The epistemological tradition in French sociology
... using Bachelard’s notion applied rationalism.13 “Rationalism” is the head-word and “applied” is the adjunct: ratio is given priority, but scientific thought must be “applied” (by which Bachelard meant corrected and developed) through its confrontation with its object. According to Bachelard late 19t ...
... using Bachelard’s notion applied rationalism.13 “Rationalism” is the head-word and “applied” is the adjunct: ratio is given priority, but scientific thought must be “applied” (by which Bachelard meant corrected and developed) through its confrontation with its object. According to Bachelard late 19t ...
Norms, Selves, and Concepts
... reanimate some of those ideas, breathing new life into them by exhibiting a new perspective from which they show up as worthy of our interest and attention today. I do that by retrospectively rationally reconstructing a coherent, cumulative trajectory of thought, carving it out of the context in whi ...
... reanimate some of those ideas, breathing new life into them by exhibiting a new perspective from which they show up as worthy of our interest and attention today. I do that by retrospectively rationally reconstructing a coherent, cumulative trajectory of thought, carving it out of the context in whi ...
Lecture Notes
... that awareness and experience consists in making judgments (the minimal unit of cognitive responsibility or authority), which is applying concepts. If that is right, then one cannot intelligibly envisage a situation in which one already has experiential awareness, but not yet concepts—which are to b ...
... that awareness and experience consists in making judgments (the minimal unit of cognitive responsibility or authority), which is applying concepts. If that is right, then one cannot intelligibly envisage a situation in which one already has experiential awareness, but not yet concepts—which are to b ...
Quining Naturalism
... predicates—say, the terms we use in talking about medium sized objects, or in talking about numbers. Carnap thought that adopting such a framework, or way of talking, typically brings with it ontological methods and questions. These are ‘internal’ questions, questions that arise within the framework ...
... predicates—say, the terms we use in talking about medium sized objects, or in talking about numbers. Carnap thought that adopting such a framework, or way of talking, typically brings with it ontological methods and questions. These are ‘internal’ questions, questions that arise within the framework ...
ESSENTIALISM IN PARMENIDES OF ELEA
... that does not allow a more or less, something that is full of itself and is fettered to stand still (Kirk and Raven 1960: 273): One way only is left to be spoken of, that it is; and on this way are full many signs that what is is uncreated and imperishable, for it is entire, immovable and without en ...
... that does not allow a more or less, something that is full of itself and is fettered to stand still (Kirk and Raven 1960: 273): One way only is left to be spoken of, that it is; and on this way are full many signs that what is is uncreated and imperishable, for it is entire, immovable and without en ...
A Call for Inclusion in the Pragmatic Justification of Democracy
... developed metaphysics of experience and to assume a vision of human flourishing within a community bounded by unquestioned ideals. His thick account of nature, humanity and community are too substantive for a pluralist democracy and undercut his supposed commitment to free inquiry. So let us not be ...
... developed metaphysics of experience and to assume a vision of human flourishing within a community bounded by unquestioned ideals. His thick account of nature, humanity and community are too substantive for a pluralist democracy and undercut his supposed commitment to free inquiry. So let us not be ...
PLATO: THE SEVENTH LETTER_4
... I hear too that he [Dionysius] has since written on the subjects in which I instructed him at that time, as if he were composing a handbook of his own which differed entirely from the instruction he received. Of this I know nothing. I do know, however, that some others have written on these same sub ...
... I hear too that he [Dionysius] has since written on the subjects in which I instructed him at that time, as if he were composing a handbook of his own which differed entirely from the instruction he received. Of this I know nothing. I do know, however, that some others have written on these same sub ...
Ought and Reality - Scandinavian Studies in Law
... substantive inquiries into moral questions and thus have no impact upon on ordinary moral discourse. I shall argue that this position has no foundation in Hägerström’s lecture. Hägerström’s non-cognitive thesis has been widely discussed but this discussion proceeds upon the assumption that conceptua ...
... substantive inquiries into moral questions and thus have no impact upon on ordinary moral discourse. I shall argue that this position has no foundation in Hägerström’s lecture. Hägerström’s non-cognitive thesis has been widely discussed but this discussion proceeds upon the assumption that conceptua ...
Reasons and Beliefs
... That is, although the intentional object, namely St. Petersburg, is the same in all three thoughts, it is represented in three different ways, thereby being associated with three different intentional contents. As for the claim concerning the need for objects in addition to intentional contents, th ...
... That is, although the intentional object, namely St. Petersburg, is the same in all three thoughts, it is represented in three different ways, thereby being associated with three different intentional contents. As for the claim concerning the need for objects in addition to intentional contents, th ...
Dialectic and Dialogue in Plato: Revisiting the Image of "Socrates
... Plato’s description of truth and the dialectic method in the Seventh Letter. It is possible to understand this notion of dialectic in the “aporetic” dialogues as being at once “positive and constructive despite the pack of propositional results,” and this distinct form of “dialectic is itself in som ...
... Plato’s description of truth and the dialectic method in the Seventh Letter. It is possible to understand this notion of dialectic in the “aporetic” dialogues as being at once “positive and constructive despite the pack of propositional results,” and this distinct form of “dialectic is itself in som ...
... contemporary physics or mathematics.’ He was expressing what many others feel, and foremost among these, perhaps, the philosophers. If my friend is so interested in physics, it is because he believes that its laws are, in some sense, the closest to the essence of things (and no one mentions any poss ...
Intentional psychologism - California State University, Los Angeles
... responsible for its expressing the proposition it does. That is, I held that a thought’s phenomenal content—viz., its intrinsic phenomenal features—determines its intentional content—which proposition it expresses. (I did not attempt to explain how phenomenal content determines propositional content ...
... responsible for its expressing the proposition it does. That is, I held that a thought’s phenomenal content—viz., its intrinsic phenomenal features—determines its intentional content—which proposition it expresses. (I did not attempt to explain how phenomenal content determines propositional content ...
Meaning, Context, and Background. - Open
... that its truth conditions will vary systematically with the contexts of its literal utterance. Thus the sentence ‘I am hungry’ might be uttered by one person on one occasion to make a true statement and yet be uttered by another person, or by the same person on another occasion, to make a false stat ...
... that its truth conditions will vary systematically with the contexts of its literal utterance. Thus the sentence ‘I am hungry’ might be uttered by one person on one occasion to make a true statement and yet be uttered by another person, or by the same person on another occasion, to make a false stat ...
Cohen paper, revised
... Because the concept of the epistemic/rational domain is both familiar and clear, it’s little problem that the terms are new or neologistic. If someone needs to know which domain we’re talking about, it’s easy to key them in. One way is to use Cohen’s helpful suggestion that the domain epistemology ...
... Because the concept of the epistemic/rational domain is both familiar and clear, it’s little problem that the terms are new or neologistic. If someone needs to know which domain we’re talking about, it’s easy to key them in. One way is to use Cohen’s helpful suggestion that the domain epistemology ...
The Moral Theories of Kant and Hume
... was familiar (though interestingly not the Kantian ought).8 However we construe the fundamental difference between Hume and Kant, it is assuredly not that Hume has no place for ought in his theory of morals. It might be thought that the respect in which Hume’s sceptical theory of morals differs from ...
... was familiar (though interestingly not the Kantian ought).8 However we construe the fundamental difference between Hume and Kant, it is assuredly not that Hume has no place for ought in his theory of morals. It might be thought that the respect in which Hume’s sceptical theory of morals differs from ...
Reinach Negative Jud.. - Buffalo Ontology Site
... external angle of all triangles is bigger than either of the opposite internal angles’ with empty propositions such as ‘what is a soul is a soul’ (Essay, IV, 8). To be sure, this mathematical proposition says something about a ‘complex idea’, not however something which is ‘contained in it’, but rat ...
... external angle of all triangles is bigger than either of the opposite internal angles’ with empty propositions such as ‘what is a soul is a soul’ (Essay, IV, 8). To be sure, this mathematical proposition says something about a ‘complex idea’, not however something which is ‘contained in it’, but rat ...
Reinach Negative Jud.. - Buffalo Ontology Site
... Locke, who is much closer to Hume at this point than is Kant. Locke separates knowledge that is genuinely instructive from analytic or ‘trifling’ knowledge. He explicitly contrasts the proposition “The external angle of all triangles is bigger than either of the opposite internal angles’ with empty ...
... Locke, who is much closer to Hume at this point than is Kant. Locke separates knowledge that is genuinely instructive from analytic or ‘trifling’ knowledge. He explicitly contrasts the proposition “The external angle of all triangles is bigger than either of the opposite internal angles’ with empty ...
Qualitative Spatial Reasoning: Framework and Frontiers
... (Forbus, Nielsen, & Faltings, 1987, 1991): There is no problem-independent, purely qualitative representation of space or shape. By “purely qualitative,” we mean to rule out representations whose parts contain enough detailed information to permit calculation or the operation of perceptual-like proc ...
... (Forbus, Nielsen, & Faltings, 1987, 1991): There is no problem-independent, purely qualitative representation of space or shape. By “purely qualitative,” we mean to rule out representations whose parts contain enough detailed information to permit calculation or the operation of perceptual-like proc ...
Speaking the Unnamable: A Phenomenology of Sense in T. S.
... their phenomenological definitions given above can be assumed. All values perceived as the poem’s meanings, that is, emerge from the mutually formative interaction between (1) the linguistic structure as a relational whole of significative units that articulate meaning and (2) the experience of mean ...
... their phenomenological definitions given above can be assumed. All values perceived as the poem’s meanings, that is, emerge from the mutually formative interaction between (1) the linguistic structure as a relational whole of significative units that articulate meaning and (2) the experience of mean ...
A Substantive Revision to Firth`s Ideal Observer Theory
... fact knowing all facts. It is for this reason that the problem of omniscience and omnipercipience is such a serious problem with no solution yet to solve it. In the article, “Some Comments on Professor Firth’s Ideal Observer Theory,” Jonathan Harrison raises the problem of a dispassionate observer w ...
... fact knowing all facts. It is for this reason that the problem of omniscience and omnipercipience is such a serious problem with no solution yet to solve it. In the article, “Some Comments on Professor Firth’s Ideal Observer Theory,” Jonathan Harrison raises the problem of a dispassionate observer w ...
MSWord
... with it, what would count as evidence for or against it, and so on) out of the hands, out from under the authority, of the one making the claims. It establishes a fact of the matter about the inferential relations that articulate the contents of the concepts expressed by the target vocabulary that s ...
... with it, what would count as evidence for or against it, and so on) out of the hands, out from under the authority, of the one making the claims. It establishes a fact of the matter about the inferential relations that articulate the contents of the concepts expressed by the target vocabulary that s ...
Induction Synonyms epagōgē, inductio Abstract How induction was
... Socratic induction), into the discussion of induction, even if only perfunctorily. In the second, he explores the Aristotelian idea that abstract ideas are known at first only confusedly (confuse) and then, after sufficient cogitation, come to be known distinctly (distincte). What is important about ...
... Socratic induction), into the discussion of induction, even if only perfunctorily. In the second, he explores the Aristotelian idea that abstract ideas are known at first only confusedly (confuse) and then, after sufficient cogitation, come to be known distinctly (distincte). What is important about ...
NOTES ON LOGIC 1913
... When we say A judges that etc., then we have to mention a whole proposition which A judges. It will not do either to mention only its constituents, or its constituents and form, but not in the proper order. This shows that a proposition itself must occur in the statement that it is judged; however, ...
... When we say A judges that etc., then we have to mention a whole proposition which A judges. It will not do either to mention only its constituents, or its constituents and form, but not in the proper order. This shows that a proposition itself must occur in the statement that it is judged; however, ...
Dewey`s Concepts of Stability and Precariousness - Purdue e-Pubs
... form because it was undemocratic and, in fact, a dictatorship that prevented individual variation from bearing the maximum possible fruit for itself and for society. The need for the interpenetration of democracy and industrialization thus implied a demand for industrial or workplace democracy.15 De ...
... form because it was undemocratic and, in fact, a dictatorship that prevented individual variation from bearing the maximum possible fruit for itself and for society. The need for the interpenetration of democracy and industrialization thus implied a demand for industrial or workplace democracy.15 De ...
Against the Idols of the Age
... everyone to gastronomic idealism. Why has an argument no better than the one about the oysters deceived so many, he asks? This family of arguments (which he designates as ‘Gem’ arguments) are no longer merely used to shore up idealist philosophy. In modern humanities departments, Stove notes, these ...
... everyone to gastronomic idealism. Why has an argument no better than the one about the oysters deceived so many, he asks? This family of arguments (which he designates as ‘Gem’ arguments) are no longer merely used to shore up idealist philosophy. In modern humanities departments, Stove notes, these ...
Empiricism
Empiricism is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience. One of several views of epistemology, the study of human knowledge, along with rationalism and skepticism, empiricism emphasizes the role of experience and evidence, especially sensory experience, in the formation of ideas, over the notion of innate ideas or traditions; empiricists may argue however that traditions (or customs) arise due to relations of previous sense experiences.Empiricism in the philosophy of science emphasizes evidence, especially as discovered in experiments. It is a fundamental part of the scientific method that all hypotheses and theories must be tested against observations of the natural world rather than resting solely on a priori reasoning, intuition, or revelation.Empiricism, often used by natural scientists, says that ""knowledge is based on experience"" and that ""knowledge is tentative and probabilistic, subject to continued revision and falsification."" One of the epistemological tenets is that sensory experience creates knowledge. The scientific method, including experiments and validated measurement tools, guides empirical research.