Objectives 23 - u.arizona.edu
... - enzymes are effective biological catalysts bring reactants together in optimal orientation - catalysts speed up reaction by stabilizing transition state between reactants and products lower activation energy for reaction; catalysts not consumed - enzymes are highly specific for substrates; one ...
... - enzymes are effective biological catalysts bring reactants together in optimal orientation - catalysts speed up reaction by stabilizing transition state between reactants and products lower activation energy for reaction; catalysts not consumed - enzymes are highly specific for substrates; one ...
Hypothesis for the evolutionary origin of the chloroplast ribosomal
... Gray 1989), the slightly lower divergence observed between S12 of E. coli and Marchantia may be due to stochastic variation in rate; indeed, many comparisons involving Marchantia cpDNA-encoded r-proteins show lower values of divergence than their counterparts from other species (Christopher and Hall ...
... Gray 1989), the slightly lower divergence observed between S12 of E. coli and Marchantia may be due to stochastic variation in rate; indeed, many comparisons involving Marchantia cpDNA-encoded r-proteins show lower values of divergence than their counterparts from other species (Christopher and Hall ...
Communique of GTTAC Meeting 18 September 2003 and 28
... Liberty® cotton is tolerant to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium (also called phosphinothricin), the active constituent of herbicides Basta® and Liberty® (hence the name Liberty® cotton). It is expected that use of Liberty® cotton plants will allow more effective weed control in cotton crops by all ...
... Liberty® cotton is tolerant to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium (also called phosphinothricin), the active constituent of herbicides Basta® and Liberty® (hence the name Liberty® cotton). It is expected that use of Liberty® cotton plants will allow more effective weed control in cotton crops by all ...
Ammonium Dodecyl Sulfate as an Alternative to Sodium Dodecyl
... techniques obviously add an undesirable step for MALDI analysis. The sample-cleaning step can result in protein loss, especially for hydrophobic or membrane proteins.16,17 An alternative approach is to develop new surfactants that have properties similar to those of SDS but will be MS-compatible. Fo ...
... techniques obviously add an undesirable step for MALDI analysis. The sample-cleaning step can result in protein loss, especially for hydrophobic or membrane proteins.16,17 An alternative approach is to develop new surfactants that have properties similar to those of SDS but will be MS-compatible. Fo ...
Communique of GTTAC Meeting 18 September 2003 and 28
... Liberty® cotton is tolerant to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium (also called phosphinothricin), the active constituent of herbicides Basta® and Liberty® (hence the name Liberty® cotton). It is expected that use of Liberty® cotton plants will allow more effective weed control in cotton crops by all ...
... Liberty® cotton is tolerant to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium (also called phosphinothricin), the active constituent of herbicides Basta® and Liberty® (hence the name Liberty® cotton). It is expected that use of Liberty® cotton plants will allow more effective weed control in cotton crops by all ...
Prof. Kamakaka`s Lecture 5 Notes
... Looking at RBC by the naked eye- the heterozygote will be like the homozygote. We have discussed pea shape, flower and eye color, Morphology as phenotypes. These are all properties that are easily visualized. ...
... Looking at RBC by the naked eye- the heterozygote will be like the homozygote. We have discussed pea shape, flower and eye color, Morphology as phenotypes. These are all properties that are easily visualized. ...
Dual targeting of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to the mitochondrion
... In plants, many nucleus-encoded proteins are targeted to both mitochondria and plastids, and this process is generally mediated by ambiguous N-terminal targeting sequences that are recognized by receptors on both organelles. In many algae, however, plastids were acquired by secondarily engulfing gre ...
... In plants, many nucleus-encoded proteins are targeted to both mitochondria and plastids, and this process is generally mediated by ambiguous N-terminal targeting sequences that are recognized by receptors on both organelles. In many algae, however, plastids were acquired by secondarily engulfing gre ...
Lineage-specific proteins essential for endocytosis in trypanosomes
... system and acquisition of the mitochondrion (Martin et al., 2015). Following emergence of a true eukaryotic cell, the lineage rapidly diversified into multiple kingdoms or supergroups, represented for example by plants, animals, fungi, amoeba and many protist lineages. The ~1.5 billion year period s ...
... system and acquisition of the mitochondrion (Martin et al., 2015). Following emergence of a true eukaryotic cell, the lineage rapidly diversified into multiple kingdoms or supergroups, represented for example by plants, animals, fungi, amoeba and many protist lineages. The ~1.5 billion year period s ...
Two Plant–Viral Movement Proteins Traffic in the
... plasmodesmata in the absence of TGB2. TGB3 contains a putative Tyr-based sorting motif, mutations in which abolished ER localization and plasmodesmatal targeting. Later in the expression cycle, both fusion proteins were incorporated into vesicular structures. TGB2 associated with these structures on ...
... plasmodesmata in the absence of TGB2. TGB3 contains a putative Tyr-based sorting motif, mutations in which abolished ER localization and plasmodesmatal targeting. Later in the expression cycle, both fusion proteins were incorporated into vesicular structures. TGB2 associated with these structures on ...
Isoform-Specific Mutations in the Caenorhabditis elegans
... patterning functions, the specification of second larval stage lineages. A temporal expression difference between LIN-14A and LIN-14B1/B2 is not responsible for the stage-specific phenotype: protein levels of all LIN-14 isoforms are high in early first larval stage animals and decrease during the fi ...
... patterning functions, the specification of second larval stage lineages. A temporal expression difference between LIN-14A and LIN-14B1/B2 is not responsible for the stage-specific phenotype: protein levels of all LIN-14 isoforms are high in early first larval stage animals and decrease during the fi ...
Module 6: Enzymatic Function
... the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme (the name we suspect Ksed_00020 should have) are indicated by the arrows. This image shows a process rather than a true metabolic pathway, and not all organisms my have every gene product shown in a KEGG map for every pathway, process or structure. If the gene you a ...
... the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme (the name we suspect Ksed_00020 should have) are indicated by the arrows. This image shows a process rather than a true metabolic pathway, and not all organisms my have every gene product shown in a KEGG map for every pathway, process or structure. If the gene you a ...
FOXP2 in focus: what can genes tell us about speech and language?
... regions of genes and modulate their transcription levels, thereby ultimately influencing the relative abundances of other proteins in the cell. Overall, the system enables the cells of an organism to dramatically diversify their morphology and function by modifying the levels of expression of differ ...
... regions of genes and modulate their transcription levels, thereby ultimately influencing the relative abundances of other proteins in the cell. Overall, the system enables the cells of an organism to dramatically diversify their morphology and function by modifying the levels of expression of differ ...
Enzymes
... body. This is called "metabolism." Metabolism is divided into two functions: anabolism (for synthesis of cell material) and catabolism (for the decomposition of cell material). These reactions would be very slow unless assisted by proteins orchestrated by enzymes. Without enzymes the entire concept ...
... body. This is called "metabolism." Metabolism is divided into two functions: anabolism (for synthesis of cell material) and catabolism (for the decomposition of cell material). These reactions would be very slow unless assisted by proteins orchestrated by enzymes. Without enzymes the entire concept ...
Saito et al, 2009 - The EMBO Journal
... complex binds Sar1 by direct interaction of Sec23 with Sar1GTP. This forms the first of two layers of coat proteins on the cytoplasmic surface of the ER (Bi et al, 2002). In this prebudding complex, Sec24 is thought to be key for the binding and concentration of transmembrane (TM) cargoes that conta ...
... complex binds Sar1 by direct interaction of Sec23 with Sar1GTP. This forms the first of two layers of coat proteins on the cytoplasmic surface of the ER (Bi et al, 2002). In this prebudding complex, Sec24 is thought to be key for the binding and concentration of transmembrane (TM) cargoes that conta ...
Ribosome stalls at trp codons, allowing 2+3 pairing Transcription
... Coordinate regulation of genes involved in similar functions ...
... Coordinate regulation of genes involved in similar functions ...
Patients - HAL
... Among the 13 sequence changes that we are reporting, the c.730_731delATinsG presumably severily impairs the peropsin function. This deletion/insertion will cause the truncation of the 94 C-terminal amino acids, that is 27.9 % of the protein. Thus, the alteration deletes the last 2 transmembrane span ...
... Among the 13 sequence changes that we are reporting, the c.730_731delATinsG presumably severily impairs the peropsin function. This deletion/insertion will cause the truncation of the 94 C-terminal amino acids, that is 27.9 % of the protein. Thus, the alteration deletes the last 2 transmembrane span ...
Identification of a New Protein Localized at Sites of Cell
... cells make close contact with a substrate or another cell have been referred to as adherens junctions. Collectively these junctions share much structural and biochemical homology and represent regions of the cell membrane specialized for interaction with actin filaments (14, 17, 35). As such, they p ...
... cells make close contact with a substrate or another cell have been referred to as adherens junctions. Collectively these junctions share much structural and biochemical homology and represent regions of the cell membrane specialized for interaction with actin filaments (14, 17, 35). As such, they p ...
Prediction of Anti-parallel and Parallel Beta
... amino acids, and length distribution [Baldi et al, 2000]. These statistics are then fed into a bi-directional recurrent neural networks(BRNN). Their experiments on 836 protein sequences shows an accuracy of 84%. Although the numbers are very encouraging, the data sets they used are very unbalanced s ...
... amino acids, and length distribution [Baldi et al, 2000]. These statistics are then fed into a bi-directional recurrent neural networks(BRNN). Their experiments on 836 protein sequences shows an accuracy of 84%. Although the numbers are very encouraging, the data sets they used are very unbalanced s ...
The patterns of extracellular protein formation by spontaneously
... control element which had a pleiotropic effect on the production of a number of exoproteins. This finding was confirmed by Jargon et al. [3] who showed a similar effect exerted at the level of transcription which was growth-rate dependent. These data supported the conclusion that a key factor in the ...
... control element which had a pleiotropic effect on the production of a number of exoproteins. This finding was confirmed by Jargon et al. [3] who showed a similar effect exerted at the level of transcription which was growth-rate dependent. These data supported the conclusion that a key factor in the ...
吴冬茵
... Remote homology detection: A central problem in computational biology, the classification of proteins into functional and structural classes given their amino acid sequences Discriminative method such as SVM is one of the most effective methods Explicit feature are usually large and noise data ...
... Remote homology detection: A central problem in computational biology, the classification of proteins into functional and structural classes given their amino acid sequences Discriminative method such as SVM is one of the most effective methods Explicit feature are usually large and noise data ...
Document
... false gene mentions • Ex. The purpose of this study was to investigate the black gene, and protein…; Screening a cDNA library prepared from silk-producing glands of the black widow spider… • Only use contextual features because the term/phrase already matches a gene name – Can also solve the problem ...
... false gene mentions • Ex. The purpose of this study was to investigate the black gene, and protein…; Screening a cDNA library prepared from silk-producing glands of the black widow spider… • Only use contextual features because the term/phrase already matches a gene name – Can also solve the problem ...
Protein 4.1, a component of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton and
... membrane skeleton. Therefore the final effect of this process is a marked decrease in the mechanical stability of the erythrocyte membrane [78]. Protein 4.1 also interacts with glycophorin C and protein p55 [37, 80, 96]. These three protein interactions, glycophorin C-protein 4.1, glycophorin C-p55 ...
... membrane skeleton. Therefore the final effect of this process is a marked decrease in the mechanical stability of the erythrocyte membrane [78]. Protein 4.1 also interacts with glycophorin C and protein p55 [37, 80, 96]. These three protein interactions, glycophorin C-protein 4.1, glycophorin C-p55 ...
Evolution of an atypical de-epoxidase for photoprotection in the
... Figure 3 | Subcellular localization of CrCVDE proteins expressed in Chlamydomonas and Arabidopsis. a, Immunoblot analysis of total cell (T), membrane (M) and soluble (S) fractions of Chlamydomonas strains. The FLAG-tagged CrCVDE protein is detected in the membrane fraction and not in the soluble fra ...
... Figure 3 | Subcellular localization of CrCVDE proteins expressed in Chlamydomonas and Arabidopsis. a, Immunoblot analysis of total cell (T), membrane (M) and soluble (S) fractions of Chlamydomonas strains. The FLAG-tagged CrCVDE protein is detected in the membrane fraction and not in the soluble fra ...
Outsmart Cancer, Eliminate Poisonous Toxins, Boost Antioxidant
... feed and build muscle tissue. Approximately one third of muscle tissue is composed of branched chain amino acids. The body requires higher amounts of BCAA during and following exercise, because they are taken up directly by the skeletal muscles, versus first being metabolized through the liver, like ...
... feed and build muscle tissue. Approximately one third of muscle tissue is composed of branched chain amino acids. The body requires higher amounts of BCAA during and following exercise, because they are taken up directly by the skeletal muscles, versus first being metabolized through the liver, like ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.