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rem sleep - Website Staff UI
rem sleep - Website Staff UI

... • Increased parasympathetic tone and decreased sympathetic activity in NREM sleep. • GASTRIC FUNCTION: In NREM, failure of inhibition of gastric secretion in 1st 2 hours of sleep; overall decrease in gastric motility during sleep. • Swallowing is suppressed in NREM, stage 3 with prolong gastric muco ...
Neuroscience of Sleep - University of Ilorin
Neuroscience of Sleep - University of Ilorin

... • Increased parasympathetic tone and decreased sympathetic activity in NREM sleep. • GASTRIC FUNCTION: In NREM, failure of inhibition of gastric secretion in 1st 2 hours of sleep; overall decrease in gastric motility during sleep. • Swallowing is suppressed in NREM, stage 3 with prolong gastric muco ...


... HR changes in obstructive apnoeas. According to that hypothesis, upper aiiway receptor stimulation in apnoeas could activate postinspiratory neurons; postinspiratory time could then increase and this, in turn, could contribute to HR changes. However, the authors did not perform any expiratory time m ...
Sleep-wake cycles: EEG
Sleep-wake cycles: EEG

... voltage and more synchronized electrical activity of the cortex (awaves) • REM-sleep: partial arousal without wakefulness characterized by desynchronized electrical cortical activity, rapid eye movement loss of muscle tone, erection and dreaming ...
Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep
Hypothalamic Regulation of Sleep

... reasoned that the neurotoxin would lesion these neurons. We found that when the neurotoxin was administered to the LH, the hypocretin-immunoreactive neurons were lesioned and the rats had sleep fragmentation, excessive sleepiness, increase in REM sleep, and sleep onset REM sleep periods (SOREMPs), s ...
The Study of Brain Activity in Sleep
The Study of Brain Activity in Sleep

... Amplitude: Extent of the neuronal population recruited in the down-state (i.e., small SWs are based on the recruitment of fewer neurons as compared to large SWs). Slope: This parameter may reflect synaptic strength (i.e., steeper slow waves are generated when neuronal populations are rapidly and eff ...
Document
Document

...  Narcolepsy  Narcolepsy: • A sleep disorder characterized by periods of irresistible sleep, attacks of cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations.  Sleep attack: • A symptom of narcolepsy; an irresistible urge to sleep during the day, after which the person ...
Ictal SPECT in patients with rapid eye movement
Ictal SPECT in patients with rapid eye movement

... behaviour disorder develop neurodegenerative disorders within 10–15 years after symptom onset. The disorder is reported in 45– 60% of all narcoleptic patients. Whether rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder is also a predictor for neurodegeneration in narcolepsy is not known. Although the patho ...
Researchers inch closer to causes, cures for insomnia, narcolepsy
Researchers inch closer to causes, cures for insomnia, narcolepsy

... sleep by causing disruptive limb movements. ...
Sleep/Neurology-The Orexin System
Sleep/Neurology-The Orexin System

... Impaired orexin signaling causes behavioral states to become unstable ...
Unit 5, Consciousness
Unit 5, Consciousness

... "The more of these cells you lose from aging, the harder time you have sleeping," lead researcher Clifford Saper, M.D., Ph.D., chairman of neurology at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, told HuffPost. Saper noted that by the time people are in their 70s, they’re generally sleeping an hour an ...
Sleep imaging and the neuro- psychological assessment of dreams
Sleep imaging and the neuro- psychological assessment of dreams

... dream reports. We will concentrate here on mentation during rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, mainly because REM sleep elicits more abundant, vivid, and phenomenologically detailed dream reports than non-REM sleep [10]. Human sleep brain maps interpreted in terms of cellular activities in animals ...
paradoxical sleep - Bakersfield College
paradoxical sleep - Bakersfield College

... (Ritalin), a catecholamine agonist (Vgontzas and Kales, 1999). The REM sleep phenomena (cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations) have traditionally been treated with antidepressant drugs, which facilitate both serotonergic and noradrenergic activity. ...
Latest Findings in the Mechanisms of Cortical `Arousal`: `Enabling
Latest Findings in the Mechanisms of Cortical `Arousal`: `Enabling

... to be states of consciousness in the phenomenal sense of having conscious experiences; but to bestow that title to only waking states in the medical sense of being conscious of ones surroundings. While REM and waking states share some commonalities in terms of "phenomenal" experiences – "The dream s ...
Latest Findings in the Mechanisms of Cortical `Arousal`: `Enabling
Latest Findings in the Mechanisms of Cortical `Arousal`: `Enabling

... to be states of consciousness in the phenomenal sense of having conscious experiences; but to bestow that title to only waking states in the medical sense of being conscious of ones surroundings. While REM and waking states share some commonalities in terms of "phenomenal" experiences – "The dream s ...
Control of Wake and Sleep States
Control of Wake and Sleep States

... Visual sensory system and vestibular system is activated through PGO activity. Motor activity during dreans is inhibited by atonia of REM sleep. ...
sleep
sleep

... 1. Active dreaming & active bodily muscle movements; 2. The person is more difficult to arouse by sensory stimuli than during the deep slow- wave sleep & people usually awaken spontaneously during a REM episode; 3. Muscle tone is exceedingly depressed – strong inhibition of the spinal muscle control ...
Scientific significance of sleep talking
Scientific significance of sleep talking

... dreaming most vividly in a sleep stage known as “REM sleep” because of the occurrence of Rapid Eye Movements. During REM sleep, all body muscles (with the exception of the eye muscles, obviously) are paralyzed by neural structures in the brain stem, which prevent us from acting out our dreams. Accor ...
EEG & Sleep
EEG & Sleep

... • Grand mal epilepsy is characterized by extreme neuronal discharges in all areas of the brain  cerebral cortex, deep parts of cerebrum, and brain stem. • Discharges transmitted into the spinal cord sometimes cause generalized tonic seizures of the entire body, followed by alternating tonic and spa ...
Phys Chapter 59 [4-20
Phys Chapter 59 [4-20

...  The main difference between dreams in slow-wave and REM sleep is that REM sleep dreams involve more bodily muscle activity  Also, slow-wave dreams usually aren’t remembered because of consolidation of the dreams in memory doesn’t happen Rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep) – the eyes undergo rapi ...
Physiology and neuroanatomy of sleep
Physiology and neuroanatomy of sleep

... • Circadian arousal is largely influenced by ocular exposure to light; thus it rises in the morning, declines with a gradual slope throughout the day, and then declines further beginning in the late evening. • Body temperature is also at its lowest in the early morning, rising throughout the morning ...
PELCH02
PELCH02

... awake, his brain activity slows down to a large amplitude and slow, regular alpha waves (9-14 cps). A meditating person exhibits an alpha brain activity. ...
Generation of Rapid Eye Movements during Paradoxical Sleep in
Generation of Rapid Eye Movements during Paradoxical Sleep in

... Therefore, and because the evolution of species is parsimonious, a plausible hypothesis would be that during PS in humans, REMs are generated by mechanisms similar to PGO waves. Using positron emission tomography and iterative cerebral blood flow measurements by H 215O infusions, we predicted that t ...
Psychology 10th Edition David Myers
Psychology 10th Edition David Myers

... In general, teens need more sleep than adults 10. Scientists agree that hypnosis can make the subject do things he/she normally would not 11. Sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams. 12. Sleep experts recommend treating insomnia with an occasional sleeping pill. 13. Some people dream every night; o ...
Document
Document

... Section Summary Why Do We Sleep? • Fatal familial insomnia is an inherited disease that results in degeneration of parts of the thalamus, deficits in attention and memory, a dreamlike state, loss of control of the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, insomnia, and death. • The primary ...
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Rapid eye movement sleep

Rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep, REMS) is a unique phase of mammalian sleep characterized by random movement of the eyes, low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly. This phase is also known as paradoxical sleep (PS) and sometimes desynchronized sleep because of physiological similarities to waking states, including rapid, low-voltage desynchronized brain waves. Electrical and chemical activity regulating this phase seems to originate in the brain stem and is characterized most notably by an abundance of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, combined with a nearly complete absence of monoamine neurotransmitters histamine, serotonin, and norepinepherine. The cortical and thalamic neurons of the waking or paradoxically sleeping brain are more depolarized—i.e., can ""fire"" more readily—than in the deeply sleeping brain. The right and left hemispheres of the brain are more coherent in REM sleep, especially during lucid dreams.REM sleep is punctuated and immediately preceded by PGO (ponto-geniculo-occipital waves) waves, bursts of electrical activity originating in the brain stem. These waves occur in clusters about every 6 seconds for 1–2 minutes during the transition from deep to paradoxical sleep. They exhibit their highest amplitude upon moving into the visual cortex and are a cause of the ""rapid eye movements"" in paradoxical sleep.Brain energy use in REM sleep, as measured by oxygen and glucose metabolism, equals or exceeds energy use in waking. The rate in non-REM sleep is 11–40% lower.
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