What is Existential-Phenomenology
... question of finding a method which will enable us to think at the same time of the externality which is the principle of the sciences of man and of the internality which is the condition of philosophy, of the contingencies without which there is no situation as well as of the rational certainty wit ...
... question of finding a method which will enable us to think at the same time of the externality which is the principle of the sciences of man and of the internality which is the condition of philosophy, of the contingencies without which there is no situation as well as of the rational certainty wit ...
Mathematical Intuition: Poincaré, Pólya, Dewey
... I am going into a discussion of practical knowledge in mathematics, as a kind of real knowledge, even though it is not demonstrative or deductive knowledge. I try to explain why people must do what they do, in order to accomplish what they are trying to accomplish. I will conclude by arguing that th ...
... I am going into a discussion of practical knowledge in mathematics, as a kind of real knowledge, even though it is not demonstrative or deductive knowledge. I try to explain why people must do what they do, in order to accomplish what they are trying to accomplish. I will conclude by arguing that th ...
THE PRESOCRATIC PHILOSOPHERS AND SOCRATES
... Unlimited, which surpasses all understanding. Instead, reality should be identified with something that may be understood, with something familiar. Air is all around us. It is necessary for life to breathe it. It fills the sky, and upon it floats the earth. If air was the candidate of Anaximenes to ...
... Unlimited, which surpasses all understanding. Instead, reality should be identified with something that may be understood, with something familiar. Air is all around us. It is necessary for life to breathe it. It fills the sky, and upon it floats the earth. If air was the candidate of Anaximenes to ...
Handout
... things as well. But there’s a clear hierarchy here. This is because the mind is definitional in the being of everything, including extended things. An extended thing, if there are any, is what corresponds to our subjective idea of extended thing. BD. One way of understanding what Aristotle meant by ...
... things as well. But there’s a clear hierarchy here. This is because the mind is definitional in the being of everything, including extended things. An extended thing, if there are any, is what corresponds to our subjective idea of extended thing. BD. One way of understanding what Aristotle meant by ...
Rene Descartes
... opening paragraphs of Descartes‟ Meditations on First Philosophy, perhaps the most important book of the modern period. Descartes hopes to secure a firm foundation for the natural sciences by establishing a first truth or truths. He does so by rejecting any beliefs which are open to even the slighte ...
... opening paragraphs of Descartes‟ Meditations on First Philosophy, perhaps the most important book of the modern period. Descartes hopes to secure a firm foundation for the natural sciences by establishing a first truth or truths. He does so by rejecting any beliefs which are open to even the slighte ...
The Issue of Correspondence between Scientific Law and Ultimate
... stages. It is important to note that the process of the understanding, like the process of sensibility, occurs instantaneously, and so the following stages are dependent on each other not temporally but logically. Sensibility first provides the understanding with the matter and forms7 of given pheno ...
... stages. It is important to note that the process of the understanding, like the process of sensibility, occurs instantaneously, and so the following stages are dependent on each other not temporally but logically. Sensibility first provides the understanding with the matter and forms7 of given pheno ...
Aristotle and the Problem of Human Knowledge
... expresses a fact about humanity’s place in the cosmos, one that imposes strict conditions on what we may know, with what degree of certainty, and in what areas. While passages bearing on human knowledge are familiar, looking at them collectively and in comparison with certain other well known Aristo ...
... expresses a fact about humanity’s place in the cosmos, one that imposes strict conditions on what we may know, with what degree of certainty, and in what areas. While passages bearing on human knowledge are familiar, looking at them collectively and in comparison with certain other well known Aristo ...
Informetrics needs a foundation in the theory of science
... The behaviorism of Skinner is a version of logical positivism attempting to predict and control human behavior in terms of “stimuli” and “responses”. It may understand itself as “objective science” but, as Chomsky’s criticism demonstrates, in the case where a human being is looking at a painting an ...
... The behaviorism of Skinner is a version of logical positivism attempting to predict and control human behavior in terms of “stimuli” and “responses”. It may understand itself as “objective science” but, as Chomsky’s criticism demonstrates, in the case where a human being is looking at a painting an ...
Epistemic Error and Experiential Evidence
... background conditions are more globally considered. The elliptical appearance of a round coin is a product of viewing it from a particular angle rather than head-on; it is only when the head-on position is held up as the correct viewing angle that the elliptical appearance is nonveridical. My appea ...
... background conditions are more globally considered. The elliptical appearance of a round coin is a product of viewing it from a particular angle rather than head-on; it is only when the head-on position is held up as the correct viewing angle that the elliptical appearance is nonveridical. My appea ...
Introduction: Varieties of Disjunctivism
... obscure the equally important differences. In fact, the views of Snowdon, McDowell, and Martin serve to exemplify three distinct varieties of disjunctivism. It is not unusual, and not always unjustified, to speak of a position called ‘disjunctivism’, and to refer to each of the philosophers mentione ...
... obscure the equally important differences. In fact, the views of Snowdon, McDowell, and Martin serve to exemplify three distinct varieties of disjunctivism. It is not unusual, and not always unjustified, to speak of a position called ‘disjunctivism’, and to refer to each of the philosophers mentione ...
OBJECTIONS TO REALISM Introduction: There are a bewildering
... clearly are trying to undermine the fundamental idea behind a realist theory of truth, who are trying to undermine the idea that there is a meaningful sense in which truth depends, in part, on a reality that exists as it does independently of anyone's representations of it. The general theme of thes ...
... clearly are trying to undermine the fundamental idea behind a realist theory of truth, who are trying to undermine the idea that there is a meaningful sense in which truth depends, in part, on a reality that exists as it does independently of anyone's representations of it. The general theme of thes ...
Lean Hog -- February - Iowa State University
... CATEGORIES OF BELIEFS: Rather than examining each belief in turn, (there are just too many) Descartes categorizes his beliefs: ...
... CATEGORIES OF BELIEFS: Rather than examining each belief in turn, (there are just too many) Descartes categorizes his beliefs: ...
In the history of philosophy, Francis Bacon is credited with the
... historically either downplayed or, at the very least, have been suspicious about what we are here referring to as implicit knowledge. That said, it could be argued that there are some very good historical reasons for why traditional epistemologists might hold such an attitude, even if their ...
... historically either downplayed or, at the very least, have been suspicious about what we are here referring to as implicit knowledge. That said, it could be argued that there are some very good historical reasons for why traditional epistemologists might hold such an attitude, even if their ...
Contextual Reasoning in Concept Spaces - CEUR
... In what follows we silently subscribe to the relevance-theoretic view on context and its role in supporting inferential communication (Sperber & Wilson, 1986 [5]), but will nevertheless use the term quite generally to refer to any form of reasoning in which some notion of context plays an dynamic ro ...
... In what follows we silently subscribe to the relevance-theoretic view on context and its role in supporting inferential communication (Sperber & Wilson, 1986 [5]), but will nevertheless use the term quite generally to refer to any form of reasoning in which some notion of context plays an dynamic ro ...
- Philsci
... assumption about the nature of the universe, to the effect that it is such that no disunified theory is true, however empirically successful it may appear to be for a time. Furthermore, without some such big assumption as this, the empirical method of science collapses. Science would be drowned in a ...
... assumption about the nature of the universe, to the effect that it is such that no disunified theory is true, however empirically successful it may appear to be for a time. Furthermore, without some such big assumption as this, the empirical method of science collapses. Science would be drowned in a ...
Bataille Versus Theory - Gary Sauer
... The writings of Georges Bataille have recently become the object o certain resurgence, or rather, a recuperation, within the academy. Bataille’s death in 1962 recedes into the past, the number of critic and articles about him continues to grow at an incredible rate. Mo criticism has taken the approa ...
... The writings of Georges Bataille have recently become the object o certain resurgence, or rather, a recuperation, within the academy. Bataille’s death in 1962 recedes into the past, the number of critic and articles about him continues to grow at an incredible rate. Mo criticism has taken the approa ...
Locke`s Effect on Laurence Sterne`s Novel Tristram
... convention that evolves for the purposes of social expediency, in order to regulate and to coordinate action. The narrator Tristram depicts the passage of time and offers his narrative in the form of a reading of his own life's temporal flow. Sterne emphasizes the domination of psychological time. I ...
... convention that evolves for the purposes of social expediency, in order to regulate and to coordinate action. The narrator Tristram depicts the passage of time and offers his narrative in the form of a reading of his own life's temporal flow. Sterne emphasizes the domination of psychological time. I ...
Donald Davidson, Subjective, Intersubjective, Objective
... subject’s behaviour, without prior knowledge of its thoughts or language. Radical interpretation is taken to be methodologically basic because it represents the requirement that linguistic meaning be in principle publicly available. Davidson famously casts the project in the form of confirming an axi ...
... subject’s behaviour, without prior knowledge of its thoughts or language. Radical interpretation is taken to be methodologically basic because it represents the requirement that linguistic meaning be in principle publicly available. Davidson famously casts the project in the form of confirming an axi ...
Communication, Language and Autonomy
... different psychological modes. On the level of language this option corresponds to the distinction between propositional content of the speech act and mode or force of it (command, question etc). Searle’s notation is the following: “S (p)” represents the psychological state and (p) represents the pr ...
... different psychological modes. On the level of language this option corresponds to the distinction between propositional content of the speech act and mode or force of it (command, question etc). Searle’s notation is the following: “S (p)” represents the psychological state and (p) represents the pr ...
Conceptualism and Non-Conceptualism in Kant`s Theory
... another component must be present: something must be felt, i.e., my receptivity must be called to provide an aspect of visual experience that goes beyond mere thought. It is necessary that a green cube, so to speak, be actually present to my consciousness, and not just thought about. And this presen ...
... another component must be present: something must be felt, i.e., my receptivity must be called to provide an aspect of visual experience that goes beyond mere thought. It is necessary that a green cube, so to speak, be actually present to my consciousness, and not just thought about. And this presen ...
Descartes` Epistemology
... – “Archimedes, in order that he might draw the terrestrial globe out of its place, and transport it elsewhere, demanded only that one point should be fixed and immoveable; in the same way, I shall have the right to have high hopes, if I am happy enough to discover one thing only which is certain an ...
... – “Archimedes, in order that he might draw the terrestrial globe out of its place, and transport it elsewhere, demanded only that one point should be fixed and immoveable; in the same way, I shall have the right to have high hopes, if I am happy enough to discover one thing only which is certain an ...
sadwcn_adwy - Square
... values secured are recognized the more easily for having been first enjoyed when other people furnished the means to them; while the maintenance of these values is facilitated by an external tradition (1052) …’ Santayana reveals how the reality of imagination can transcend mere sense through intuiti ...
... values secured are recognized the more easily for having been first enjoyed when other people furnished the means to them; while the maintenance of these values is facilitated by an external tradition (1052) …’ Santayana reveals how the reality of imagination can transcend mere sense through intuiti ...
Why ethics is hard: or some of the reasons why
... I don’t think that “the knowledge argument” here presented is a sound argument against physicalism. (Neither does Jackson any more, though I and others find the reasons he now gives for rejecting it both puzzling and obscure.) The knowledge argument attacks a formulation of physicalism that says th ...
... I don’t think that “the knowledge argument” here presented is a sound argument against physicalism. (Neither does Jackson any more, though I and others find the reasons he now gives for rejecting it both puzzling and obscure.) The knowledge argument attacks a formulation of physicalism that says th ...
THE PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY (London: Oxford University
... supposed to be known by the senses, what the senses immediately tell us is not the truth about the object as it is apart from us, but only the truth about certain sense-data which, so far as we can see, depend upon the relations between us and the object. Thus what we directly see and feel is merely ...
... supposed to be known by the senses, what the senses immediately tell us is not the truth about the object as it is apart from us, but only the truth about certain sense-data which, so far as we can see, depend upon the relations between us and the object. Thus what we directly see and feel is merely ...
Empiricism
Empiricism is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience. One of several views of epistemology, the study of human knowledge, along with rationalism and skepticism, empiricism emphasizes the role of experience and evidence, especially sensory experience, in the formation of ideas, over the notion of innate ideas or traditions; empiricists may argue however that traditions (or customs) arise due to relations of previous sense experiences.Empiricism in the philosophy of science emphasizes evidence, especially as discovered in experiments. It is a fundamental part of the scientific method that all hypotheses and theories must be tested against observations of the natural world rather than resting solely on a priori reasoning, intuition, or revelation.Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, says that ""knowledge is based on experience"" and that ""knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification."" One of the epistemological tenets is that sensory experience creates knowledge. The scientific method, including experiments and validated measurement tools, guides empirical research.