Zdroje volných radikál* ROS
... High-molecular endogenic antioxidants Proteins which bind transition elements Fe and Cu = inactivation of these elements for catalysis • transferrin – binds Fe3+ in blood • lactoferrin – binds Fe3+ in leukocytes • ferritin – intracellular, storage of Fe in the cell • haptoglobin – uptake of extrace ...
... High-molecular endogenic antioxidants Proteins which bind transition elements Fe and Cu = inactivation of these elements for catalysis • transferrin – binds Fe3+ in blood • lactoferrin – binds Fe3+ in leukocytes • ferritin – intracellular, storage of Fe in the cell • haptoglobin – uptake of extrace ...
Alcohol Metabolism
... usually this pathway only accounts for a small proportion of EtOH metabolism but it is up regulated in alcoholics EtOH can affect the metabolism of other drugs that are metabolized by the mixed function oxidase system (e.g. phenobarbitone, warfarin and steroids) nearly all acetaldehyde produce ...
... usually this pathway only accounts for a small proportion of EtOH metabolism but it is up regulated in alcoholics EtOH can affect the metabolism of other drugs that are metabolized by the mixed function oxidase system (e.g. phenobarbitone, warfarin and steroids) nearly all acetaldehyde produce ...
Structural Biochemistry/Metabolism
... for the growth and reproduction of organisms, maintaining their structures, and responding to changes in the environment. The involvement of enzymes is essential for metabolism because they couple the organisms, which are thermodynamically unfavorable, to other organisms which are thermodynamically ...
... for the growth and reproduction of organisms, maintaining their structures, and responding to changes in the environment. The involvement of enzymes is essential for metabolism because they couple the organisms, which are thermodynamically unfavorable, to other organisms which are thermodynamically ...
Slide 1
... • Proteins contain the elements C H O N & sometimes S • They are made by condensation reactions between amino acids forming long polypeptide chains. • The properties of each individual protein are determined by the aa sequence ...
... • Proteins contain the elements C H O N & sometimes S • They are made by condensation reactions between amino acids forming long polypeptide chains. • The properties of each individual protein are determined by the aa sequence ...
Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency: metabolic
... Glucose is the major source of energy for the fetus [1]. Immediately after birth free fatty acids are mobilized from adipose tissue stores. A rapid increase in the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and II and a rise in the capacity to oxidize fatty acids is found in liver [2] and in heart ...
... Glucose is the major source of energy for the fetus [1]. Immediately after birth free fatty acids are mobilized from adipose tissue stores. A rapid increase in the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I and II and a rise in the capacity to oxidize fatty acids is found in liver [2] and in heart ...
Amino Acid Transport Systems in Animal Cells
... treatment of this cell with 2,4-dinitrophenol (0.1 mM) and iodoacetate (1 mM), the concentrative uptake of various amino acids is restored by supplying 1 0 mM pyruvate before either the ATP level or the alkali-ion gradients are restored. Sensitivity of this effect to inhibition b y rotenone suggests ...
... treatment of this cell with 2,4-dinitrophenol (0.1 mM) and iodoacetate (1 mM), the concentrative uptake of various amino acids is restored by supplying 1 0 mM pyruvate before either the ATP level or the alkali-ion gradients are restored. Sensitivity of this effect to inhibition b y rotenone suggests ...
Lecture 6
... Dipeptide (What are the amino acids) is hydrolyzed to ??? Catalyzed by a peptidase or a ...
... Dipeptide (What are the amino acids) is hydrolyzed to ??? Catalyzed by a peptidase or a ...
Sex linked inheritance, sex linkage in Drosophila and man, XO, XY
... Amino Acids Are First Activated by ATP and then transfer to tRNA to produce aminoacyl-tRNA (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase). The activated tRNA is bound in the P site on the ribosome. ...
... Amino Acids Are First Activated by ATP and then transfer to tRNA to produce aminoacyl-tRNA (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase). The activated tRNA is bound in the P site on the ribosome. ...
The Energy Requirement for Growth: An A ~ ~ lication of
... School of Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands ...
... School of Medicine, Groningen, The Netherlands ...
Chocolate Wasted 40 Answer
... Name the three steps of the Calvin cycle in order. BONUS: Name the scientist that discovered the calvin cycle ...
... Name the three steps of the Calvin cycle in order. BONUS: Name the scientist that discovered the calvin cycle ...
Regents Biology Homework Packet Unit 4: Biochemistry
... Enzymes lower the energy needed to start a chemical reaction. (activation energy) It is thought that, in order for an enzyme to affect the rate of a reaction, the following events must take place. 1. The enzyme must form a temporary association with the substance or substances whose reaction rate it ...
... Enzymes lower the energy needed to start a chemical reaction. (activation energy) It is thought that, in order for an enzyme to affect the rate of a reaction, the following events must take place. 1. The enzyme must form a temporary association with the substance or substances whose reaction rate it ...
Chapter 5
... Polymer - a long molecule consisting of many identical or similar building blocks linked by covalent bonds Monomer - repeating unit that serves as the building blocks of a polymer Dehydration reaction - a reaction in which two molecules are covalently bonded to each other through loss of a water mol ...
... Polymer - a long molecule consisting of many identical or similar building blocks linked by covalent bonds Monomer - repeating unit that serves as the building blocks of a polymer Dehydration reaction - a reaction in which two molecules are covalently bonded to each other through loss of a water mol ...
Electron transport chain-2
... The primary function of the citric acid cycle was identified as the generation of NADH and FADH2 by the oxidation of acetyl CoA. In oxidative phosphorylation, NADH and FADH2 are used to reduce molecular oxygen to water. The highly exergonic reduction of molecular oxygen by NADH and FADH2 occur ...
... The primary function of the citric acid cycle was identified as the generation of NADH and FADH2 by the oxidation of acetyl CoA. In oxidative phosphorylation, NADH and FADH2 are used to reduce molecular oxygen to water. The highly exergonic reduction of molecular oxygen by NADH and FADH2 occur ...
SECTION 2 - CELL FUNCTION AND BIOCHEMICAL MEASUREMENT
... substrate into product per minute under standardized conditions. To assay the enzyme activity, the appropriate cofactors or coenzymes must be provided, the pH and temperature must be standardized, and the concentration of the substrate must be very large relative to the concentration of the enzyme. ...
... substrate into product per minute under standardized conditions. To assay the enzyme activity, the appropriate cofactors or coenzymes must be provided, the pH and temperature must be standardized, and the concentration of the substrate must be very large relative to the concentration of the enzyme. ...
Enter o to this page the details for the document
... A popular cure for acid indigestion is to take an antacid, these stop acid indigestion by neutralising the acid in the stomach with a mild alkaline substance. Some of the more modern antacids work by stopping the stomach from producing the acid in the first place, often you can work out the differen ...
... A popular cure for acid indigestion is to take an antacid, these stop acid indigestion by neutralising the acid in the stomach with a mild alkaline substance. Some of the more modern antacids work by stopping the stomach from producing the acid in the first place, often you can work out the differen ...
Quick Quiz1
... Discuss delta G (ΔG) and explain how it relates to biochemical reactions (what are the components of ΔG?). Discuss the 3 main parts of glycolysis and the reactions that occur in each part. In a biochemical pathway, explain how a biochemical reaction with a positive ΔG can proceed in a forward direct ...
... Discuss delta G (ΔG) and explain how it relates to biochemical reactions (what are the components of ΔG?). Discuss the 3 main parts of glycolysis and the reactions that occur in each part. In a biochemical pathway, explain how a biochemical reaction with a positive ΔG can proceed in a forward direct ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.