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Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2

... together, these findings implicate STAT2 as a novel regulator of DRP1 phosphorylation at serine 616, and thus of mitochondrial fission, and suggest that there are interactions between immunity and mitochondria. This is the first study to link the innate immune system to mitochondrial dynamics and morph ...
Mediated by Heat Shock Factor-1 (HSF1) Protective Stress
Mediated by Heat Shock Factor-1 (HSF1) Protective Stress

... T cells were purified from spleen and lymph nodes using anti-CD3 magnetic beads and the autoMACS (Miltenyi Biotec). For proliferation assays, 2 ⫻ 105 T cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS, 1 mM glutamine, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 1⫻ MEM nonessential amino acids, 50 ␮M 2-ME ...
in MUC1-Transgenic Mice Cells CD8 T Cells by Dendritic/Tumor
in MUC1-Transgenic Mice Cells CD8 T Cells by Dendritic/Tumor

... here are two different pathways for Ag presentation (1). Endogenously synthesized proteins, such as that in viral infections, are processed and presented through the MHC class I-restricted pathway to CTL (2). In contrast, exogenous proteins from the extracellular environment are processed and displa ...
The Janus face of immunity : how anti-tumor
The Janus face of immunity : how anti-tumor

... To cite this version: Christina Gebauer. The Janus face of immunity : how anti-tumor immunity leads to autoimmunity in paraneoplastic neurological diseases. Immunology. Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2016. English. . ...
CCR5 limits cortical viral loads during West Nile virus infection of the
CCR5 limits cortical viral loads during West Nile virus infection of the

... chemotactic, heparin binding, secreted proteins with their target cell specificity conferred by pertussis toxin (PTX) sensitive, Gαi-coupled seven transmembrane glycoprotein chemokine receptors. Of interest, CXCL12 and its receptors are believed to most resemble the ancestral chemokine-receptor pair ...
Hemocompatibility of medical devices, blood products
Hemocompatibility of medical devices, blood products

... receptors). Binding of C-activation byproducts, C3a and C5a to these receptors can trigger essentially the same intracellular signal cascade that is activated upon the engagement of allergen to membrane-bound IgE, leading to the release of a battery of secondary vasoactive mediators (so called “alle ...
File - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research
File - Indian Institute of Toxicology Research

... scavenger receptor mediated endocytic pathways. In yet another interesting observation, we discovered that recognition of ZNPs by toll-like receptors (TLRs) on macrophage surface played an important role in the initiation of inflammatory responses. TLRs are an integral part of innate defense system ...
Review - American Physiological Society
Review - American Physiological Society

... Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis Sergio A. Jimenez, MD, and Chris T. Derk, MD ...
Cytokine responses in metal-induced allergic contact in  Jacob Taku Minang
Cytokine responses in metal-induced allergic contact in Jacob Taku Minang

... potentially dangerous substances. These cells are thought to recognise particular highly conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns or PAMP’s (e.g carbohydrate structures such as lypopolysaccharides; LPS) present on many different microorganisms (reviewed in Franc et al., 1999; Teixeira et al. ...
Galen B - Michigan Medicine
Galen B - Michigan Medicine

... Program, “Lactobacillus-Candida Interactions: Biology and Mechanisms.” Principal Investigator 1/01/03-12/31/04, ($40,000) Francis Families Foundation, Parker B. Francis Pulmonary Fellowship Mentor (Timothy Traynor, PhD, fellow) 7/1/00-6/31/03 $120,000 [Transferred on 6/15/01 because Dr. Traynor acce ...
Localization of Receptors for Vasoactive Intestinal
Localization of Receptors for Vasoactive Intestinal

... peripheral organs provide an environment in which mature T and B lymphocytes can interact with each other, with accessory cells, and with antigens to generate cellular and humoral immune responses, whereas central lymphoid organs are major sites of lymphopoiesis. The structural organization of the v ...
All Activated CD8 T Cells A Transgenic Mouse Model Genetically Tags
All Activated CD8 T Cells A Transgenic Mouse Model Genetically Tags

... comprised of two transgenic mouse lines; one has a truncated human granzyme B promoter driving the expression of Cre recombinase (GBC) in activated T cells, and the other has a T cellspecific human CD2 promoter driving the expression of a lox-Pflanked transcriptional truncated yeast His3 gene and po ...
Phase IIa study of single-agent MOR208 in patients
Phase IIa study of single-agent MOR208 in patients

... broadly expressed of the selective B-cell markers, and is highly expressed in most B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (NHLs).1,2 Consequently, a CD19 antibody may have clinical utility as a new therapeutic approach to NHL treatment. MOR208 is an Fc-engineered humanized monoclonal antibody that targets C ...
Perforin activates clathrin- and dynamin
Perforin activates clathrin- and dynamin

... Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells eliminate virus-infected cells and tumors by releasing the contents of cytotoxic granules into the immunologic synapse formed with the target cell.1,2 The granule mediators of cell death, serine proteases known as granzymes (Gzms), are del ...
Reactive And Enteropathic Arthritis
Reactive And Enteropathic Arthritis

... cells kill Salmonella less efficiently than do control cells. Second, LPS stimulation results in a more pronounced increase in nuclear factor KB activation and TNF secretion in HLA-B27 positive cells. This phenomenon of more permissive intracellular replication of Salmonella might depend on the uniq ...
Subretinal space and vitreous cavity as immunologically
Subretinal space and vitreous cavity as immunologically

... the anatomic site of implantation. Although histocompatibility antigens (known to be potent inducers of systemic immunity) are normally expressed sparsely in the neural retina and other neural tissue, the expression of such molecules is upregulated after transplantation.2 We have demonstrated in mic ...


... such as cancer tissues, food, and intestinal microbiota. Because polyamines are indispensable for cell growth, increased polyamine availability enhances cell growth. However, the malignant potential of cancer is determined by its capability to invade to surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant ...
I. Blood and Blood Cells
I. Blood and Blood Cells

... 1. The ABO blood group is based on the presence or absence of antigen A and antigen B on RBC membranes. 2. A person with only antigen A has type A blood. 3. A person with only antigen B has type B blood. 4. A person with both antigen A and antigen B has type AB blood. 5. A person with neither antige ...
cross-talk between human nk cells and macrophages
cross-talk between human nk cells and macrophages

... receptors expression and degranulation ability (CD107a assay) of NK cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. IFN-γ production by NK cells was quantified by RT-PCR and ELISA. Then, the effect of NK cell-derived IFN-γ on macrophage polarization was assessed. Gene expression of markers, cytokines and ch ...
The Host Defense of Drosophila melanogaster
The Host Defense of Drosophila melanogaster

Locusts increase carbohydrate consumption to protect against a
Locusts increase carbohydrate consumption to protect against a

... et al., 2009; Smilanich et al., 2011), known as ‘‘therapeutic medication’’ (de Roode and Lefevre, 2012). Therapeutic self-medication does not necessarily rely on the consumption of chemical substances, but may also be facilitated through the interaction between nutrition and physiological immune res ...
Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen Bound by Neutralizing Antibodies *
Bacillus anthracis Protective Antigen Bound by Neutralizing Antibodies *

... PA is the component of the currently licensed anthrax vaccine that elicits protective antibodies. Recent studies have demonstrated that a strong humoral response to truncated recombinant PA contributes to a protective immune response to anthrax (3, 4). Accordingly, there is considerable interest in ...
Immunological studies on Swine Influenza Virus in  Massimiliano Baratelli
Immunological studies on Swine Influenza Virus in Massimiliano Baratelli

... cells epitope; however, in pigs this has just recently been introduced and thus just few tools were available. The main aim of this work was to identify T cells epitopes in SwIV to be used in rationally designed vaccines. For this purpose, the following studies were performed. Surveillance of SwIV i ...
requirements for memory b cell and long lived plasma cell
requirements for memory b cell and long lived plasma cell

... Successful activation of the adaptive immune response results in long-term immunological memory, which protects against re-infection. Memory B and T cells are longlived, antigen-specific cells with the capacity to mount rapid and expanded responses upon secondary exposure to antigens or pathogens [1 ...
Competition Causes Interclonal Salmonella Attenuated Cells during
Competition Causes Interclonal Salmonella Attenuated Cells during

... Although the Ag specificity of the endogenous CD4 response to Salmonella is unknown, we hypothesized that most target Ags would be present in a HKST Ag preparation. C57BL/6 mice were therefore vaccinated with live attenuated Salmonella and, 1 wk later, some mice were injected with HKST. Two hours af ...
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Immunomics

Immunomics is the study of immune system regulation and response to pathogens using genome-wide approaches. With the rise of genomic and proteomic technologies, scientists have been able to visualize biological networks and infer interrelationships between genes and/or proteins; recently, these technologies have been used to help better understand how the immune system functions and how it is regulated. Two thirds of the genome is active in one or more immune cell types and less than 1% of genes are uniquely expressed in a given type of cell. Therefore, it is critical that the expression patterns of these immune cell types be deciphered in the context of a network, and not as an individual, so that their roles be correctly characterized and related to one another. Defects of the immune system such as autoimmune diseases, immunodeficiency, and malignancies can benefit from genomic insights on pathological processes. For example, analyzing the systematic variation of gene expression can relate these patterns with specific diseases and gene networks important for immune functions.Traditionally, scientists studying the immune system have had to search for antigens on an individual basis and identify the protein sequence of these antigens (“epitopes”) that would stimulate an immune response. This procedure required that antigens be isolated from whole cells, digested into smaller fragments, and tested against T- and B-cells to observe T- and B- cell responses. These classical approaches could only visualize this system as a static condition and required a large amount of time and labor.Immunomics has made this approach easier by its ability to look at the immune system as a whole and characterize it as a dynamic model. It has revealed that some of the immune system’s most distinguishing features are the continuous motility, turnover, and plasticity of its constituent cells. In addition, current genomic technologies, like microarrays, can capture immune system gene expression over time and can trace interactions of microorganisms with cells of the innate immune system. New, proteomic approaches, including T-cell and B-cells-epitope mapping, can also accelerate the pace at which scientists discover antibody-antigen relationships.
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