Pathogenic biofilm - Holistic Family Dentistry Steven N. Green, DDS
... from the cecum of the large bowel. The design of the human appendix is unique among mammals, and few mammals other than humans have an appendix at all. The function of the human appendix has been a matter of much debate (including its function as an escape-valve for flatus). It is often considered a ...
... from the cecum of the large bowel. The design of the human appendix is unique among mammals, and few mammals other than humans have an appendix at all. The function of the human appendix has been a matter of much debate (including its function as an escape-valve for flatus). It is often considered a ...
CHAPTER 7 Immune defences against pathogens
... containing lymph that reaches all tissues of the body and interconnects the lymphoid organs. These organs include bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes and they are composed of lymphoid tissue — so called because they contain large numbers of lymphocytes. The distribution of lymphoid tissue t ...
... containing lymph that reaches all tissues of the body and interconnects the lymphoid organs. These organs include bone marrow, thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes and they are composed of lymphoid tissue — so called because they contain large numbers of lymphocytes. The distribution of lymphoid tissue t ...
here - Wound Infection Institute
... specific target and can be used to form toxoids which are used in vaccines. Many are important virulence factors in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) of Staphylococcus aureus which can cause a ...
... specific target and can be used to form toxoids which are used in vaccines. Many are important virulence factors in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Panton Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) of Staphylococcus aureus which can cause a ...
Photochemotherapy induces the apoptosis of - HAL
... the withdrawal of a large amount of PBMC by apheresis (between 10 to 15 billions) followed by incubation with the photoactivable drug 8-MOP (8-methoxypsoralene) and UV-A irradiation (PUVA). Depending on the method used (on-line or off-line system), PUVA treated cells are reinfused back to the patien ...
... the withdrawal of a large amount of PBMC by apheresis (between 10 to 15 billions) followed by incubation with the photoactivable drug 8-MOP (8-methoxypsoralene) and UV-A irradiation (PUVA). Depending on the method used (on-line or off-line system), PUVA treated cells are reinfused back to the patien ...
Publications de l`équipe - Centre de recherche de l`Institut Curie
... Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin secreted spontaneously by dendritic cells (DCs). We have shown previously that exosomes can transfer antigen or MHC-peptide complexes between DCs, thus potentially amplifying the immune response. We had also identified milk fat globule EGF/factor VIII (MFG-E8 ...
... Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin secreted spontaneously by dendritic cells (DCs). We have shown previously that exosomes can transfer antigen or MHC-peptide complexes between DCs, thus potentially amplifying the immune response. We had also identified milk fat globule EGF/factor VIII (MFG-E8 ...
Aloe Vera and the Human Immune System
... benefitto its performance.The specialimponanceof Aloe is that its immune-active effectshavebeenclearlyshownto be of functionalbenefit. Next, it is clear,ffid well known, that the body's fight agairst tumoursis alsomediated throughthe immunesptenl which hasan ability to kill andremovetumotr cells. Th ...
... benefitto its performance.The specialimponanceof Aloe is that its immune-active effectshavebeenclearlyshownto be of functionalbenefit. Next, it is clear,ffid well known, that the body's fight agairst tumoursis alsomediated throughthe immunesptenl which hasan ability to kill andremovetumotr cells. Th ...
Immune Response to Self Nuclear Autoantigen Determines the Fate
... isolated from the peripheral blood not only of patients with autoimmune diseases but also of healthy individuals (3–5). In case of a microbe infection or chronic inflammation, it is possible that these autoreactive T cells expand, leading eventually to autoimmune diseases via proposed mechanisms suc ...
... isolated from the peripheral blood not only of patients with autoimmune diseases but also of healthy individuals (3–5). In case of a microbe infection or chronic inflammation, it is possible that these autoreactive T cells expand, leading eventually to autoimmune diseases via proposed mechanisms suc ...
Robertson et al. 2003 Seminal priming
... when sperm is delivered in the context of seminal plasma. Washed sperm, but not whole semen, was shown to elicit transplantation immunity to paternal skin graft challenge, despite both immunisation events leading to lymph node hypertrophy. Likewise, immunisation with washed sperm but not natural ins ...
... when sperm is delivered in the context of seminal plasma. Washed sperm, but not whole semen, was shown to elicit transplantation immunity to paternal skin graft challenge, despite both immunisation events leading to lymph node hypertrophy. Likewise, immunisation with washed sperm but not natural ins ...
Infections and the role of plasma proteins and platelets
... recognition. In their article the authors also discuss the role of the complement system and of FcγRIIa in bacterial sepsis. They give details on acute kidney and lung injury and show first experimental results and data of clinical studies on the effects of antiplatelet therapy in sepsis. The articl ...
... recognition. In their article the authors also discuss the role of the complement system and of FcγRIIa in bacterial sepsis. They give details on acute kidney and lung injury and show first experimental results and data of clinical studies on the effects of antiplatelet therapy in sepsis. The articl ...
Multiple Mechanisms of Immune Suppression by B
... cells and their molecular products that direct the effector cells of the immune system to either decrease their activity or undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). Active immune suppression can occur despite the presence of antigens, and its mediators are often detectable during acute or chronic ...
... cells and their molecular products that direct the effector cells of the immune system to either decrease their activity or undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis). Active immune suppression can occur despite the presence of antigens, and its mediators are often detectable during acute or chronic ...
Mechanisms of Maternal Immune Tolerance During
... stimulation or inhibition of complement activation. Due to the similarities between pregnancy and tissue or organ transplantation, it has been suggested that appropriate complement inhibition is a requirement for successful pregnancy (Girardi, 2008). Indeed, as complement may be one of the component ...
... stimulation or inhibition of complement activation. Due to the similarities between pregnancy and tissue or organ transplantation, it has been suggested that appropriate complement inhibition is a requirement for successful pregnancy (Girardi, 2008). Indeed, as complement may be one of the component ...
The thymus in 2013: from a `vestigial` organ to immunological self
... receptors interferes with the early stages of T cell differentiation, while one mAb to proinsulin did not exert any significant effect (42). 3. The autoimmune regulator gene/protein (AIRE) controls the degree of intrathymic transcription of the genes encoding neuroendocrine self-peptides (43). 4. In ...
... receptors interferes with the early stages of T cell differentiation, while one mAb to proinsulin did not exert any significant effect (42). 3. The autoimmune regulator gene/protein (AIRE) controls the degree of intrathymic transcription of the genes encoding neuroendocrine self-peptides (43). 4. In ...
Lymphatic System - El Camino College
... A. Function to cleanse the lymph of _________ B. ___________ of lymph nodes include 1. ____________ nodes near jugular veins & carotid arteries 2. _____________ nodes in the armpit 3. ______________ nodes in the superior thigh (groin area) 4. Tracheo___________ nodes in the mediastinum 5. Aortic nod ...
... A. Function to cleanse the lymph of _________ B. ___________ of lymph nodes include 1. ____________ nodes near jugular veins & carotid arteries 2. _____________ nodes in the armpit 3. ______________ nodes in the superior thigh (groin area) 4. Tracheo___________ nodes in the mediastinum 5. Aortic nod ...
Skin Immunity to Candida albicans
... responses. Specifically, the IL-17 cytokine family has been identified to be essential against host defense, driving neutrophil recruitment and antimicrobial peptide production [10]. It has been appreciated that IL-17 can be produced by leukocytes from both the innate [e.g., innate lymphoid cells (ILC ...
... responses. Specifically, the IL-17 cytokine family has been identified to be essential against host defense, driving neutrophil recruitment and antimicrobial peptide production [10]. It has been appreciated that IL-17 can be produced by leukocytes from both the innate [e.g., innate lymphoid cells (ILC ...
Immunology of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
... characteristic structural changes, with collagen deposition under the epithelium that is sometimes described as basement-membrane thickening and is found in all patients with asthma, and thickening of the airway smooth-muscle cell layer as a result of hyperplasia and hypertrophy, which is more commo ...
... characteristic structural changes, with collagen deposition under the epithelium that is sometimes described as basement-membrane thickening and is found in all patients with asthma, and thickening of the airway smooth-muscle cell layer as a result of hyperplasia and hypertrophy, which is more commo ...
INTERPLAY BETWEEN HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND THE
... immune response, whereas MHC class I restricted CD8 T cells are not essential. Further experiments showed the presence of IL-12 (36) and IL-18 (37) in the gastric mucosa. Both of these cytokines are responsible for directing gastric T lymphocytes to Th1 mediated response. Experimental data in animal ...
... immune response, whereas MHC class I restricted CD8 T cells are not essential. Further experiments showed the presence of IL-12 (36) and IL-18 (37) in the gastric mucosa. Both of these cytokines are responsible for directing gastric T lymphocytes to Th1 mediated response. Experimental data in animal ...
Immunological Mechanisms and Natalizumab Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis Natalizumab Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis
... matter, the disease is also denoted by axonal damage and gliosis (Dutta and Trapp 2007). Depending on the size and anatomical localization of the lesion, the clinical result is reduction or loss of the corresponding neurological function. The onset of symptoms is often referred to as a relapse. With ...
... matter, the disease is also denoted by axonal damage and gliosis (Dutta and Trapp 2007). Depending on the size and anatomical localization of the lesion, the clinical result is reduction or loss of the corresponding neurological function. The onset of symptoms is often referred to as a relapse. With ...
Regulatory T cells - TARA
... pathogens, such as rabies virus23, Brugia malayi24 and Mycobacteria tuberculosis25, it was not until the mid 1990s that nomenclature was applied to these cells. Weiner and colleagues demonstrated that the induction of oral tolerance and the prevention of Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases by feeding s ...
... pathogens, such as rabies virus23, Brugia malayi24 and Mycobacteria tuberculosis25, it was not until the mid 1990s that nomenclature was applied to these cells. Weiner and colleagues demonstrated that the induction of oral tolerance and the prevention of Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases by feeding s ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.