebs cycle However ...
Cellular Respiration
... NADH and FADH2 • Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
... NADH and FADH2 • Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
Answers - U of L Class Index
... The loose (L) site in ATP synthase begins the synthesis of ATP by binding ADP and Pi. ...
... The loose (L) site in ATP synthase begins the synthesis of ATP by binding ADP and Pi. ...
Document
... Main Goal: Break down pyruvate to carbon dioxide and release more energy Process: Diffuse pyruvic acid into the matrix of the mitochondria Each pyruvate loses one carbon and makes a 2 carbon molecule called Acetyl CoA The carbon join with the oxygen (aerobic) that breathe in to create the carbon dio ...
... Main Goal: Break down pyruvate to carbon dioxide and release more energy Process: Diffuse pyruvic acid into the matrix of the mitochondria Each pyruvate loses one carbon and makes a 2 carbon molecule called Acetyl CoA The carbon join with the oxygen (aerobic) that breathe in to create the carbon dio ...
Pyruvate and Energetics of Glycolysis
... 1. The conversion of pyruvate to ethanol also causes the ________. A) oxidation of NADH B) production of ADP C) consumption of O2 D) generation of an ion gradient across mitochondrial membranes 2. The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate is ________. A) lactate reductase ...
... 1. The conversion of pyruvate to ethanol also causes the ________. A) oxidation of NADH B) production of ADP C) consumption of O2 D) generation of an ion gradient across mitochondrial membranes 2. The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate is ________. A) lactate reductase ...
anaerobic respiration
... When food is broken down, energetic electrons are released. NADH catches the electrons. NADH releases the electrons so that ATP can be made. Metabolism is all of the reactions in the body that involve energy transformation ...
... When food is broken down, energetic electrons are released. NADH catches the electrons. NADH releases the electrons so that ATP can be made. Metabolism is all of the reactions in the body that involve energy transformation ...
CK12 Homework Sections 1.27 to 1.30 Section 1.27 Glycolysis 1
... 3. What is the maximum number of ATP molecules that can be produced during the electron transport stage of aerobic respiration? The two NADH produced in the cytoplasm produces 2 to 3 ATP each (4 to 6 total) by the electron transport system, the 8 NADH produced in the mitochondria produces three ATP ...
... 3. What is the maximum number of ATP molecules that can be produced during the electron transport stage of aerobic respiration? The two NADH produced in the cytoplasm produces 2 to 3 ATP each (4 to 6 total) by the electron transport system, the 8 NADH produced in the mitochondria produces three ATP ...
Bioenergetics
... Chemical energy enters the body as carbohydrates, fats and proteins, which are comprised of glucose molecules, fatty acids and amino acids, respectively o The body uses these substrates to produce ATP ...
... Chemical energy enters the body as carbohydrates, fats and proteins, which are comprised of glucose molecules, fatty acids and amino acids, respectively o The body uses these substrates to produce ATP ...
Cellular Respiration
... Phosphofructokinase (catalyzes step 3 of Glycolysis) controls C.R. It is activated by ADP and inhibited by ATP NADH inhibits pyruvate decarboxylase and prevents Acetyl-CoA from forming An organism’s Metabolic Rate is the amount of energy consumed by an organism in a given time. ...
... Phosphofructokinase (catalyzes step 3 of Glycolysis) controls C.R. It is activated by ADP and inhibited by ATP NADH inhibits pyruvate decarboxylase and prevents Acetyl-CoA from forming An organism’s Metabolic Rate is the amount of energy consumed by an organism in a given time. ...
Unit Two “Energy Acquisition”
... 2. The “Phosphorylated” Glucose is split in two, forming 2 three-carbon sugar phosphates 3. In a series of reactions, both three-carbon sugars phosphate groups are converted to “Pyruvate” 4. The above Pyruvate forming process liberates Hydrogen so it can bond with NAD+ to form NADH, and 2 ATP’s are ...
... 2. The “Phosphorylated” Glucose is split in two, forming 2 three-carbon sugar phosphates 3. In a series of reactions, both three-carbon sugars phosphate groups are converted to “Pyruvate” 4. The above Pyruvate forming process liberates Hydrogen so it can bond with NAD+ to form NADH, and 2 ATP’s are ...
Chapter 9 – Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
... in the energy-yielding redox process of respiration – the oxidation of glucose. Glucose is oxidized, and oxygen is reduced. In this process hydrogen is transferred, and in the process energy is produced, ATP. The enzymes in cells lowers the energy barrier to allow glucose to be oxidized in a series ...
... in the energy-yielding redox process of respiration – the oxidation of glucose. Glucose is oxidized, and oxygen is reduced. In this process hydrogen is transferred, and in the process energy is produced, ATP. The enzymes in cells lowers the energy barrier to allow glucose to be oxidized in a series ...
Metabolism and Energetics
... AND it yields two molecules of NADH—this is a type of stored energy that can be “cashed in for ATP” in the mitochondrion. The end-product of this process is pyruvate (2 molecules for each burned glucose) Often, pyruvate is sometimes converted to lactate OR further hydrolyzed to acetate. Acetate can ...
... AND it yields two molecules of NADH—this is a type of stored energy that can be “cashed in for ATP” in the mitochondrion. The end-product of this process is pyruvate (2 molecules for each burned glucose) Often, pyruvate is sometimes converted to lactate OR further hydrolyzed to acetate. Acetate can ...
Cell Respiration - Biology Junction
... 1. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria. 2. Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules. 3. Glycolysis is universally found in organisms; therefore, it likely evolved before the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain. 4. Glycolosis can be divided ...
... 1. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm outside the mitochondria. 2. Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose into two pyruvate molecules. 3. Glycolysis is universally found in organisms; therefore, it likely evolved before the citric acid cycle and electron transport chain. 4. Glycolosis can be divided ...
Chapter 21 - Evangel University
... carbon atoms __________ at a time from the carboxyl end of a fatty acid • The complete cycle of one -oxidation requires four enzymes • Reaction 1: Oxidation of the , carbon-carbon single bond to a carbon-carbon double bond • Reaction 2: Hydration of the carbon-carbon double ...
... carbon atoms __________ at a time from the carboxyl end of a fatty acid • The complete cycle of one -oxidation requires four enzymes • Reaction 1: Oxidation of the , carbon-carbon single bond to a carbon-carbon double bond • Reaction 2: Hydration of the carbon-carbon double ...
Cell Respiration: Energy for Plant Metabolism
... proceed the same way in plants and animals. Process is called cellular respiration ...
... proceed the same way in plants and animals. Process is called cellular respiration ...
Energy metabolism
... Slower weight gain and less visceral fat had been observed when rats fed a high-fat diet were supplemented with freeze-dried bitter melon (BM) juice; the metabolic consequences and possible mechanism(s) were further explored in the present study. In a 4-week experiment, rats were fed a low-fat (70 g ...
... Slower weight gain and less visceral fat had been observed when rats fed a high-fat diet were supplemented with freeze-dried bitter melon (BM) juice; the metabolic consequences and possible mechanism(s) were further explored in the present study. In a 4-week experiment, rats were fed a low-fat (70 g ...
Name the first of the three stages of cellular respiration
... Where does the electron transport chain take place? IN AND ACROSS THE MITOCHONDRIA’S INNER MEMBRANE ...
... Where does the electron transport chain take place? IN AND ACROSS THE MITOCHONDRIA’S INNER MEMBRANE ...
Unit_5_Topic_7_Run_for_your_life_Revision_Questions
... 1. the structure of a muscle fibre 2. the way in which muscles, tendons, the skeleton and ligaments interact to enable movement, including antagonistic muscle pairs, extensors and flexors. 3. the overall reaction of aerobic respiration as splitting of the respiratory substrate (eg glucose) to releas ...
... 1. the structure of a muscle fibre 2. the way in which muscles, tendons, the skeleton and ligaments interact to enable movement, including antagonistic muscle pairs, extensors and flexors. 3. the overall reaction of aerobic respiration as splitting of the respiratory substrate (eg glucose) to releas ...
Living organisms need a constant input of energy
... The metabolism of carbohydrate molecules in cells, particulary glucose, provides energy in the form of ATP. Through the glycolytic pathway, glucose is first converted to pyruvate, anaerobically, in the cytosol. In the absence of sufficient oxygen, in the cytosol, pyruvate is fermented. Fermentation, ...
... The metabolism of carbohydrate molecules in cells, particulary glucose, provides energy in the form of ATP. Through the glycolytic pathway, glucose is first converted to pyruvate, anaerobically, in the cytosol. In the absence of sufficient oxygen, in the cytosol, pyruvate is fermented. Fermentation, ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.