Syllogism - University of Windsor
... 41b1-3). However, he employs all sorts of inferences that do not seem -- easily or even at all – reducible to the syllogistic form. Consider, for instance, an argument he uses in the Physics 217b29-218a8, which bears on the reality of time. After asking whether time exists or not and what is its nat ...
... 41b1-3). However, he employs all sorts of inferences that do not seem -- easily or even at all – reducible to the syllogistic form. Consider, for instance, an argument he uses in the Physics 217b29-218a8, which bears on the reality of time. After asking whether time exists or not and what is its nat ...
Problems in Applying Peirce to Social Sciences
... (i) Peirce as a counter-example to modernism “We have never been modern,” is the famous slogan of Bruno Latour (1993), the French sociologist of science and a sort of semiotician in his own right. Those social scientists and philosophers, who take inspiration from Peirce while considering modernity, ...
... (i) Peirce as a counter-example to modernism “We have never been modern,” is the famous slogan of Bruno Latour (1993), the French sociologist of science and a sort of semiotician in his own right. Those social scientists and philosophers, who take inspiration from Peirce while considering modernity, ...
Applying Peirce to Social Studies – Some Do`s and Don`ts
... science proliferating today, and has searched for an alternative, both in sociology and economics. Most interestingly, as Bertilsson shows in her article ‘The Elementary Forms of Pragmatism’ (2004; about her work, see also 1996), critical realists have in their project even appropriated some ideas f ...
... science proliferating today, and has searched for an alternative, both in sociology and economics. Most interestingly, as Bertilsson shows in her article ‘The Elementary Forms of Pragmatism’ (2004; about her work, see also 1996), critical realists have in their project even appropriated some ideas f ...
Pragmatism`s Legacy to Sociology Respecified
... over the last ten years, it has developed somewhat confusingly. One of the reasons for this state of affairs is that, rather than being a clearly defined doctrine the principles of which one might adhere to, pragmatism is first and foremost an attitude and a method. On the one hand, pragmatism refer ...
... over the last ten years, it has developed somewhat confusingly. One of the reasons for this state of affairs is that, rather than being a clearly defined doctrine the principles of which one might adhere to, pragmatism is first and foremost an attitude and a method. On the one hand, pragmatism refer ...
Introduction In the frigid air of an East Prussian morning, a young
... remained entrapped within a deception of a different kind, and it would take another historic figure – Immanuel Kant – to shed light on the problem and bring about a “Copernican Revolution” of philosophy. Philosophers before Kant principally believed that the careful use of pure reason could lead to ...
... remained entrapped within a deception of a different kind, and it would take another historic figure – Immanuel Kant – to shed light on the problem and bring about a “Copernican Revolution” of philosophy. Philosophers before Kant principally believed that the careful use of pure reason could lead to ...
Epistemology Dehumanized
... world, and thus the world itself as perceived and understood, depend on our faculties of perception and understanding, they depend on us.1 But this is not a proposition of zoology – zoological facts, too, depend on us in this way. It is not a proposition about humans, even though we are humans. It i ...
... world, and thus the world itself as perceived and understood, depend on our faculties of perception and understanding, they depend on us.1 But this is not a proposition of zoology – zoological facts, too, depend on us in this way. It is not a proposition about humans, even though we are humans. It i ...
Scientific Representation and Empiricist Structuralism: Essay
... does not imply that those are objects.” (110) But scientific discourse, one would think, is rightly “filtered through some theory.” So the implication that “those are objects” should be legitimate. Van Fraassen’s insistence that science is responsible only to what is humanly observable has been the ...
... does not imply that those are objects.” (110) But scientific discourse, one would think, is rightly “filtered through some theory.” So the implication that “those are objects” should be legitimate. Van Fraassen’s insistence that science is responsible only to what is humanly observable has been the ...
the critique of positivism
... and politics? They must clearly be relegated to the category of cognitive meaninglessness, unless they can be satisfactorily interpreted as based solely upon scientific knowledge. The logical positivists appear to have disagreed as to whether this was possible. Thus, whilst the predominant view was ...
... and politics? They must clearly be relegated to the category of cognitive meaninglessness, unless they can be satisfactorily interpreted as based solely upon scientific knowledge. The logical positivists appear to have disagreed as to whether this was possible. Thus, whilst the predominant view was ...
How do logic and argument play a role in developing humour
... How do logic and argument play a role in developing humour? Humour provokes laughter and amusement. Logic plays a role in humour because things have to be logical for us to understand without questioning the concept of the joke. Logic in humour has to he realistic for us to not question the concept, ...
... How do logic and argument play a role in developing humour? Humour provokes laughter and amusement. Logic plays a role in humour because things have to be logical for us to understand without questioning the concept of the joke. Logic in humour has to he realistic for us to not question the concept, ...
Handout
... 2: The second bad traditional interpretation of correspondence is that correctness is similarity. Early modern philosophers tended to think of ideas as mental pictures, and true ideas as pictures similar to their objects. George Berkeley had already noted in 1710, however, that “an idea can be like ...
... 2: The second bad traditional interpretation of correspondence is that correctness is similarity. Early modern philosophers tended to think of ideas as mental pictures, and true ideas as pictures similar to their objects. George Berkeley had already noted in 1710, however, that “an idea can be like ...
4 - Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis
... project. I will, accordingly, use her depiction of Kant as an aid in crafting my own portrait of Peirce. My immediate aim is to attain a firmer grasp of Peircean pragmatism, especially in conjunction with the interwoven topics of rational agency and normative conflicts. My ultimate objective is, how ...
... project. I will, accordingly, use her depiction of Kant as an aid in crafting my own portrait of Peirce. My immediate aim is to attain a firmer grasp of Peircean pragmatism, especially in conjunction with the interwoven topics of rational agency and normative conflicts. My ultimate objective is, how ...
The Given - Tim Crane
... recognize pigs, then we can judge that the pig is under the oak on the basis of this experience plus our ability to recognize that what we experience is an instance of a thing of a certain kind. Concepts for Travis involve generality – in his terminology, they ‘reach’ beyond the particular situatio ...
... recognize pigs, then we can judge that the pig is under the oak on the basis of this experience plus our ability to recognize that what we experience is an instance of a thing of a certain kind. Concepts for Travis involve generality – in his terminology, they ‘reach’ beyond the particular situatio ...
naturalistic theory
... political and cultural turmoil, they also helped give birth to a new school of American philosophy, known as naturalism “Here, at last, naturalism took its place as an explicit worldview.” ...
... political and cultural turmoil, they also helped give birth to a new school of American philosophy, known as naturalism “Here, at last, naturalism took its place as an explicit worldview.” ...
problemsofphilosophy
... the same as what we immediately experience by sight or touch or hearing. The real table, if there is one, is not _immediately_ known to us at all, but must be an inference from what is immediately known. Hence, two very difficult questions at once arise; namely, (1) Is there a real table at all? (2) ...
... the same as what we immediately experience by sight or touch or hearing. The real table, if there is one, is not _immediately_ known to us at all, but must be an inference from what is immediately known. Hence, two very difficult questions at once arise; namely, (1) Is there a real table at all? (2) ...
on the logic of perception sentences
... (9) John saw a dance performance take place (10) John saw that a dance performance took place. The two crucial differences between the semantics of (9) and (10) are: (i) whether or not the relevant event (a dance performance) takes place in each world compatible with everything John saw; (ii) whethe ...
... (9) John saw a dance performance take place (10) John saw that a dance performance took place. The two crucial differences between the semantics of (9) and (10) are: (i) whether or not the relevant event (a dance performance) takes place in each world compatible with everything John saw; (ii) whethe ...
Linking Ways of Knowing with Ways of Being Practical Author(s
... for example), the concept of the practical as Schwab presents it is still subservient to the one-dimensional world of empirical-analytic science. ...
... for example), the concept of the practical as Schwab presents it is still subservient to the one-dimensional world of empirical-analytic science. ...
Vol 3 - Whitwell - Essays on the Origins of Western Music
... passions.22 We will cite, as an example, only those associated with Love. These observations, and many others that would take too long to report, have led me to conclude that when the understanding thinks of some object of love, this thought forms an impression in the brain which directs the animal ...
... passions.22 We will cite, as an example, only those associated with Love. These observations, and many others that would take too long to report, have led me to conclude that when the understanding thinks of some object of love, this thought forms an impression in the brain which directs the animal ...
- Philsci
... Current conscious experience is generally the last refuge of the skeptic against his own uncertainty. Though we might doubt the existence of other minds, that the sun will rise tomorrow, that the Earth existed five minutes ago, that there’s any “external world” at all, even whether two and three mak ...
... Current conscious experience is generally the last refuge of the skeptic against his own uncertainty. Though we might doubt the existence of other minds, that the sun will rise tomorrow, that the Earth existed five minutes ago, that there’s any “external world” at all, even whether two and three mak ...
On evidence and evidence-based medicine: Lessons
... lines of thinking in the philosophy of science over the past half century to question the ‘‘evidence base’’ of EBM. Post-positivist philosophy of science Much of the philosophy of science over the last half century has been preoccupied with challenging the positivist picture of scientific methodology ...
... lines of thinking in the philosophy of science over the past half century to question the ‘‘evidence base’’ of EBM. Post-positivist philosophy of science Much of the philosophy of science over the last half century has been preoccupied with challenging the positivist picture of scientific methodology ...
The Philosophy of Sleep: The Views of Descartes, Locke and
... existence would be contingent on the activities of other finite existences and it would therefore be quite unfit to qualify as a substance. So, taken together, Descartes’ metaphysical doctrines of substance and essence meant that he had to commit himself to the controversial view that even in the de ...
... existence would be contingent on the activities of other finite existences and it would therefore be quite unfit to qualify as a substance. So, taken together, Descartes’ metaphysical doctrines of substance and essence meant that he had to commit himself to the controversial view that even in the de ...
Can Activist Scholars Learn Research Methods from Rumi
... More importantly many of the themes in Rumi’s works are re-emerging in the critique of modernity that informs activist scholarship. Dominant amongst these are nondualism, the importance of ontology, the significance of absence and negation, the nature of Reality, the importance of psychological and ...
... More importantly many of the themes in Rumi’s works are re-emerging in the critique of modernity that informs activist scholarship. Dominant amongst these are nondualism, the importance of ontology, the significance of absence and negation, the nature of Reality, the importance of psychological and ...
Hume on Geometry and Infinite Divisibility in the Treatise
... foundation for geometry in visual e ~ p e r i e n c eA. ~“straight” line is a certain appearance (impression) or mental image (idea). It follows, according to Hume, that geometers cannot define a straight line without reference to these: [Mlathematicians pretend they give an exact definition of a ri ...
... foundation for geometry in visual e ~ p e r i e n c eA. ~“straight” line is a certain appearance (impression) or mental image (idea). It follows, according to Hume, that geometers cannot define a straight line without reference to these: [Mlathematicians pretend they give an exact definition of a ri ...
The Objectivity of the Past
... assessable for truth and falsity, and deflationary or minimal, in being committed only to a mind-independent world, determining the truth and falsity of our beliefs, rather than to a world of truth-makers to which our statements are said to correspond. Stephen Neale has written incisively on the lat ...
... assessable for truth and falsity, and deflationary or minimal, in being committed only to a mind-independent world, determining the truth and falsity of our beliefs, rather than to a world of truth-makers to which our statements are said to correspond. Stephen Neale has written incisively on the lat ...
Van de Laar, Tjeerd
... ontological (dual-aspect) monism. Soon I got quite enthousiastic about Velmans’ theory, especially because it seemed to offer a promising way of thinking about phenomenal consciousness that respects our common sense ideas about it2, while at the same time being consistent with the findings of scienc ...
... ontological (dual-aspect) monism. Soon I got quite enthousiastic about Velmans’ theory, especially because it seemed to offer a promising way of thinking about phenomenal consciousness that respects our common sense ideas about it2, while at the same time being consistent with the findings of scienc ...
Empiricism
Empiricism is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience. One of several views of epistemology, the study of human knowledge, along with rationalism and skepticism, empiricism emphasizes the role of experience and evidence, especially sensory experience, in the formation of ideas, over the notion of innate ideas or traditions; empiricists may argue however that traditions (or customs) arise due to relations of previous sense experiences.Empiricism in the philosophy of science emphasizes evidence, especially as discovered in experiments. It is a fundamental part of the scientific method that all hypotheses and theories must be tested against observations of the natural world rather than resting solely on a priori reasoning, intuition, or revelation.Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, says that ""knowledge is based on experience"" and that ""knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification."" One of the epistemological tenets is that sensory experience creates knowledge. The scientific method, including experiments and validated measurement tools, guides empirical research.