Mechanism of action of exo-acting α-1,4-glucan lyase
... Abstract: α-1,4-Glucan lyase (GLase) performs a β-elimination reaction on α-1,4-glucans. However, GLase is different in many aspects from the polysaccharide lyase that also performs a β-elimination reaction on uronic acid containing sugars. While polysaccharide lyase mechanistically takes an anionic ...
... Abstract: α-1,4-Glucan lyase (GLase) performs a β-elimination reaction on α-1,4-glucans. However, GLase is different in many aspects from the polysaccharide lyase that also performs a β-elimination reaction on uronic acid containing sugars. While polysaccharide lyase mechanistically takes an anionic ...
Geochemical Journal
... acids) in carbonates and muddy sediments obeyed firstorder kinetics at 180 and 220°C, and that the rate at 220°C was three-fold greater than that at 180°C. Qian et al. (1993) showed that the decomposition rates of glycine, alanine, and glutamic acid obeyed first-order kinetics in aqueous solutions ...
... acids) in carbonates and muddy sediments obeyed firstorder kinetics at 180 and 220°C, and that the rate at 220°C was three-fold greater than that at 180°C. Qian et al. (1993) showed that the decomposition rates of glycine, alanine, and glutamic acid obeyed first-order kinetics in aqueous solutions ...
Engineering cell factories for producing building block chemicals for
... Synthetic polymers are widely used in daily life. Due to increasing environmental concerns related to global warming and the depletion of oil reserves, the development of microbial-based fermentation processes for the production of polymer building block chemicals from renewable resources is desirab ...
... Synthetic polymers are widely used in daily life. Due to increasing environmental concerns related to global warming and the depletion of oil reserves, the development of microbial-based fermentation processes for the production of polymer building block chemicals from renewable resources is desirab ...
Theme and variations in the evolutionary pathways to virulence of
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
Searching for Novel Riboswitches in Newly Sequenced Genomes
... Prokaryotic Transcription Termination by Riboswitches ...
... Prokaryotic Transcription Termination by Riboswitches ...
Regulation of nitrogen metabolism in gram
... metabolism. The assimilation of nitrogen in B. subtilis is controlled by two transcription factors, GlnR and TnrA, which belong to the MerR family of DNA-binding regulatory proteins [3, 4]. GlnR regulates the expression of the glnRA operon, which encodes glutamine synthase (GlnA). Under conditions o ...
... metabolism. The assimilation of nitrogen in B. subtilis is controlled by two transcription factors, GlnR and TnrA, which belong to the MerR family of DNA-binding regulatory proteins [3, 4]. GlnR regulates the expression of the glnRA operon, which encodes glutamine synthase (GlnA). Under conditions o ...
Document
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
Unsaturated Fatty Acids Increase Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor
... HUVECs and EA.hy926 cells were similar. Palmitic acid or stearic acid (0 to 50 mmol/L) had no major effect on PAI-1 secretion from either HUVECs or EA.hy926 cells. A small increase in PAI-1 release from HUVECs was obtained with 10 to 25 mmol/L stearic acid (Figure 1A). In contrast, oleic acid, linol ...
... HUVECs and EA.hy926 cells were similar. Palmitic acid or stearic acid (0 to 50 mmol/L) had no major effect on PAI-1 secretion from either HUVECs or EA.hy926 cells. A small increase in PAI-1 release from HUVECs was obtained with 10 to 25 mmol/L stearic acid (Figure 1A). In contrast, oleic acid, linol ...
Proteomic sensitivity to dietary manipulations in rainbow trout
... excretion was increased as well as the activities of hepatic glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate amino transferase (ASAT). No differences were found in free amino acid pools in either liver or muscle between diets. Protein extraction followed by high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, cou ...
... excretion was increased as well as the activities of hepatic glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate amino transferase (ASAT). No differences were found in free amino acid pools in either liver or muscle between diets. Protein extraction followed by high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis, cou ...
GLUCONEOGENESIS, GLYCOGEN SYNTHESIS & DEGRADATION
... Free energy of one ~P bond of ATP is conserved in the carboxylation reaction. Spontaneous decarboxylation contributes to spontaneity of the 2nd reaction. Cleavage of a second ~P bond of GTP also contributes to driving synthesis of PEP. ...
... Free energy of one ~P bond of ATP is conserved in the carboxylation reaction. Spontaneous decarboxylation contributes to spontaneity of the 2nd reaction. Cleavage of a second ~P bond of GTP also contributes to driving synthesis of PEP. ...
IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT)
... and flavonoids form the largest group. Simple monocyclic phenols, phenyl propanoids and phenolic quinines also exist considerably. Other important polyphenolics present in plants are lignins, melanins and tannins. Simple phenols include three dihydroxylbenzenes, viz., hydroquinone, catechol and reso ...
... and flavonoids form the largest group. Simple monocyclic phenols, phenyl propanoids and phenolic quinines also exist considerably. Other important polyphenolics present in plants are lignins, melanins and tannins. Simple phenols include three dihydroxylbenzenes, viz., hydroquinone, catechol and reso ...
Green Fluorescent Protein: A Reporter Molecule
... 238 amino acids Cylindrical fold Very stable structure that is resistant to denaturing ...
... 238 amino acids Cylindrical fold Very stable structure that is resistant to denaturing ...
AMP-forming acetyl-CoA synthetases in Archaea show
... but not CoA, involves formation of the acetyl-AMP intermediate and release of pyrophosphate (PPi). In the second step, the acetyl group is transferred to the sulfhydryl group of CoA and AMP is released. An inorganic pyrophosphatase draws the reaction in this forward direction by removing PPi, a pote ...
... but not CoA, involves formation of the acetyl-AMP intermediate and release of pyrophosphate (PPi). In the second step, the acetyl group is transferred to the sulfhydryl group of CoA and AMP is released. An inorganic pyrophosphatase draws the reaction in this forward direction by removing PPi, a pote ...
Water Soluble Vitamins
... nicotinic acid protein bound in corn – requires alkali treatment (lime) to release niacin ...
... nicotinic acid protein bound in corn – requires alkali treatment (lime) to release niacin ...
Recent Developments on the Mechanism and Kinetics
... Esters have played a significant role in daily living and chemical industry, such as plasticizers, fragrance, adhesive and lubricants (Joseph et al., 2005; Mbaraka & Shanks, 2006; Krause et al., 2009; Martínez et al., 2011). The vast majority of esters can be prepared using esterification reaction ...
... Esters have played a significant role in daily living and chemical industry, such as plasticizers, fragrance, adhesive and lubricants (Joseph et al., 2005; Mbaraka & Shanks, 2006; Krause et al., 2009; Martínez et al., 2011). The vast majority of esters can be prepared using esterification reaction ...
Immobilization_Mecha..
... dioxide, DNA immobilization and subsequent hybridization was highly dependent on the phosphorylation state of the probe DNA. For the DADA film, DNA immobilization and hybridization was less dependent on phosphorylation state, and maximum hybridization (as measured by PicoGreen fluorescence intensity) ...
... dioxide, DNA immobilization and subsequent hybridization was highly dependent on the phosphorylation state of the probe DNA. For the DADA film, DNA immobilization and hybridization was less dependent on phosphorylation state, and maximum hybridization (as measured by PicoGreen fluorescence intensity) ...
New lysosomal acid lipase gene mutants explain the phenotype of
... point mutations resulting in single amino acid substitutions, and small insertions or deletions that introduce stop codons have also been reported (4, 7, 9–14). These different mutations and/or their heteroallelic combinations could be responsible for the variable phenotypes observed. Although it ha ...
... point mutations resulting in single amino acid substitutions, and small insertions or deletions that introduce stop codons have also been reported (4, 7, 9–14). These different mutations and/or their heteroallelic combinations could be responsible for the variable phenotypes observed. Although it ha ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.