Chapter 7 Notes - MDC Faculty Home Pages
... transfer electrons to NAD+. On the plus side, it doesn’t require oxygen and occurs in the cytoplasm, and some prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes have long used it as the sole source of energy. – Krebs cycle and electron transport chain—evolved later, but generate larger quantities of energy; o ...
... transfer electrons to NAD+. On the plus side, it doesn’t require oxygen and occurs in the cytoplasm, and some prokaryotes and single-celled eukaryotes have long used it as the sole source of energy. – Krebs cycle and electron transport chain—evolved later, but generate larger quantities of energy; o ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration 1 Photosynthesis and Respiration
... 1. Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are related and connected. 2. What are some reasons that your cells need ATP? 3. State the reaction for cellular respiration 4. How is cellular respiration similar to and different from combustion? 5. During cellular respiration, which molecule is oxidiz ...
... 1. Explain how photosynthesis and respiration are related and connected. 2. What are some reasons that your cells need ATP? 3. State the reaction for cellular respiration 4. How is cellular respiration similar to and different from combustion? 5. During cellular respiration, which molecule is oxidiz ...
ENERGY SYSTEMS
... The net effect of the above adaptations is that they increase/prolong the aerobic threshold thereby increasing the potential intensity of performance This delays muscle fatigue by increasing the intensity at which the onset of blood lactate accumulation is reached and by maximising its efficiency to ...
... The net effect of the above adaptations is that they increase/prolong the aerobic threshold thereby increasing the potential intensity of performance This delays muscle fatigue by increasing the intensity at which the onset of blood lactate accumulation is reached and by maximising its efficiency to ...
Proposals Concerning the Higher Taxa of Bacteria
... Rule 7 (Names of Taxa above the Rank of Genus) could apply to all higher taxa. It states quite specifically that the name of a taxon “is in the feminine gender, plural number, . . .” However, Rule 8 (Names of Taxa above the Rank of Order) seems to negate Rule 7 at this rank and above, since it simpl ...
... Rule 7 (Names of Taxa above the Rank of Genus) could apply to all higher taxa. It states quite specifically that the name of a taxon “is in the feminine gender, plural number, . . .” However, Rule 8 (Names of Taxa above the Rank of Order) seems to negate Rule 7 at this rank and above, since it simpl ...
Marine Biomes
... living organisms. • Autotrophs make their own food using energy from the sun (plants, algae, bacteria) • Heterotrophs need to eat other organisms to get energy herbivores (eat plants, algae, bacteria) omnivores (eat plants and animals) carnivores (eat animals primarily) ...
... living organisms. • Autotrophs make their own food using energy from the sun (plants, algae, bacteria) • Heterotrophs need to eat other organisms to get energy herbivores (eat plants, algae, bacteria) omnivores (eat plants and animals) carnivores (eat animals primarily) ...
Electron Transport Chain
... glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate, and the citric acid cycle are oxidized to provide the energy for the synthesis of ATP. In electron transport or the respiratory chain, • hydrogen ions and electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed from one electron acceptor or carrier to the next until they combine ...
... glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate, and the citric acid cycle are oxidized to provide the energy for the synthesis of ATP. In electron transport or the respiratory chain, • hydrogen ions and electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed from one electron acceptor or carrier to the next until they combine ...
Document
... • Fermentation: lag, log, rest, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, buffer capacity, carbon dioxide... • Packaging – UV light, dissolved oxygen leads to bacterial spoilage (HACCP after fermentation) • Flavor Agents: alcohols, sulfur compounds, esters, Di-acetyl and Pentane-2, 3-Dione, Polyphenols, Di ...
... • Fermentation: lag, log, rest, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, buffer capacity, carbon dioxide... • Packaging – UV light, dissolved oxygen leads to bacterial spoilage (HACCP after fermentation) • Flavor Agents: alcohols, sulfur compounds, esters, Di-acetyl and Pentane-2, 3-Dione, Polyphenols, Di ...
Cellular Respiration
... daily basis are broken down to produce energy? Not only do you eat food on a regular basis, but you usually drink some type of water-based beverage with your meal & you breathe in oxygen too. 2. All cells must do work to stay alive and maintain homeostasis. The energy needed for cell work comes from ...
... daily basis are broken down to produce energy? Not only do you eat food on a regular basis, but you usually drink some type of water-based beverage with your meal & you breathe in oxygen too. 2. All cells must do work to stay alive and maintain homeostasis. The energy needed for cell work comes from ...
Metabolism Unit Organization
... o Chemosynthetic organisms capture free energy from small inorganic molecules present in their environment, and this process can occur in the absence of oxygen. Heterotrophs capture free energy present in carbon compounds produced by other organisms. Examples: o Heterotrophs may metabolize carboh ...
... o Chemosynthetic organisms capture free energy from small inorganic molecules present in their environment, and this process can occur in the absence of oxygen. Heterotrophs capture free energy present in carbon compounds produced by other organisms. Examples: o Heterotrophs may metabolize carboh ...
Life on Earth summary notes
... An increase in the population means there is an increase in food demand. Using Chemical Fertilisers Chemical fertilisers are added to the soil to increase yield. If fertilisers are washed from the fields they can get into waterways (rivers and lochs). This can lead to the formation of ‘algal blooms’ ...
... An increase in the population means there is an increase in food demand. Using Chemical Fertilisers Chemical fertilisers are added to the soil to increase yield. If fertilisers are washed from the fields they can get into waterways (rivers and lochs). This can lead to the formation of ‘algal blooms’ ...
The Breakdown of Glucose (aka Cellular Respiration)
... 13. Acetyl CoA drops off the 2-C fragment into the Kreb’s Cycle and the CoA part is recycled back to grooming stage. The 2-Carbon fragment attaches to a 4-C molecule (OAA already in cycle) to form a 6-C molecule known as Citric Acid (or citrate). 14. As the cycle continues 2 CO2 molecules are lost w ...
... 13. Acetyl CoA drops off the 2-C fragment into the Kreb’s Cycle and the CoA part is recycled back to grooming stage. The 2-Carbon fragment attaches to a 4-C molecule (OAA already in cycle) to form a 6-C molecule known as Citric Acid (or citrate). 14. As the cycle continues 2 CO2 molecules are lost w ...
Respiration - Dr. Annette M. Parrott
... 1. Glyco lysis (sugar breaking) 2. Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) ...
... 1. Glyco lysis (sugar breaking) 2. Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle) ...
Chapter 4: Cellular Metabolism
... is split into _________________________________________________________ 7. In the third main event of glycolysis, the electron carrier __________________ is produced, _________________ is synthesized and two ____________________ result. 8. NADH delivers _____________________________ to _____________ ...
... is split into _________________________________________________________ 7. In the third main event of glycolysis, the electron carrier __________________ is produced, _________________ is synthesized and two ____________________ result. 8. NADH delivers _____________________________ to _____________ ...
Week III Lecture I slides
... Oxygen molecules diffuse across the plasma membrane into the cell, then into the mitochondria ...
... Oxygen molecules diffuse across the plasma membrane into the cell, then into the mitochondria ...
respiration 4 - Home - KSU Faculty Member websites
... • Without oxygen, citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation cannot work • “Fermentation” metabolizes pyruvate to give some ATP, CO2 and ethanol or lactic acid • Only 4% as efficient as the oxidative phosphorylation, and ethanol and lactic acid ...
... • Without oxygen, citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation cannot work • “Fermentation” metabolizes pyruvate to give some ATP, CO2 and ethanol or lactic acid • Only 4% as efficient as the oxidative phosphorylation, and ethanol and lactic acid ...
Energy - jpinks
... compound together are pulled apart, this releases energy. This energy is used to add a phosphate back on the ADP recharging it into an ATP. (Synthesis Reaction) 3. Sometimes another phosphate is pulled off of the ADP before it gets recharged. This forms an AMP molecule which must have two phosphates ...
... compound together are pulled apart, this releases energy. This energy is used to add a phosphate back on the ADP recharging it into an ATP. (Synthesis Reaction) 3. Sometimes another phosphate is pulled off of the ADP before it gets recharged. This forms an AMP molecule which must have two phosphates ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Fermentation and Quiz Ppt
... Obligate anaerobes carry out fermentation or anaerobic respiration and cannot survive in the presence of O2 Yeast and many bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration In a facultative anaerobe, pyruvate is a fork in the metaboli ...
... Obligate anaerobes carry out fermentation or anaerobic respiration and cannot survive in the presence of O2 Yeast and many bacteria are facultative anaerobes, meaning that they can survive using either fermentation or cellular respiration In a facultative anaerobe, pyruvate is a fork in the metaboli ...
2.2 PPT – Nutrient Cycles
... In animals, phosphorous is important for strong bones. Where Phosphorous is Found: Not in atmosphere, but in phosphate rocks (PO43–, HPO42–, H2PO4) and sediments on the ocean floor. ...
... In animals, phosphorous is important for strong bones. Where Phosphorous is Found: Not in atmosphere, but in phosphate rocks (PO43–, HPO42–, H2PO4) and sediments on the ocean floor. ...
Glossary
... decomposers, they get the nutrients they need by secreting enzymes that speed up the breakdown of organic matter in the tissue of other living or dead organisms. Then they absorb the resulting nutrients. ...
... decomposers, they get the nutrients they need by secreting enzymes that speed up the breakdown of organic matter in the tissue of other living or dead organisms. Then they absorb the resulting nutrients. ...
4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration
... electron transport chain produces a large amount of ATP. – takes place in inner membrane – energy transferred to electron transport chain – oxygen enters process – ATP produced – water released as a waste product ...
... electron transport chain produces a large amount of ATP. – takes place in inner membrane – energy transferred to electron transport chain – oxygen enters process – ATP produced – water released as a waste product ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)