• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Name: :___________Date
Name: :___________Date

... Name:_________________________Period:___________Date:______________ Google: “biology interactive” and choose: “life organization” and view animation. List the steps of organization in order from smallest to largest and an example of each. CELLS ALIVE ...
Polyacrylamide gels
Polyacrylamide gels

... starting position when enter separating gel. Proteins gel squished between “leading” and “trailing” ions in the gels make with different buffers – Resolving gel- higher % used to separate proteins, a pH change makes ions from the stacking gel move past the proteins and the proteins are no longer squ ...
Exporter la page en pdf
Exporter la page en pdf

... an inducible null phenotype rapidly after auxin addition. The AID system is shown to be capable of controlling the stability of AID-tagged proteins that are in either nuclear or cytoplasmic compartments and even when incorporated into protein complexes. Induced degradation occurs rapidly after addit ...
Document
Document

... that typical Y2H screens detect only 25% or so of all interactions in an interactome. ...
DNA WebQuest - kruegerscience
DNA WebQuest - kruegerscience

... 19. What are the three regions of a gene? ______________________________ 20. What does RNA polymerase do? _________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 21. Describe the transcription process in terms of the three regions of the gene. ________ ______________ ...
Revealing the Genetic Code
Revealing the Genetic Code

... Revealing the Genetic Code Protein Synthesis ...
Ribosomes - Protein Construction Teams
Ribosomes - Protein Construction Teams

... A ribosome is not just one piece. There are two pieces or subunits. Scientists named them 60-S (large) and 40-S (small). When the cell needs to make protein, mRNA is created in the nucleus. The mRNA is then sent into the cell and the ribosomes. When it is time to make the protein, the two subunits c ...
Protein Synthesis
Protein Synthesis

... Click on the picture to see a video. ...
Proteins and amino acids
Proteins and amino acids

... Structure and function – Active sites  Active site: amino acids in this site have an ...
A1989R818600002
A1989R818600002

... peptide was shown as somehow squeezing success ofthis CkMion C1~. As for a moral, tiwougli a likewise hydro,a&iubic munthrane, I guess that the story underlines the wellending up, after cleavage, as a freely soluble documented importance of Ignorance and peptide in the lumen of the EL French in all ...
Catalysis - University of California, Davis
Catalysis - University of California, Davis

... at keeping opposite charges apart. Dielectric constants of water-miscible solvents: Glycerol ...
rubric
rubric

... Cells in the Funnies For your culminating assessment, you will be responsible for creating a comic strip to illustrate the path a newly made protein must follow from assembly to use outside of the cell. The comic strip must contain at least 8 frames and appropriate captions. You may choose to color ...
A quantitative analysis to unveil specific binding proteins for
A quantitative analysis to unveil specific binding proteins for

... From: A quantitative analysis to unveil specific binding proteins for bioactive compounds Protein Eng Des Sel. 2012;26(4):249-254. doi:10.1093/protein/gzs103 Protein Eng Des Sel | © The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.p ...
Protein Degradation As discussed in last the last lecture, newly
Protein Degradation As discussed in last the last lecture, newly

... life is not always perfect in the ER: proteins may turn out to have mutations that prevent proper folding, or poisonous compounds may inhibit glycosylation. Similarly, some of the proteins in the cytoplasm may also be misfolded, or damaged by oxygen radicals or other compounds, and aggregate. If all ...
Proteins
Proteins

... 20 different amino acids are found as part of proteins (8 amino acids are essential because they cannot be made by people) The 20 amino acids can be linked together in any sequence whatsoever, and in chains of varying lengths. This explains why there are so many proteins. A chain of amino acids is c ...
Document
Document

... • HUMFMR1S is not atypical: 17 exons 40-60 bp long, comprising 3% of a 67,000 bp gene ...
Bio4751signaltransductionTechniques
Bio4751signaltransductionTechniques

... Techniques to know to understand signal transduction 1. Southern- Detect DNA only 2. Northern- Detect RNA 3. Microarray- Detect RNA of 100s of expressed genes 4. RT-PCR ( Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction- to detect RNA) 5. Western (Immunoblot)- Detect protein 6. Immunostaining- Detec ...
Q24 Compare and contrast peptide and steroid hormones. Give four
Q24 Compare and contrast peptide and steroid hormones. Give four

... then  cleaved  in  the  endoplasmic  reticulum  to   form  prohormones,  and  then  cleaved  in  storage   vesicles  to  form  active  fragments  (hormones)   Storage   In  secretory  vesicles   Minimal  storage  of  the  hormone  itself,   ...
Presentation
Presentation

... deficiency/resistance syndrome is the presumed mechanism.  It is unclear as to why L-asparaginase targets insulin, insulin receptors, thyroid binding protein and albumin synthesis but not other proteins such as glucagon. ...
TERTIARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS
TERTIARY STRUCTURE OF PROTEINS

... Myohemerythrin, cytichrome c’,ferritin, coat protein of TMV ...
Supplement_2_-_PLoS_
Supplement_2_-_PLoS_

... It is highly homologous to the previously described cytosolic enzyme (TrxR1), including the conserved active site CVNVGC and the FAD-binding and NADPH-binding domains. ...
Press Release, January 11, 2016 Why nerve cells die
Press Release, January 11, 2016 Why nerve cells die

... Scientists in the lab of Prof. Hartl, a world-renowned expert on protein folding, have demonstrated that the location of the aggregates determines the fate of the nerve cells. Together with Konstanze Winklhofer and Jörg Tatzelt from the Ruhr-University Bochum, the researchers have expressed artifici ...
A Gene Coexpression Network for Global Discovery of Conserved
A Gene Coexpression Network for Global Discovery of Conserved

... ► Would the multi-species network be as useful for species that are more closely related? ► Gene orthology is based on protein sequence similarity. Does sequence conservation equate to conserved function? ► Are 12 clusters of meta-genes sufficient to hypothesize function for 3416 metagenes? ► How ca ...
The Molecular Study and Sequence Analysis of Wdhn13 (LEA
The Molecular Study and Sequence Analysis of Wdhn13 (LEA

... LEA proteins in wheat and cotton were identified and discussed as the first report in late embryonic proteins. Public classification for more LEA genes was inferred from the structure of the protein domain or chemically derived characters. Bioinformatics methods in genome research methods are useful ...
Biochem Review
Biochem Review

... 8. They are ___________ - they can be used over, and over again because they are not destroyed and their shape does not change 9. They are ____________ - SHAPE MATTERS!! 10. What is the function of enzymes in biological systems? Why are they necessary for all biochemical reactions? 11. Explain why e ...
< 1 ... 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 ... 456 >

Protein moonlighting



Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report