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Topic Two - OoCities
Topic Two - OoCities

...  Compounds containing carbon that are found in living organisms (except hydrogencarbonates, carbonates and oxides of carbon) (Example of organic molecules: )  (Hydrocarbon: contain only carbon and hydrogen, e.g. CH 4.)  (Carbohydrates: composed of sugars, including sugar, starch, cellulose etc. e ...
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Qualitative tests of amino acids

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Topic 1: Cell biology (15 hours)

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Application Note
Application Note

< 1 ... 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 ... 774 >

Biosynthesis



Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.
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