Peptides in Neurons and Microglia Inducing the Synthesis of
... response by producing and releasing antimicrobial peptides, cytokines, and chemokines (2). These circulating molecules promote the destruction of the invading bacteria, the permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier, and the recruitment of peripheral leukocytes to the CNS and the activation of thei ...
... response by producing and releasing antimicrobial peptides, cytokines, and chemokines (2). These circulating molecules promote the destruction of the invading bacteria, the permeabilization of the blood-brain barrier, and the recruitment of peripheral leukocytes to the CNS and the activation of thei ...
With Friends Like These: The Complex Role of Neutrophils in the
... the globe. During pulmonary infection, clear resolution of host inflammatory responses occurs in the absence of appreciable lung damage. Neutrophils are the first wave of leukocytes to arrive in the lung upon infection. After activation, neutrophils traffic from the vasculature via transendothelial ...
... the globe. During pulmonary infection, clear resolution of host inflammatory responses occurs in the absence of appreciable lung damage. Neutrophils are the first wave of leukocytes to arrive in the lung upon infection. After activation, neutrophils traffic from the vasculature via transendothelial ...
Capacity of Epstein–Barr virus to infect monocytes and inhibit their
... (Hoffman et al., 1980), specific for the EBV gp350/220 glycoprotein, and CL59 (Molesworth et al., 2000), specific for gH, were purified from culture supernatants of the corresponding hybridoma cell lines. The mAb 5B2, which is specific for gB, was purchased from Virusys. FACS analysis of virus bound ...
... (Hoffman et al., 1980), specific for the EBV gp350/220 glycoprotein, and CL59 (Molesworth et al., 2000), specific for gH, were purified from culture supernatants of the corresponding hybridoma cell lines. The mAb 5B2, which is specific for gB, was purchased from Virusys. FACS analysis of virus bound ...
Antibodies Formerly Known as - Mississippi Valley Regional
... pathways, protecting RBCs from autohemolysis. • Erythrocyte CR1 is important in processing immune complexes by binding them for transport to the liver and spleen for removal from the circulation. • As CR1 binds particles coated with C3b and C4b, it mediates phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes. ...
... pathways, protecting RBCs from autohemolysis. • Erythrocyte CR1 is important in processing immune complexes by binding them for transport to the liver and spleen for removal from the circulation. • As CR1 binds particles coated with C3b and C4b, it mediates phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes. ...
Chapter 17 - People Server at UNCW
... Found on short arm of chromosome 6 Includes about 70 genes Code for cell protein surface features Classified into three functional groups • Class III genes encode plasma proteins that carry out non-specific immune functions • Class I and II genes encode human leukocyte antigens (HLA) ...
... Found on short arm of chromosome 6 Includes about 70 genes Code for cell protein surface features Classified into three functional groups • Class III genes encode plasma proteins that carry out non-specific immune functions • Class I and II genes encode human leukocyte antigens (HLA) ...
Review Article - clinicalevidence
... by gram-positive bacteria. This includes the identification of 1) components in gram-positive bacteria that initiates cytokine production, 2) receptors on host immune cells responsible for recognition of such components, and 3) signaling pathways leading to cytokine production. The discovery a decad ...
... by gram-positive bacteria. This includes the identification of 1) components in gram-positive bacteria that initiates cytokine production, 2) receptors on host immune cells responsible for recognition of such components, and 3) signaling pathways leading to cytokine production. The discovery a decad ...
Mesenchymal Stem Cells
... MSCs. The studies that have been performed can be split into observations following site-directed or systemic administration of cells. Site-directed delivery of MSCs has shown their engraftment in several tissues, particularly after injury. Several groups have used bone marrow cells to repair infarc ...
... MSCs. The studies that have been performed can be split into observations following site-directed or systemic administration of cells. Site-directed delivery of MSCs has shown their engraftment in several tissues, particularly after injury. Several groups have used bone marrow cells to repair infarc ...
How Mycobacterium tuberculosis Manipulates Innate and Adaptive Immunity: New Views of
... inhibit phagosomal maturation is well established, the mechanism by which it causes this effect has not been addressed by many groups. To date, there is no mycobacterial strain, which is specifically deficient in the production of ManLAM, making mechanistic studies difficult. A frequently used model ...
... inhibit phagosomal maturation is well established, the mechanism by which it causes this effect has not been addressed by many groups. To date, there is no mycobacterial strain, which is specifically deficient in the production of ManLAM, making mechanistic studies difficult. A frequently used model ...
Clinical Microbiology
... Serologic tests: A rise in the titer of antibodies to many group A streptococci antigen can be estimated. Of these antibodies the antistreptolysin O (ASO) particularly in respiratory disease can be ...
... Serologic tests: A rise in the titer of antibodies to many group A streptococci antigen can be estimated. Of these antibodies the antistreptolysin O (ASO) particularly in respiratory disease can be ...
Transplant Outcome in Mice Effects of T Cell Frequency and Graft
... mmune-mediated rejection of a transplanted organ involves several discernable steps: activation of donor-reactive lymphocytes within secondary lymphoid organs (1), trafficking of the activated T lymphocytes to the graft (2, 3), re-encounter with the specific ligand at the graft site (4, 5), and elic ...
... mmune-mediated rejection of a transplanted organ involves several discernable steps: activation of donor-reactive lymphocytes within secondary lymphoid organs (1), trafficking of the activated T lymphocytes to the graft (2, 3), re-encounter with the specific ligand at the graft site (4, 5), and elic ...
NK cell development, homeostasis and function: parallels
... lymphoid progenitor (CLP) and require cytokine signals through cytokine receptors that contain the common γ-chain (γc; also known as IL‑2Rγ) for their survival and homeostasis. During infection, both NK cells and CD8+ T cells become activated through antigen-specific receptors and by pro-inflammator ...
... lymphoid progenitor (CLP) and require cytokine signals through cytokine receptors that contain the common γ-chain (γc; also known as IL‑2Rγ) for their survival and homeostasis. During infection, both NK cells and CD8+ T cells become activated through antigen-specific receptors and by pro-inflammator ...
A B - Padis
... activities is direct against superoxide and its downstream metabolites, namely hydrogen peroxide and hypervalent iron, known to be highly toxic for many microbes since some protein complexes, such as NADPH oxidase complex, are recruited and activated into phagosomes to facilitate a rapid anti-micro ...
... activities is direct against superoxide and its downstream metabolites, namely hydrogen peroxide and hypervalent iron, known to be highly toxic for many microbes since some protein complexes, such as NADPH oxidase complex, are recruited and activated into phagosomes to facilitate a rapid anti-micro ...
Lymphatic System
... are lymphoid follicles, which consist of germinal centers of rapidly dividing B cells surrounded by a layer of T cells and other accessory cells. As the lymph continues to ow through the node, it enters the medulla, which consists of medullary cords of B cells and plasma cells, and the medullary si ...
... are lymphoid follicles, which consist of germinal centers of rapidly dividing B cells surrounded by a layer of T cells and other accessory cells. As the lymph continues to ow through the node, it enters the medulla, which consists of medullary cords of B cells and plasma cells, and the medullary si ...
Placental M-CSF, GM-CSF and G-CSF alterations in
... The reduced M-CSF in placenta of IUGR and SFD infants probably reflects poor placental development and function. ...
... The reduced M-CSF in placenta of IUGR and SFD infants probably reflects poor placental development and function. ...
Stimulation of Cytokine Expression by Peripheral Blood
... those induced by CpG-ODN 2395, although the differences were significant only for IL-12p40 and IL-6. ...
... those induced by CpG-ODN 2395, although the differences were significant only for IL-12p40 and IL-6. ...
The Th1-Promoting Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone
... estrogen in pregnancy induce a Th2 dominant immune response which allows tolerance to fetal antigens and successful continuation of pregnancy.7 The abovementioned effects of sex hormones on immune functions explain the sexually dimorphic prevalence of SLE, along with the dramatic increase in disease ...
... estrogen in pregnancy induce a Th2 dominant immune response which allows tolerance to fetal antigens and successful continuation of pregnancy.7 The abovementioned effects of sex hormones on immune functions explain the sexually dimorphic prevalence of SLE, along with the dramatic increase in disease ...
Immunogenicity of Pluripotent Stem Cells and Their
... Identical HLA phenotype is not sufficient to guarantee graft survival. The role of non-HLA histocompatibility antigens such as minor histocompatibility antigens (miHA) in the context of immunological rejection of pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives remains murky. miHAs are peptides derived ...
... Identical HLA phenotype is not sufficient to guarantee graft survival. The role of non-HLA histocompatibility antigens such as minor histocompatibility antigens (miHA) in the context of immunological rejection of pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives remains murky. miHAs are peptides derived ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
... the APC and after forming a complex with a MHC class II molecule, is transported to the cell surface. In the presence of costimulatory signals, T cells recognize the MHC-peptide complex. Peptides recognized by T cells are known as T-cell epitopes. MHC molecules are extremely polymorphic and exhibit ...
... the APC and after forming a complex with a MHC class II molecule, is transported to the cell surface. In the presence of costimulatory signals, T cells recognize the MHC-peptide complex. Peptides recognized by T cells are known as T-cell epitopes. MHC molecules are extremely polymorphic and exhibit ...
Pathogenic biofilm - Holistic Family Dentistry Steven N. Green, DDS
... from the cecum of the large bowel. The design of the human appendix is unique among mammals, and few mammals other than humans have an appendix at all. The function of the human appendix has been a matter of much debate (including its function as an escape-valve for flatus). It is often considered a ...
... from the cecum of the large bowel. The design of the human appendix is unique among mammals, and few mammals other than humans have an appendix at all. The function of the human appendix has been a matter of much debate (including its function as an escape-valve for flatus). It is often considered a ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.