Macromolecules of Life – Lecture 1
... d. The chemical reaction that occurs is a Dehydration Synthesis, draw the structures of two glucose molecules being joined to create a disaccharide (see Lecture page one): ...
... d. The chemical reaction that occurs is a Dehydration Synthesis, draw the structures of two glucose molecules being joined to create a disaccharide (see Lecture page one): ...
Lab Time
... biological molecules, like enzymes, can have their structure altered and rendered nonfunctional by excessive heat. All biological enzymes are proteins and their destruction is lethal because many key enzymatic reactions for life would be stopped. ...
... biological molecules, like enzymes, can have their structure altered and rendered nonfunctional by excessive heat. All biological enzymes are proteins and their destruction is lethal because many key enzymatic reactions for life would be stopped. ...
04b Carbohydrates-student note
... NOTE: Disaccharides can be broken down into simple sugars again through a hydrolysis reaction ...
... NOTE: Disaccharides can be broken down into simple sugars again through a hydrolysis reaction ...
Amino acids
... • 20 AA are standard and make many different kinds of proteins • 9 are considered essential (must get from the diet) our body can’t make them • the shape determines the function of the protein *Failure to obtain enough of even 1 of the 10 essential amino acids, those that we cannot make, results in ...
... • 20 AA are standard and make many different kinds of proteins • 9 are considered essential (must get from the diet) our body can’t make them • the shape determines the function of the protein *Failure to obtain enough of even 1 of the 10 essential amino acids, those that we cannot make, results in ...
chapter 18 - rci.rutgers.edu
... Amino acid catabolism starts with transamination. Amino groups are transferred to alpha-ketoglutarate by specific aminotransferase enzymes (656). The resulting glutamate is then oxidatively deaminated by glutamate DH which can use either NAD+ or NADP+. The ammonia produced is generally incorporated ...
... Amino acid catabolism starts with transamination. Amino groups are transferred to alpha-ketoglutarate by specific aminotransferase enzymes (656). The resulting glutamate is then oxidatively deaminated by glutamate DH which can use either NAD+ or NADP+. The ammonia produced is generally incorporated ...
Test #2
... 22. Like the small intestine, the regions of the large intestine (also termed the colon) have differing relationships with the peritoneum. The cecum is intraperitoneal; the ascending colon is intraperitoneal; the first segment of the transverse colon is intraperitoneal; the terminal segment of the t ...
... 22. Like the small intestine, the regions of the large intestine (also termed the colon) have differing relationships with the peritoneum. The cecum is intraperitoneal; the ascending colon is intraperitoneal; the first segment of the transverse colon is intraperitoneal; the terminal segment of the t ...
File
... 22. Why is the shape of a protein important? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 23. What are the 7 functions of proteins? 1. ________________ 2. _______________ 3. __________ 4. ...
... 22. Why is the shape of a protein important? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 23. What are the 7 functions of proteins? 1. ________________ 2. _______________ 3. __________ 4. ...
Biochem PowerPoint Presentation
... ** When there is a fixed amount of enzyme and an excess of substrate molecules -- the rate of reaction will increase to a point and ...
... ** When there is a fixed amount of enzyme and an excess of substrate molecules -- the rate of reaction will increase to a point and ...
Rat dissection - WordPress.com
... responsible for inhalation/exhalation. Cut the diaphragm away to loosen the rib cage. You can now lift the ribs to view the contents of the thoracic cavity. The heart is centrally located in the thoracic cavity. The two dark colored chambers at the top are the atria (single: atrium), and the bottom ...
... responsible for inhalation/exhalation. Cut the diaphragm away to loosen the rib cage. You can now lift the ribs to view the contents of the thoracic cavity. The heart is centrally located in the thoracic cavity. The two dark colored chambers at the top are the atria (single: atrium), and the bottom ...
Food - cbbiology
... 3. Necessary for immune system to work properly 4. Deficiency of vitamin C: scurvy (bleeding gums with loose teeth, bleeding under skin, poor healing of skin). Vitamin D: 1. Helps absorb calcium into blood from intestine. Needed for healthy bones & teeth 2.Deficiency of vitamin D: rickets in childre ...
... 3. Necessary for immune system to work properly 4. Deficiency of vitamin C: scurvy (bleeding gums with loose teeth, bleeding under skin, poor healing of skin). Vitamin D: 1. Helps absorb calcium into blood from intestine. Needed for healthy bones & teeth 2.Deficiency of vitamin D: rickets in childre ...
Chapter 14 Nutrition Nutrients A nutrient is a component of food that
... o Some glucose is stored in the form of glycogen stored in muscle and liver cells o Unfortunately, we can only store a limited amount of glucose as glycogen Fats in the body o Fats can be catabolized to produce ATP o Unfortunately, when we have excess calories from our diet, convert the excess gluco ...
... o Some glucose is stored in the form of glycogen stored in muscle and liver cells o Unfortunately, we can only store a limited amount of glucose as glycogen Fats in the body o Fats can be catabolized to produce ATP o Unfortunately, when we have excess calories from our diet, convert the excess gluco ...
Unit 2 Test Retake Review Sheet – Cell Biology Answer questions
... Distinguish the functions and importance of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Look up and draw the monomer structure for each type of macromolecule (nucleotide, etc). What do enzymes do to the activation energy required for a chemical reaction? Explain how enzymes are specific to a ...
... Distinguish the functions and importance of carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Look up and draw the monomer structure for each type of macromolecule (nucleotide, etc). What do enzymes do to the activation energy required for a chemical reaction? Explain how enzymes are specific to a ...
1. Identify the structural formula. Use these choices - burgess
... Examine each group of terms. Cross out the one term that does not belong with the others, then write a name for the group. Use these choices: ...
... Examine each group of terms. Cross out the one term that does not belong with the others, then write a name for the group. Use these choices: ...
Biochemistry Test Review KEY
... 12. What is the name of the structure above and what is its function? Nucleic acid 13. What is a common element found in all organic compounds? Carbon 14. What effect does pH levels have on a certain enzyme? Slows or speeds up rate of reaction, as well as the modifies the enzyme’s shape 15. Describ ...
... 12. What is the name of the structure above and what is its function? Nucleic acid 13. What is a common element found in all organic compounds? Carbon 14. What effect does pH levels have on a certain enzyme? Slows or speeds up rate of reaction, as well as the modifies the enzyme’s shape 15. Describ ...
Food Chemistry for 1..
... • Peptide bonds can be broken apart if the temperature is higher • Peptide bonds can also be broken apart by acid ...
... • Peptide bonds can be broken apart if the temperature is higher • Peptide bonds can also be broken apart by acid ...
Biomolecules are organic molecules built and used inside of cells
... • When two monosaccharides bond together through dehydration ___________________ a ___saccharide is formed • Di = ___ • These molecules are used as short term energy storage as well • Must be __________________ into individual monosaccharides to be used in cellular respiration • Examples: sucrose, l ...
... • When two monosaccharides bond together through dehydration ___________________ a ___saccharide is formed • Di = ___ • These molecules are used as short term energy storage as well • Must be __________________ into individual monosaccharides to be used in cellular respiration • Examples: sucrose, l ...
Carbohydrates - Catherine Huff`s Site
... quickly depolymerize into units of glucose. Glycogen is mostly stored in the liver muscle tissue and can be rapidly turned into glucose to supply immediate demand. ...
... quickly depolymerize into units of glucose. Glycogen is mostly stored in the liver muscle tissue and can be rapidly turned into glucose to supply immediate demand. ...
E - ČVUT
... precise geometry of these spatial structures is given by regular distances between NH and CO groups in the backbone of a particular protein. Hydrogen and oxygen in these polar groups are attracted by the van der Waals force, by the hydrogen ...
... precise geometry of these spatial structures is given by regular distances between NH and CO groups in the backbone of a particular protein. Hydrogen and oxygen in these polar groups are attracted by the van der Waals force, by the hydrogen ...
Biochemistry http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterandchemistry
... by plants/year) Starch (in plants) – is stored in plant cell vacuoles. Glycogen (in animals) – highly branched starch – glycogen. (In mammals, glycogen stored in liver and muscles provides a quick source of energy. – Excess glucose ? taken up from the blood - stored where ? ...
... by plants/year) Starch (in plants) – is stored in plant cell vacuoles. Glycogen (in animals) – highly branched starch – glycogen. (In mammals, glycogen stored in liver and muscles provides a quick source of energy. – Excess glucose ? taken up from the blood - stored where ? ...
Hormones of the Gut
... Cholecystokinin (CCK) • 1928: Fat in small intestine stimulates the gall bladder to contract--cholecystokinin. • 1940s: Extract of duodenal mucosa stimulates pancreas to secrete enzymes-pancreozymin. • 1964-8: Purification of a single substance that stimulated both contraction of the gall bladder a ...
... Cholecystokinin (CCK) • 1928: Fat in small intestine stimulates the gall bladder to contract--cholecystokinin. • 1940s: Extract of duodenal mucosa stimulates pancreas to secrete enzymes-pancreozymin. • 1964-8: Purification of a single substance that stimulated both contraction of the gall bladder a ...
Microbial Technology - PDF - Axsys Direct Manufacturing
... To be effective, enzymes need to withstand storage, and acidic and organic breakdown. Our In the past, biological products have come in a few enzymes are produced using optimum microbial forms; bacteria formulations, enzyme producing strains and technology, and then stabilized using bacteria formula ...
... To be effective, enzymes need to withstand storage, and acidic and organic breakdown. Our In the past, biological products have come in a few enzymes are produced using optimum microbial forms; bacteria formulations, enzyme producing strains and technology, and then stabilized using bacteria formula ...
Food Science Test/Key
... C. An acidic D. A mixed 8. Less tender cuts of meat can be tenderized by using enzymes in ________________________that are extracted from the papaya fruit. A. Ficin B. Papain C. Bromelin D. Maltase 9. This essential nutrient provides the body with its most concentrated source of energy. A. Vitamins ...
... C. An acidic D. A mixed 8. Less tender cuts of meat can be tenderized by using enzymes in ________________________that are extracted from the papaya fruit. A. Ficin B. Papain C. Bromelin D. Maltase 9. This essential nutrient provides the body with its most concentrated source of energy. A. Vitamins ...
File - Wk 1-2
... A very small amount of absorption takes place in the stomach, but the majority occurs when the chime passes the pyloric sphincter into the small intestine The small intestine is the last and most important place for the absorption of food (but not water) The pancreas and liver are important secretar ...
... A very small amount of absorption takes place in the stomach, but the majority occurs when the chime passes the pyloric sphincter into the small intestine The small intestine is the last and most important place for the absorption of food (but not water) The pancreas and liver are important secretar ...
Digestion
Digestion is the breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small water-soluble food molecules so that they can be absorbed into the watery blood plasma. In certain organisms, these smaller substances are absorbed through the small intestine into the blood stream. Digestion is a form of catabolism that is often divided into two processes based on how food is broken down: mechanical and chemical digestion. The term mechanical digestion refers to the physical breakdown of large pieces of food into smaller pieces which can subsequently be accessed by digestive enzymes. In chemical digestion, enzymes break down food into the small molecules the body can use.In the human digestive system, food enters the mouth and mechanical digestion of the food starts by the action of mastication (chewing), a form of mechanical digestion, and the wetting contact of saliva. Saliva, a liquid secreted by the salivary glands, contains salivary amylase, an enzyme which starts the digestion of starch in the food; the saliva also contains mucus, which lubricates the food, and hydrogen carbonate, which provides the ideal conditions of pH (alkaline) for amylase to work. After undergoing mastication and starch digestion, the food will be in the form of a small, round slurry mass called a bolus. It will then travel down the esophagus and into the stomach by the action of peristalsis. Gastric juice in the stomach starts protein digestion. Gastric juice mainly contains hydrochloric acid and pepsin. As these two chemicals may damage the stomach wall, mucus is secreted by the stomach, providing a slimy layer that acts as a shield against the damaging effects of the chemicals. At the same time protein digestion is occurring, mechanical mixing occurs by peristalsis, which is waves of muscular contractions that move along the stomach wall. This allows the mass of food to further mix with the digestive enzymes.After some time (typically 1–2 hours in humans, 4–6 hours in dogs, 3–4 hours in house cats), the resulting thick liquid is called chyme. When the pyloric sphincter valve opens, chyme enters the duodenum where it mixes with digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile juice from the liver and then passes through the small intestine, in which digestion continues. When the chyme is fully digested, it is absorbed into the blood. 95% of absorption of nutrients occurs in the small intestine. Water and minerals are reabsorbed back into the blood in the colon (large intestine) where the pH is slightly acidic about 5.6 ~ 6.9. Some vitamins, such as biotin and vitamin K (K2MK7) produced by bacteria in the colon are also absorbed into the blood in the colon. Waste material is eliminated from the rectum during defecation.