Euthanasia - Routledge
... Do we own our own bodies and our lives? If we do own our own bodies, does that give us the right to do whatever we want with them? ◦ Isn’t it cruel to let people suffer pointlessly? ...
... Do we own our own bodies and our lives? If we do own our own bodies, does that give us the right to do whatever we want with them? ◦ Isn’t it cruel to let people suffer pointlessly? ...
Ethics
... Study of Ethics Process of determining what is and is not a reasonable standard of moral conduct. Process of problem-solving to resolve situations in which there is actual or potential harm to an individual or group. ...
... Study of Ethics Process of determining what is and is not a reasonable standard of moral conduct. Process of problem-solving to resolve situations in which there is actual or potential harm to an individual or group. ...
An Introduction to the Search of the Good: A Catholic Understanding
... we look at Ethics and Morality we tend to look at them as a series of do’s and don’ts imposed onto us by an outside authority. ► We may feel as these obligations may infringe our personal freedoms and responsibilities which we may come to resent. ...
... we look at Ethics and Morality we tend to look at them as a series of do’s and don’ts imposed onto us by an outside authority. ► We may feel as these obligations may infringe our personal freedoms and responsibilities which we may come to resent. ...
Moral Discourse
... The objective of this 10 slide presentation is to: Identify “roadblocks” to moral discourse. Give your “roadblock” in class Evaluate the content of the moral discourse in a discussion with other students 1. Let’s study this presentation in “Slide Show”. 2. At the end of the presentation there ...
... The objective of this 10 slide presentation is to: Identify “roadblocks” to moral discourse. Give your “roadblock” in class Evaluate the content of the moral discourse in a discussion with other students 1. Let’s study this presentation in “Slide Show”. 2. At the end of the presentation there ...
Set 6: Kantian Ethics
... The Categorical Imperative offers a way to doing the right thing by asking, “What if everyone did it?” By universalizing moral reasoning, Kant thought we’d all do what’s best. The Humanitarian Principle underscored the importance of not just using others for our ends. Kant saw the individual more im ...
... The Categorical Imperative offers a way to doing the right thing by asking, “What if everyone did it?” By universalizing moral reasoning, Kant thought we’d all do what’s best. The Humanitarian Principle underscored the importance of not just using others for our ends. Kant saw the individual more im ...
Happiness
... Aristotle – those characteristics that aid and perfect our ability to think, contemplate, and reflect – are not virtues, said Augustine. Only those characteristics that aid and perfect our ability to love God, ourselves, and our neighbor (faith, hope, and love) are virtues. ...
... Aristotle – those characteristics that aid and perfect our ability to think, contemplate, and reflect – are not virtues, said Augustine. Only those characteristics that aid and perfect our ability to love God, ourselves, and our neighbor (faith, hope, and love) are virtues. ...
Business Ethics
... • Assess gain over harm (pleasure/pain) • General happiness, not individual • Mill adds altruism and concern for others to Bentham’s pleasure/pain • Mill adds rules which create general welfare based on past experience www.philosophicalinvestigations.co. uk ...
... • Assess gain over harm (pleasure/pain) • General happiness, not individual • Mill adds altruism and concern for others to Bentham’s pleasure/pain • Mill adds rules which create general welfare based on past experience www.philosophicalinvestigations.co. uk ...
I. Ethical Systems: An ethical system is….
... An ethical system is the source of one’s moral beliefs and the underlying set of rules from which we make judgments. Once developed, an ethical system is considered a fundamental truth by its owner. Baelz suggests that ethical systems demand or proscribe certain behavior, are authoritative, apply un ...
... An ethical system is the source of one’s moral beliefs and the underlying set of rules from which we make judgments. Once developed, an ethical system is considered a fundamental truth by its owner. Baelz suggests that ethical systems demand or proscribe certain behavior, are authoritative, apply un ...
Ethical Systems
... right action itself (? or possibly whatever results from the actions (for most consequentialists, states of affairs brought about by of good maximum happiness or something right action? or states of affairs in people? happiness? acquisition similar) which people who act rightly are of goods internal ...
... right action itself (? or possibly whatever results from the actions (for most consequentialists, states of affairs brought about by of good maximum happiness or something right action? or states of affairs in people? happiness? acquisition similar) which people who act rightly are of goods internal ...
Constitutional Law - Mercer University
... The rightness or wrongness of an action is based on the consequences or effects of the action The goal of a consequentialist is to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number ...
... The rightness or wrongness of an action is based on the consequences or effects of the action The goal of a consequentialist is to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number ...
meta-ethics - WordPress.com
... Also, relativism says that the social group you belong to determines morality. But ask yourself, to which social group do I belong? Answer, you belong to many groups. Finally, some might say that relativism is valid because we should have tolerance and respect other people’s practices and beliefs. B ...
... Also, relativism says that the social group you belong to determines morality. But ask yourself, to which social group do I belong? Answer, you belong to many groups. Finally, some might say that relativism is valid because we should have tolerance and respect other people’s practices and beliefs. B ...
Slide 1
... 1. they lack a motivational component and morality is reactive. 2. they are founded on a theological-legal model that is no longer appropriate. 3. they ignore the spiritual dimension of life and morality is just calculation. 4. they overemphasize the principle of autonomy and neglect the communal co ...
... 1. they lack a motivational component and morality is reactive. 2. they are founded on a theological-legal model that is no longer appropriate. 3. they ignore the spiritual dimension of life and morality is just calculation. 4. they overemphasize the principle of autonomy and neglect the communal co ...
Ethical Relativism
... principles/codes is equally correct. Diplomatic Immunity Laws are based on this reasoning. Why think that our moral codes are the only correct ones - different people have be raised differently and we cannot judge them or their moral codes/standards. Nuremberg trials 1946 - the defense argued that N ...
... principles/codes is equally correct. Diplomatic Immunity Laws are based on this reasoning. Why think that our moral codes are the only correct ones - different people have be raised differently and we cannot judge them or their moral codes/standards. Nuremberg trials 1946 - the defense argued that N ...
Ethics for the Information Age - Chapter 2
... other people as ends in themselves, and never only as a means to an end. ...
... other people as ends in themselves, and never only as a means to an end. ...
Milestone Education Review
... of understanding the real meaning of moral notions and their significance to our lives. This is our intention is to discuss an important ethical issue i.e. the development of morality. ...
... of understanding the real meaning of moral notions and their significance to our lives. This is our intention is to discuss an important ethical issue i.e. the development of morality. ...
Three types of modern virtue ethics
... with Aristotle’s Golden Mean, e.g. courage rather than foolhardiness or cowardice. • It is these moral virtues (that she calls the X-factor) that she is interested in. • If you, by nature, are virtuous then what you do will be virtuous. If you are bad, your actions can never be virtuous. • She argue ...
... with Aristotle’s Golden Mean, e.g. courage rather than foolhardiness or cowardice. • It is these moral virtues (that she calls the X-factor) that she is interested in. • If you, by nature, are virtuous then what you do will be virtuous. If you are bad, your actions can never be virtuous. • She argue ...
This paper utilises lines of ethical argumentation to
... universal law so it would be unethical. According to maxim two, a person should be regarded as an end and not a means only. In this example, it is safe to assume that the children have not chosen to work and are being used as child labour to satisfy the ends of another. This would indicate a denial ...
... universal law so it would be unethical. According to maxim two, a person should be regarded as an end and not a means only. In this example, it is safe to assume that the children have not chosen to work and are being used as child labour to satisfy the ends of another. This would indicate a denial ...
Kant and the Moral Will
... Inexperienced in the course of the world and incapable of being prepared for all its contingencies, I only ask myself whether I can also will that my maxim should be come a universal law. If not, then the maxim must be rejected, not because of any disadvantage accruing to me or even to others, but b ...
... Inexperienced in the course of the world and incapable of being prepared for all its contingencies, I only ask myself whether I can also will that my maxim should be come a universal law. If not, then the maxim must be rejected, not because of any disadvantage accruing to me or even to others, but b ...
Meta-ethics - Bloomsbury
... A fallacy is committed when one attempts to reason from facts to moral claims, & thus attempts to define moral terms. Moral terms, such as ‘good’, cannot be defined. ...
... A fallacy is committed when one attempts to reason from facts to moral claims, & thus attempts to define moral terms. Moral terms, such as ‘good’, cannot be defined. ...
Adolescence and Moral Development
... society’s rules; reflects an understanding that rules sometimes need to be changed/ignored. ...
... society’s rules; reflects an understanding that rules sometimes need to be changed/ignored. ...
CSCI102_02b_MethodsT..
... Theories • Some argue the ends are the best test, as ethical systems are designed to produce desirable outcomes • Utilitarianism: act for the greater good – People desire happiness, happiness is therefore good – If one action makes more people happy than another, it must be better than the other ...
... Theories • Some argue the ends are the best test, as ethical systems are designed to produce desirable outcomes • Utilitarianism: act for the greater good – People desire happiness, happiness is therefore good – If one action makes more people happy than another, it must be better than the other ...
Lawrence Kohlberg`s Stages of Moral Development from Wikipedia
... In Stage three (good intentions as determined by social consensus), the self enters society by conforming to social standards. Individuals are receptive to approval or disapproval from others as it reflects society's views. They try to be a "good boy" or "good girl" to live up to these expectations ...
... In Stage three (good intentions as determined by social consensus), the self enters society by conforming to social standards. Individuals are receptive to approval or disapproval from others as it reflects society's views. They try to be a "good boy" or "good girl" to live up to these expectations ...
Stace on ethical absolutism
... the problem of critique. We believe that we can properly say that something is morally praiseworthy or not, that one moral system is better than another or vice versa. However, if E.R. is right, then these sorts of statements are unintelligible. They are incapable of rational discussion. (Stace’ ...
... the problem of critique. We believe that we can properly say that something is morally praiseworthy or not, that one moral system is better than another or vice versa. However, if E.R. is right, then these sorts of statements are unintelligible. They are incapable of rational discussion. (Stace’ ...
Three Independent Factors in Morals
... here is a fact which from all the evidence is an integral part of moral action which has not received the attention it deserves in moral theory: that is the element of uncertainty and of conflict in any situation which can properly be called moral. The conventional attitude sees in that situation on ...
... here is a fact which from all the evidence is an integral part of moral action which has not received the attention it deserves in moral theory: that is the element of uncertainty and of conflict in any situation which can properly be called moral. The conventional attitude sees in that situation on ...
Utilitarianism
Utilitarianism is a theory in normative ethics holding that the best moral action is the one that maximizes utility. Utility is defined in various ways, but is usually related to the well-being of sentient entities. Classically, Jeremy Bentham, the founder of Utilitarianism, defined utility as the aggregate pleasure after deducting suffering of all involved in any action. John Stuart Mill expanded this concept of utility to include not only the quantity, but quality of pleasure, while focusing on rules, rather than individual moral actions. Others have rejected that pleasure has positive value and have advocated negative utilitarianism, which defines utility only in terms of suffering. In contrast to this hedonistic view, some define utility with relation to preference satisfaction whereas others believe that a range of values can be included in its definition.Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism, which states that the consequences of any action are the only standard of right and wrong. This view can be contrasted or combined with virtue ethics which holds virtue as a moral good. Some believe that one's intentions are also ethically important. Utilitarianism is distinctly different from other forms of consequentialism such as egoism as it considers all interests equally. Proponents of utilitarianism have been split about whether individual acts should conform to utility (act utilitarianism) or whether agents should conform to ethical rules (rule utilitarianism). Utilitarians additionally remain split about whether utility should be calculated as an aggregate (total utilitarianism) or an average (average utilitarianism).Historically, hedonism can be traced back to Aristippus and Epicurus who viewed happiness as the only good. Bentham is, however, credited with founding utilitarianism when he wrote An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. Since Bentham, prominent utilitarians have included John Stuart Mill, Henry Sidgwick, R.M. Hare and Peter Singer. The philosophy has been applied to modern issues including the suffering of non-human animals. Specifically, utilitarianism has been applied to the ethics of raising animals for food and the ethics of wild animal suffering. Effective altruism is a philosophy aimed at improving the world through evidence based means, which has been supported on utilitarian grounds.Opponents of utilitarianism have criticized it for many reasons. Some have said that utilitarianism ignores justice while others contend that utilitarianism is impractical. Specific criticisms have included the mere addition paradox and the utility monster. Others have said that pleasure is not commensurable across people with varying identities and thus the idea of aggregating utility is impossible.