muscle energetics types of skeletal muscle
... Slow but sustained 32 ATP per glucose Requires oxygen Occurs in mitochondria ...
... Slow but sustained 32 ATP per glucose Requires oxygen Occurs in mitochondria ...
Anaerobic Respiration
... to be re-oxidised (Hydrogen removed) so that it can keep accepting Hydrogens in glycolysis • There are two ways that NAD can be reoxidised • Fungi e.g. yeast use ethanol fermentation • Animals use lactate fermentation • Neither of these produce ATP, but two are made during glycolysis ...
... to be re-oxidised (Hydrogen removed) so that it can keep accepting Hydrogens in glycolysis • There are two ways that NAD can be reoxidised • Fungi e.g. yeast use ethanol fermentation • Animals use lactate fermentation • Neither of these produce ATP, but two are made during glycolysis ...
body temperature Mechanical- moves muscles Electrical
... This is an aerobic reaction (oxygen requiring) Fats to Energy Triglyceride breaks down to glycerol and fatty acids. Glycerol can either be converted to pyruvate and go down the pathway it can go up the pathway and be converted to glucose. Fatty acids are broken into 2-carbon units which combine with ...
... This is an aerobic reaction (oxygen requiring) Fats to Energy Triglyceride breaks down to glycerol and fatty acids. Glycerol can either be converted to pyruvate and go down the pathway it can go up the pathway and be converted to glucose. Fatty acids are broken into 2-carbon units which combine with ...
Metabolism of fat File
... an acyl-CoA derivative containing two carbons less than the original acyl-CoA molecule that underwent this oxidation. • The acyl-CoA formed in the cleavage reaction renters the oxidative pathway at reaction 1. ...
... an acyl-CoA derivative containing two carbons less than the original acyl-CoA molecule that underwent this oxidation. • The acyl-CoA formed in the cleavage reaction renters the oxidative pathway at reaction 1. ...
survey of biochemistry - School of Chemistry and Biochemistry
... • Transferases catalyze the transfer of a specific group from one molecule to another. ...
... • Transferases catalyze the transfer of a specific group from one molecule to another. ...
Donald C. Cox Seminar Series in Microbiology Presents:
... remain uncultivated and the diversity of organisms and enzymes that participate in the carbon cycle is staggeringly complex. We are developing a new toolbox for exploring the carbon cycle and the metabolic and ecological characteristics of uncultivated microorganisms. We have employed high-resolutio ...
... remain uncultivated and the diversity of organisms and enzymes that participate in the carbon cycle is staggeringly complex. We are developing a new toolbox for exploring the carbon cycle and the metabolic and ecological characteristics of uncultivated microorganisms. We have employed high-resolutio ...
Recitation 6 The path of electron flow in photosynthesis from initial
... transfer of electrons fron initial donor to final acceptor in the absence of light absorbtion. The fact that O2 is evolved as a byproduct can be taken as a hint. 2. Now couple in the energy from light absorption of 4 photons of red light of wavelength 700 (by photosystmes I and II) nm to show that ...
... transfer of electrons fron initial donor to final acceptor in the absence of light absorbtion. The fact that O2 is evolved as a byproduct can be taken as a hint. 2. Now couple in the energy from light absorption of 4 photons of red light of wavelength 700 (by photosystmes I and II) nm to show that ...
Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 P Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 4
... o Pyruvate and lactate produced returned to liver and kidney ...
... o Pyruvate and lactate produced returned to liver and kidney ...
Nutrition
... B) As the cycle moves around, citric acid is rearranged to produce different intermediate molecules called keto acids C) At the end of the cycle, the resulting molecule is oxaloacetic acid which is now available to attach to another acetyl CoA D) For each turn of the cycle: 1) two C atoms are remove ...
... B) As the cycle moves around, citric acid is rearranged to produce different intermediate molecules called keto acids C) At the end of the cycle, the resulting molecule is oxaloacetic acid which is now available to attach to another acetyl CoA D) For each turn of the cycle: 1) two C atoms are remove ...
Gluconeogenesis
... Mn++ is thought to promote Pi transfer by interacting simultaneously with the enolate oxygen atom and an oxygen atom of the terminal phosphate of GTP or ATP. ...
... Mn++ is thought to promote Pi transfer by interacting simultaneously with the enolate oxygen atom and an oxygen atom of the terminal phosphate of GTP or ATP. ...
01 - ALCA
... process of taking carbons off molecules, which need oxygen to pick them up…making this cycle AEROBIC! 05C.6 ATP & ATP Regeneration 4 of 7 ...
... process of taking carbons off molecules, which need oxygen to pick them up…making this cycle AEROBIC! 05C.6 ATP & ATP Regeneration 4 of 7 ...
NADH - Mrs. Yu`s Science Classes
... O2 combines with RuBP leads to the production of CO2 photorespiration • C4 plants solving the problem of photorespiration - Fix CO2 to PEP ( a C3 molecule), which results in a C4 molecule called oxaloacetate - In hot & dry climates, C4’s net productivity is 2-3 times greater than C3 plants, bu ...
... O2 combines with RuBP leads to the production of CO2 photorespiration • C4 plants solving the problem of photorespiration - Fix CO2 to PEP ( a C3 molecule), which results in a C4 molecule called oxaloacetate - In hot & dry climates, C4’s net productivity is 2-3 times greater than C3 plants, bu ...
Cellular Respiration Review
... What are the number and type of input molecules for the ETC? What molecule gets reduced during the ETC? What molecule gets oxidized during the ETC? What are the number and type of output molecules for the ETC? How is each output molecule from the ETC used? What is the net gain of ATP from the ETC? W ...
... What are the number and type of input molecules for the ETC? What molecule gets reduced during the ETC? What molecule gets oxidized during the ETC? What are the number and type of output molecules for the ETC? How is each output molecule from the ETC used? What is the net gain of ATP from the ETC? W ...
chapter 9 cellular respiration: harvesting chemical
... Lecture Outline for Campbell/Reece Biology, 7th Edition, © Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... Lecture Outline for Campbell/Reece Biology, 7th Edition, © Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Anaerobic cell respiration - Hicksville Public Schools
... This process is also called fermentation There two types of anaerobic respiration: ...
... This process is also called fermentation There two types of anaerobic respiration: ...
Q4 Describe the body`s mechanisms for regulating
... Acts in the liver to stimulate breakdown of stored glycogen deposits to G-‐6-‐P and then glucose Acts in peripheral skeletal muscle and adipose tissue to breakdown peripheral glycogen deposits to pyruvate ...
... Acts in the liver to stimulate breakdown of stored glycogen deposits to G-‐6-‐P and then glucose Acts in peripheral skeletal muscle and adipose tissue to breakdown peripheral glycogen deposits to pyruvate ...
Question Report - FM Faculty Web Pages
... mitochondria and chloroplasts are about the same size as prokaryotic cells mitochondria have their own DNA ...
... mitochondria and chloroplasts are about the same size as prokaryotic cells mitochondria have their own DNA ...
Energy Systems
... ATP is produced very slowly by the Aerobic System, it is very sluggish compared to the CP & Lactic Acid Systems. ...
... ATP is produced very slowly by the Aerobic System, it is very sluggish compared to the CP & Lactic Acid Systems. ...
Document
... • pyruvate is reduced to lactate. • NADH oxidizes to NAD+ allowing glycolysis to continue. ...
... • pyruvate is reduced to lactate. • NADH oxidizes to NAD+ allowing glycolysis to continue. ...
Cellular Respiration - Kania´s Science Page
... where energy transfer first evolved transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP still is starting point for ALL cellular respiration ...
... where energy transfer first evolved transfer energy from organic molecules to ATP still is starting point for ALL cellular respiration ...
Cellular respiration
... by substrate-level by oxidative phosphorylation, depending on which shuttle transports electrons phosphorylation from NADH in cytosol ...
... by substrate-level by oxidative phosphorylation, depending on which shuttle transports electrons phosphorylation from NADH in cytosol ...
Citric acid cycle ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN AND
... • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the citric acid cycle • Fats are broken up and fed into glycolysis and the citric acid cycle Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the citric acid cycle • Fats are broken up and fed into glycolysis and the citric acid cycle Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.