Mechanism of the Inhibitory Action of Linoleic Acid on
... Measurement of macromolecular syntheses. DNA, RNA, cell wall, protein and membrane synthesis were measured by monitoring the incorporation of [2-14C]thymidine, [5-SH]uracil, [2-3H]glycine, L - [ U - ~ ~ C ] phenylalanine and [2-3H]glycerol,respectively, into material precipitated by ice-cold 5 % (w/ ...
... Measurement of macromolecular syntheses. DNA, RNA, cell wall, protein and membrane synthesis were measured by monitoring the incorporation of [2-14C]thymidine, [5-SH]uracil, [2-3H]glycine, L - [ U - ~ ~ C ] phenylalanine and [2-3H]glycerol,respectively, into material precipitated by ice-cold 5 % (w/ ...
Alpha and beta subunits of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1
... conflicting conclusions have been drawn as to whether the amino termini of the three microsporidian mitochondrion-derived HSP70 proteins include mitochondrion-targeting transit peptides [16–18]. Altogether, it is presently clear that microsporidia evolved from a mitochondrion-containing lineage and ...
... conflicting conclusions have been drawn as to whether the amino termini of the three microsporidian mitochondrion-derived HSP70 proteins include mitochondrion-targeting transit peptides [16–18]. Altogether, it is presently clear that microsporidia evolved from a mitochondrion-containing lineage and ...
Cloning and Sequence Analysis of the xylL Gene Responsible for
... The ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases are multi-component in nature, comprising an electron transport chain and a terminal catalytic component (1, 6, 7, 8, 15, 21). In contrast, almost all of the dihydrodiol dehydrogenase reported are similar with regard to their specificity for cis-dihydrodiols and t ...
... The ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases are multi-component in nature, comprising an electron transport chain and a terminal catalytic component (1, 6, 7, 8, 15, 21). In contrast, almost all of the dihydrodiol dehydrogenase reported are similar with regard to their specificity for cis-dihydrodiols and t ...
Gluconacetobacter entanii sp. nov., isolated from submerged high
... The taxonomically relevant physiological properties were investigated for strains LTH 4560T and LTH 4637. As the two strains exhibited the same physiological properties, the results obtained for strain LTH 4560T were compared with the characteristics of the type strains of the acetic acid bacteria ( ...
... The taxonomically relevant physiological properties were investigated for strains LTH 4560T and LTH 4637. As the two strains exhibited the same physiological properties, the results obtained for strain LTH 4560T were compared with the characteristics of the type strains of the acetic acid bacteria ( ...
Amino Acid Interrelationships in Cysteine Toxicity in
... The existence of complex inter-relationships between amino acids in the growth and nutrition of micro-organisms and animals is well known. In several instances such antagonisms involve amino acids which possess structural similarities or are connected by interlinked metabolic pathways. The toxicity ...
... The existence of complex inter-relationships between amino acids in the growth and nutrition of micro-organisms and animals is well known. In several instances such antagonisms involve amino acids which possess structural similarities or are connected by interlinked metabolic pathways. The toxicity ...
Amino Acid Interrelationships in Cysteine Toxicity in
... The existence of complex inter-relationships between amino acids in the growth and nutrition of micro-organisms and animals is well known. In several instances such antagonisms involve amino acids which possess structural similarities or are connected by interlinked metabolic pathways. The toxicity ...
... The existence of complex inter-relationships between amino acids in the growth and nutrition of micro-organisms and animals is well known. In several instances such antagonisms involve amino acids which possess structural similarities or are connected by interlinked metabolic pathways. The toxicity ...
Conformational Preferences of Amino Acids in Globular Proteins?
... polypeptide chain have been done automaticallvd from the X-rav coordinates and for verv manv more protein structures (Levitt and Greer, 1977). (2) -The data are weighted to allow for the many related protein structures solved to date by X-ray crystallography. (3) The counting statistics are analyzed ...
... polypeptide chain have been done automaticallvd from the X-rav coordinates and for verv manv more protein structures (Levitt and Greer, 1977). (2) -The data are weighted to allow for the many related protein structures solved to date by X-ray crystallography. (3) The counting statistics are analyzed ...
Metabolic flux profiling of recombinant protein secreting Pichia
... Growth and product formation of recombinant P. pastoris strains There are only few physiological studies on the potential impact of recombinant protein production on the core metabolism of P. pastoris, particularly for those cases where the product is secreted [9, 15]. The aim of our study was to q ...
... Growth and product formation of recombinant P. pastoris strains There are only few physiological studies on the potential impact of recombinant protein production on the core metabolism of P. pastoris, particularly for those cases where the product is secreted [9, 15]. The aim of our study was to q ...
Acids, Bases and Salts
... the Brønsted-Lowry theory is an acid-base theory, proposed independently by Danish Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and English Thomas Martin Lowry in 1923. In this system, an acid is defined as any chemical species (molecule or ion) that is able to lose, or "donate" a hydrogen ion (proton), and a base is ...
... the Brønsted-Lowry theory is an acid-base theory, proposed independently by Danish Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted and English Thomas Martin Lowry in 1923. In this system, an acid is defined as any chemical species (molecule or ion) that is able to lose, or "donate" a hydrogen ion (proton), and a base is ...
Natural Carbon Isotope Abundance of Plasma
... between both groups for each metabolite and through the metabolic pathways using the precursor/product approach. We confirmed that lipids were depleted in 13C compared to glucose in both genotypes. We found that isotopic abundance of linoleic acid (C18: 2n-6), even though both groups had the same fe ...
... between both groups for each metabolite and through the metabolic pathways using the precursor/product approach. We confirmed that lipids were depleted in 13C compared to glucose in both genotypes. We found that isotopic abundance of linoleic acid (C18: 2n-6), even though both groups had the same fe ...
Acids and Bases
... a species that donates a proton, and a base is a species that accepts a proton. (Remember that positively charged hydrogen ions are called protons.) In the following reaction, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is an acid because it donates a proton to water, and water is a base because it accepts a proton fro ...
... a species that donates a proton, and a base is a species that accepts a proton. (Remember that positively charged hydrogen ions are called protons.) In the following reaction, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is an acid because it donates a proton to water, and water is a base because it accepts a proton fro ...
Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
... 2. Environmental Conditions 1. Extreme Temperature are the most dangerous - high temps may denature (unfold) the enzyme. 2. pH (most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral) 3. Ionic concentration (salt ions) 4. Substrate concentration 5. Enzyme concentration ...
... 2. Environmental Conditions 1. Extreme Temperature are the most dangerous - high temps may denature (unfold) the enzyme. 2. pH (most like 6 - 8 pH near neutral) 3. Ionic concentration (salt ions) 4. Substrate concentration 5. Enzyme concentration ...
document/47414 - UvA-DARE
... Nonetheless, at the start of this project the metabolic and molecular basis of several inborn errors of branched chain amino acid metabolism, including 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency, 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria and 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase deficiency, were still elusive. Ther ...
... Nonetheless, at the start of this project the metabolic and molecular basis of several inborn errors of branched chain amino acid metabolism, including 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency, 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria and 3-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA hydrolase deficiency, were still elusive. Ther ...
Acids and Bases Unit
... This is a guessing question so be prepared for different responses. Most likely, that the light bulb will light up After testing the conductivity of the strong acid and before testing the weak acid in solution: o Did anything happen to the light bulb? Is that what we expected? If done correct ...
... This is a guessing question so be prepared for different responses. Most likely, that the light bulb will light up After testing the conductivity of the strong acid and before testing the weak acid in solution: o Did anything happen to the light bulb? Is that what we expected? If done correct ...
Get PDF - Wiley Online Library
... run on a Biochrom 30 amino acid analyzer (Biochrom Co, Cambridge, UK), equipped with a sodium high-performance oxidized column (Biochrom). The UV-signals were read after postcolumn derivatization with ninhydrin at 570 and 440 nm using Chromeleon software (Dionex, Sunnyvale, CA). Cysteic acid, methio ...
... run on a Biochrom 30 amino acid analyzer (Biochrom Co, Cambridge, UK), equipped with a sodium high-performance oxidized column (Biochrom). The UV-signals were read after postcolumn derivatization with ninhydrin at 570 and 440 nm using Chromeleon software (Dionex, Sunnyvale, CA). Cysteic acid, methio ...
Localization and nucleotide specificity of Blastocystis succinyl‐CoA
... in Tielens et al., 2002). Other mitochondria-related organelles, referred to as mitosomes, appear to have completely lost the ability to produce energy (van der Giezen et al., 2005). In contrast, hydrogenosomes use protons instead of oxygen as terminal electron acceptors, producing ATP, acetate, car ...
... in Tielens et al., 2002). Other mitochondria-related organelles, referred to as mitosomes, appear to have completely lost the ability to produce energy (van der Giezen et al., 2005). In contrast, hydrogenosomes use protons instead of oxygen as terminal electron acceptors, producing ATP, acetate, car ...
Conservation of the metabolomic response to starvation across two divergent microbes.
... for 2 h before the isotope switch. The x axis represents minutes after isotope switching; the y axis represents the fraction of the observed phenylpyruvate signal attributable to uniformly 12C form. ...
... for 2 h before the isotope switch. The x axis represents minutes after isotope switching; the y axis represents the fraction of the observed phenylpyruvate signal attributable to uniformly 12C form. ...
Conservation of the metabolomic response to starvation across two divergent microbes.
... for 2 h before the isotope switch. The x axis represents minutes after isotope switching; the y axis represents the fraction of the observed phenylpyruvate signal attributable to uniformly 12C form. ...
... for 2 h before the isotope switch. The x axis represents minutes after isotope switching; the y axis represents the fraction of the observed phenylpyruvate signal attributable to uniformly 12C form. ...
Lactate and Lactic Acid
... The aerobic pathway is the most complicated in terms of the steps involved, but yields the largest amount of ATP and allows the use of many types of fuels such as fats, proteins, glucose and lactate (yes, lactate). The conversion of these fuels into ATP requires various steps within the muscle cell. ...
... The aerobic pathway is the most complicated in terms of the steps involved, but yields the largest amount of ATP and allows the use of many types of fuels such as fats, proteins, glucose and lactate (yes, lactate). The conversion of these fuels into ATP requires various steps within the muscle cell. ...
Contributions of direct incorporation from diet and microbial amino
... amino acid biosynthetic pathway (Hare et al. 1991; O’Brien, Fogel & Boggs 2002; Howland et al. 2003; Jim et al. 2006) and (ii) the protein content of diet. Other factors such as growth rate and metabolic state are also important considerations, because several amino acids (e.g. proline) can be condi ...
... amino acid biosynthetic pathway (Hare et al. 1991; O’Brien, Fogel & Boggs 2002; Howland et al. 2003; Jim et al. 2006) and (ii) the protein content of diet. Other factors such as growth rate and metabolic state are also important considerations, because several amino acids (e.g. proline) can be condi ...
Meteoritic Amino Acids: Diversity in Compositions Reflects Parent
... heavily studied aqueously altered meteorites, such as Streckertype syntheses leading to α-amino acids. Future work is needed to assess the formation potential of other mechanisms, such as the FTT reactions, as well as the effects of alteration conditions on amino acid preservation and formation. Prod ...
... heavily studied aqueously altered meteorites, such as Streckertype syntheses leading to α-amino acids. Future work is needed to assess the formation potential of other mechanisms, such as the FTT reactions, as well as the effects of alteration conditions on amino acid preservation and formation. Prod ...
Expression of phosphofructokinase in Neisseria meningitidis
... step in the vaccine production process. For this reason, an N. meningitidis serogroup B genome-scale metabolic model has been built and used to study primary metabolism (Baart et al., 2007a, 2008). Earlier studies on glucose utilization in N. meningitidis confirm the presence of enzymes related to t ...
... step in the vaccine production process. For this reason, an N. meningitidis serogroup B genome-scale metabolic model has been built and used to study primary metabolism (Baart et al., 2007a, 2008). Earlier studies on glucose utilization in N. meningitidis confirm the presence of enzymes related to t ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.