Catabolism of Organic Compounds Chapter 14
... Areas where cellulose has been hydrolyzed are more translucent © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... Areas where cellulose has been hydrolyzed are more translucent © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
How to move an amphipathic molecule across a lipid
... display overlapping but distinct substrate specificities [2,3,5]. Expression in the yeast pxa1/2Δ mutant coupled with βoxidation measurements indicates that ALDP preferentially transports saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) C24:0 and C26:0 ; ALDR has a preference for VLC unsaturated FA suc ...
... display overlapping but distinct substrate specificities [2,3,5]. Expression in the yeast pxa1/2Δ mutant coupled with βoxidation measurements indicates that ALDP preferentially transports saturated very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA) C24:0 and C26:0 ; ALDR has a preference for VLC unsaturated FA suc ...
Separation of Racemic Mixtures of Amino Acids Using Chiral Eluents
... Usually, increasing the concentration of organic modifier in the eluent in the reversed phase chromatography leads to reduction of the retention times of the solutes because of an increasing solvent strength. The influence of methanol as modifier was investigated with the aliphatic amino acids Val, ...
... Usually, increasing the concentration of organic modifier in the eluent in the reversed phase chromatography leads to reduction of the retention times of the solutes because of an increasing solvent strength. The influence of methanol as modifier was investigated with the aliphatic amino acids Val, ...
Enzyme
... b) carboxylases need ATP for their function c) kinases transfer a phosphate from an energy rich compound to a substrate d) hydroxylases catalyze oxidation of a substrate ...
... b) carboxylases need ATP for their function c) kinases transfer a phosphate from an energy rich compound to a substrate d) hydroxylases catalyze oxidation of a substrate ...
The Biosynthesis of N-Phosphorylcreatine: an Investigation of the
... from rat and rabbit skeletal muscle will catalyse the overall reaction described by Cori et al. (1958) under conditions similar to those described by these authors. Further fractionation, however, caused a loss of activity and, since this could be recovered in greater than additive amounts by recomb ...
... from rat and rabbit skeletal muscle will catalyse the overall reaction described by Cori et al. (1958) under conditions similar to those described by these authors. Further fractionation, however, caused a loss of activity and, since this could be recovered in greater than additive amounts by recomb ...
Clarification of the identity of the major M2
... Specifically, it has been demonstrated, by chromatography on columns of immobilized POC, that complex I is retained on such a column [32]. This is supported by the present data confirming the presence of POC in purified complex I preparations. Thus, during the affinity purification described by Fros ...
... Specifically, it has been demonstrated, by chromatography on columns of immobilized POC, that complex I is retained on such a column [32]. This is supported by the present data confirming the presence of POC in purified complex I preparations. Thus, during the affinity purification described by Fros ...
Drug Metabolism
... • Hydroxylation often occurs para to the substituent on the ring • Occurs on the more activated ring, common activating groups: -OH; -OCH3; -NH2; -NHR; and Alkyl group, e.g. -CH3, -CH2CH3, etc • Deactivated rings are resistant to oxidation, common deactivating groups: ...
... • Hydroxylation often occurs para to the substituent on the ring • Occurs on the more activated ring, common activating groups: -OH; -OCH3; -NH2; -NHR; and Alkyl group, e.g. -CH3, -CH2CH3, etc • Deactivated rings are resistant to oxidation, common deactivating groups: ...
Ketone body metabolism and cardiovascular disease - AJP
... acid oxidation: acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the lipogenic substrate and an allosteric inhibitor of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, decreasing delivery of acyl chains to the mitochondrial matrix for terminal oxidation [reviewed in (102 ...
... acid oxidation: acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the conversion of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the lipogenic substrate and an allosteric inhibitor of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, decreasing delivery of acyl chains to the mitochondrial matrix for terminal oxidation [reviewed in (102 ...
Lecture - Ch 25-7
... Peptides and Proteins • The long repetitive sequence of –N–CH–CO– atoms that make up a continuous chain is called the protein’s backbone • Peptides are always written with the Nterminal amino acid (the one with the free – NH2 group) on the left and the C-terminal amino acid (the one with the free – ...
... Peptides and Proteins • The long repetitive sequence of –N–CH–CO– atoms that make up a continuous chain is called the protein’s backbone • Peptides are always written with the Nterminal amino acid (the one with the free – NH2 group) on the left and the C-terminal amino acid (the one with the free – ...
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... media. Glucose isomerase (EC. 5.3.1.5) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose to fructose and that of xylose to xylulose. It is an important enzyme used in the industrial production of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Glucose isomerase was purified from Bacillus thuringiensis. The final p ...
... media. Glucose isomerase (EC. 5.3.1.5) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose to fructose and that of xylose to xylulose. It is an important enzyme used in the industrial production of high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Glucose isomerase was purified from Bacillus thuringiensis. The final p ...
THE EVOLUTION OF ACETYL-CoA SYNTHASE 1
... CH3 -S-CoM. This thioether reacts with Coenzyme B to generate CH4 and the heterodisulfide CoM-SS-CoB. CoM-SS-CoB is the terminal electron acceptor used in oxidative phosphorylation. The anabolic needs of these cells are met by synthesizing acetyl-coenzyme A using the Acetyl-CoA (or Wood-Ljungdahl) p ...
... CH3 -S-CoM. This thioether reacts with Coenzyme B to generate CH4 and the heterodisulfide CoM-SS-CoB. CoM-SS-CoB is the terminal electron acceptor used in oxidative phosphorylation. The anabolic needs of these cells are met by synthesizing acetyl-coenzyme A using the Acetyl-CoA (or Wood-Ljungdahl) p ...
Second Year - WordPress.com
... b) Good reducing agents c) Good electrical conductors in solid state d) Easily reduced. ...
... b) Good reducing agents c) Good electrical conductors in solid state d) Easily reduced. ...
Topic 8 Acids and Bases File
... changes in pH when small amounts of either acid or base are added to the system. It is important that our blood pH does not change suddenly. A pH balance ensures that chemical reactions in the body take place correctly. If the pH drops below 6.8 or rises above 7.8, death can occur. The buffer in blo ...
... changes in pH when small amounts of either acid or base are added to the system. It is important that our blood pH does not change suddenly. A pH balance ensures that chemical reactions in the body take place correctly. If the pH drops below 6.8 or rises above 7.8, death can occur. The buffer in blo ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shutt ...
... 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shutt ...
Redox balances in the metabolism of sugars by yeasts
... 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shutt ...
... 2-oxoglutarate, the precursor of glutamate, in the cytoplasm. The fate of NADH in intermediary metabolism is much more complicated than that of NADPH. NADH is generated both in the cytosol (during glycolysis) and in the mitochondria (via TCA-cycle enzymes) (Fig. 2). In mammalian cells, various shutt ...
Cholesterol
... * Peroxisomes induced by peroxisome proliferators via a cytosolic receptor (PPAR) e.g., hypolipidemic drugs, e.g., clofibrate; plasticizers, e.g., phthalate (DEHP); endogenous steroids formed by the adrenal glands e.g., dehydroepiandrosterone. ...
... * Peroxisomes induced by peroxisome proliferators via a cytosolic receptor (PPAR) e.g., hypolipidemic drugs, e.g., clofibrate; plasticizers, e.g., phthalate (DEHP); endogenous steroids formed by the adrenal glands e.g., dehydroepiandrosterone. ...
Formate Dehydrogenase, Molecular Modeling and Docking with
... homology modeling using Swiss model. 3D structure revealed was docked with NAD+ using AutoDock Vina software. The results of presented homology modeling and docking studies revealed that the conserved residues of FDH interact with NAD+ were Pro 68, Arg 258, Asn 119, Asn 228 and His 97. The cofactor ...
... homology modeling using Swiss model. 3D structure revealed was docked with NAD+ using AutoDock Vina software. The results of presented homology modeling and docking studies revealed that the conserved residues of FDH interact with NAD+ were Pro 68, Arg 258, Asn 119, Asn 228 and His 97. The cofactor ...
Sugar amino acids and related molecules: Some recent developments
... (1) The rigid furan and pyran rings of these molecules make them ideal candidates as non-peptide scaffolds in peptidomimetics where they can be easily incorporated by using their carboxyl and amino termini utilizing well-developed solid-phase or solution-phase peptide synthesis methods. (2) At the s ...
... (1) The rigid furan and pyran rings of these molecules make them ideal candidates as non-peptide scaffolds in peptidomimetics where they can be easily incorporated by using their carboxyl and amino termini utilizing well-developed solid-phase or solution-phase peptide synthesis methods. (2) At the s ...
REGULATORY MECHANISMS OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION I
... essential for activity (for example, the - S H groups), through denaturation of the molecule, or by combination on the side chains where substrates or prosthetic groups form the protein-substrate complex (structural inhibitors); (2) by combining with the prosthetic groups of enzymes (diphosphothiami ...
... essential for activity (for example, the - S H groups), through denaturation of the molecule, or by combination on the side chains where substrates or prosthetic groups form the protein-substrate complex (structural inhibitors); (2) by combining with the prosthetic groups of enzymes (diphosphothiami ...
KIEBER, ROBERT J., LINDA H. HYDRO, AND PAMELA J. SEATON
... address the role of the photodegradation products of triglycerides, such as aldehydes, in the humification process. These photooxidation products are potentially more reactive than their precursors and may therefore be significant source material in the formation of hydrophobic DOM such as humics. M ...
... address the role of the photodegradation products of triglycerides, such as aldehydes, in the humification process. These photooxidation products are potentially more reactive than their precursors and may therefore be significant source material in the formation of hydrophobic DOM such as humics. M ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.