Blood and the Immune System
... WBC that produce antibodies Foreign bodies contain many antigens on their surface. T-cell lymphocytes are produced in bone marrow stored in thymus gland - Seeks out intruder and signals attack B-cell leukocytes are anti-body producing. Each B-cell produces a single type of antibody. Super-antibody-p ...
... WBC that produce antibodies Foreign bodies contain many antigens on their surface. T-cell lymphocytes are produced in bone marrow stored in thymus gland - Seeks out intruder and signals attack B-cell leukocytes are anti-body producing. Each B-cell produces a single type of antibody. Super-antibody-p ...
Immunity L.Saba Abood
... process will quickly return the affected area to normal state. If the neutrophils are overwhelmed, they call for reinforcements by secreting chemical mediators called cytokines which attract more WBCs to the area including monocytes. Inflammation is the body's natural response to an irritation or in ...
... process will quickly return the affected area to normal state. If the neutrophils are overwhelmed, they call for reinforcements by secreting chemical mediators called cytokines which attract more WBCs to the area including monocytes. Inflammation is the body's natural response to an irritation or in ...
Lecture 9 - University of Arizona | Ecology and
... example of responses to pathogens that can kill the ...
... example of responses to pathogens that can kill the ...
Lymphatic System
... – Army of phagocyte (natural killers) to destroy microbes by engulfing or digesting them • Neutrophils, Monocytes (blood) • Dendritic cells (skin) • Macrophages (tissues) – Isolate the infection – Fever – slows down microbe production – Inflammation – released histamines from damaged cells. ...
... – Army of phagocyte (natural killers) to destroy microbes by engulfing or digesting them • Neutrophils, Monocytes (blood) • Dendritic cells (skin) • Macrophages (tissues) – Isolate the infection – Fever – slows down microbe production – Inflammation – released histamines from damaged cells. ...
lec #1 done by Leen AbdelFattah / Slides #1
... Then T cells will leave the thymus through blood vessels to the secondary organs So: education →segregation→ T4 or T8 *lymph nodes: T and B cells come to different zones in secondary organs (slide 29) -activation of the lymphocytes take place near the HEV. *tonsils : noncapsulated, especially import ...
... Then T cells will leave the thymus through blood vessels to the secondary organs So: education →segregation→ T4 or T8 *lymph nodes: T and B cells come to different zones in secondary organs (slide 29) -activation of the lymphocytes take place near the HEV. *tonsils : noncapsulated, especially import ...
The Body`s Defenses
... body cells and fluids • Acquired immunity has two branches: the humoral immune response and the cellmediated immune response • Humoral immune response involves activation and clonal selection of B cells, resulting in production of secreted antibodies • Cell-mediated immune response involves activati ...
... body cells and fluids • Acquired immunity has two branches: the humoral immune response and the cellmediated immune response • Humoral immune response involves activation and clonal selection of B cells, resulting in production of secreted antibodies • Cell-mediated immune response involves activati ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... - For circulating leukocytes to enter inflamed tissue or peripheral lymphoid organs, the cells must adhere to and pass between the endothelial cells lining the walls of blood vessels, a process called extravasation. - Endothelial cells express leukocyte-specific celladhesion molecules (CAM) ...
... - For circulating leukocytes to enter inflamed tissue or peripheral lymphoid organs, the cells must adhere to and pass between the endothelial cells lining the walls of blood vessels, a process called extravasation. - Endothelial cells express leukocyte-specific celladhesion molecules (CAM) ...
The Immune System
... • When "non-self" proteins are encountered, an immune response is mounted to destroy the foreign (non-self) substance. ...
... • When "non-self" proteins are encountered, an immune response is mounted to destroy the foreign (non-self) substance. ...
Differences Between Acute and Chronic Inflammation
... a. Transient vasocontriction upon endothelial a. Macrophages injury i. Circulate as monocytes and reach site of b. Followed by released of cytokines that injury within 24 – 48 hrs and transform promotes vasodilation leads to warmness ii. Activatd by numerous cytokines from the and redness of injured ...
... a. Transient vasocontriction upon endothelial a. Macrophages injury i. Circulate as monocytes and reach site of b. Followed by released of cytokines that injury within 24 – 48 hrs and transform promotes vasodilation leads to warmness ii. Activatd by numerous cytokines from the and redness of injured ...
CfE Higher Human Biology Unit 4 – Immunology and Public Health
... I can state that some T- and B-lymphocytes produced in response to antigens by clonal selection survive long-term as memory cells. A secondary exposure to the same antigen rapidly gives rise to a new clone of lymphocytes producing a rapid and greater immunological response I can describe the transmi ...
... I can state that some T- and B-lymphocytes produced in response to antigens by clonal selection survive long-term as memory cells. A secondary exposure to the same antigen rapidly gives rise to a new clone of lymphocytes producing a rapid and greater immunological response I can describe the transmi ...
11.2 Body`s Lines of Defense
... viruses from entering your body. Includes your skin, cilia and mucus, stomach acids, and secretions like tears, saliva and sweat. ...
... viruses from entering your body. Includes your skin, cilia and mucus, stomach acids, and secretions like tears, saliva and sweat. ...
Specific Immunity POGIL
... The Facts on HIV/AIDS AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) was first recognized in North America in the early 1980s. It is caused by a virus known as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). HIV infection has become a worldwide epidemic. About 33 million people are currently infected with the virus ...
... The Facts on HIV/AIDS AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) was first recognized in North America in the early 1980s. It is caused by a virus known as HIV (human immunodeficiency virus). HIV infection has become a worldwide epidemic. About 33 million people are currently infected with the virus ...
Type IV hypersensitivity
... of intracellular and other pathogens. • If the response is excessive it can damage host tissues • Subsequent exposure of the sensitised individual to the exogenous Ag results in the recruitment of specific T cells to the site and development of a local inflammatory ...
... of intracellular and other pathogens. • If the response is excessive it can damage host tissues • Subsequent exposure of the sensitised individual to the exogenous Ag results in the recruitment of specific T cells to the site and development of a local inflammatory ...
the immune system phagocytosis antibody function
... 1. Phagocyte detects chemicals released by a foreign intruder (e.g. bacteria) 2. Phagocyte moves up the concentration gradient towards the intruder 3. The phagocyte adheres to the foreign cell and engulfs it in a vacuole by an infolding of the cell membrane. 4. Lysosomes (organelles which are rich i ...
... 1. Phagocyte detects chemicals released by a foreign intruder (e.g. bacteria) 2. Phagocyte moves up the concentration gradient towards the intruder 3. The phagocyte adheres to the foreign cell and engulfs it in a vacuole by an infolding of the cell membrane. 4. Lysosomes (organelles which are rich i ...
Immune System
... The pus will continue to form until the infection has ended. Once over, the pus will be cleared away by macrophages (a type of white blood cell). ...
... The pus will continue to form until the infection has ended. Once over, the pus will be cleared away by macrophages (a type of white blood cell). ...
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM - Coast Colleges Home Page
... Barriers – skin, mucous membranes, tears Phagocytes – Neutrophils, Macrophages Natural Killer Cells – lymphocytes that lyse/kill cancer cells & virus-infected cells Proteins – complement & interferon Inflammation – Redness, Heat, Pain, Swelling Fever ...
... Barriers – skin, mucous membranes, tears Phagocytes – Neutrophils, Macrophages Natural Killer Cells – lymphocytes that lyse/kill cancer cells & virus-infected cells Proteins – complement & interferon Inflammation – Redness, Heat, Pain, Swelling Fever ...
Document
... The same compounds are involved in adaptive immune responses (TH1) but probably more ...
... The same compounds are involved in adaptive immune responses (TH1) but probably more ...
Chapter 17 Immune Response
... • T cells do not respond to antigens floating around in the body fluids. • They respond to intracellular antigens. • Antigen has to be processed and presented to the T cells by an antigen presenting cell – macrophage. ...
... • T cells do not respond to antigens floating around in the body fluids. • They respond to intracellular antigens. • Antigen has to be processed and presented to the T cells by an antigen presenting cell – macrophage. ...
Phagocyte
Phagocytes are cells that protect the body by ingesting (phagocytosing) harmful foreign particles, bacteria, and dead or dying cells. Their name comes from the Greek phagein, ""to eat"" or ""devour"", and ""-cyte"", the suffix in biology denoting ""cell"", from the Greek kutos, ""hollow vessel"". They are essential for fighting infections and for subsequent immunity. Phagocytes are important throughout the animal kingdom and are highly developed within vertebrates. One litre of human blood contains about six billion phagocytes. They were first discovered in 1882 by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov while he was studying starfish larvae. Mechnikov was awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery. Phagocytes occur in many species; some amoebae behave like macrophage phagocytes, which suggests that phagocytes appeared early in the evolution of life.Phagocytes of humans and other animals are called ""professional"" or ""non-professional"" depending on how effective they are at phagocytosis. The professional phagocytes include many types of white blood cells (such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells). The main difference between professional and non-professional phagocytes is that the professional phagocytes have molecules called receptors on their surfaces that can detect harmful objects, such as bacteria, that are not normally found in the body. Phagocytes are crucial in fighting infections, as well as in maintaining healthy tissues by removing dead and dying cells that have reached the end of their lifespan.During an infection, chemical signals attract phagocytes to places where the pathogen has invaded the body. These chemicals may come from bacteria or from other phagocytes already present. The phagocytes move by a method called chemotaxis. When phagocytes come into contact with bacteria, the receptors on the phagocyte's surface will bind to them. This binding will lead to the engulfing of the bacteria by the phagocyte. Some phagocytes kill the ingested pathogen with oxidants and nitric oxide. After phagocytosis, macrophages and dendritic cells can also participate in antigen presentation, a process in which a phagocyte moves parts of the ingested material back to its surface. This material is then displayed to other cells of the immune system. Some phagocytes then travel to the body's lymph nodes and display the material to white blood cells called lymphocytes. This process is important in building immunity, and many pathogens have evolved methods to evade attacks by phagocytes.