How life works
... genetic material, and ribosomes. This is all prokaryotic cells contain, whilst eukaryotic cells are far more advanced and contain internal structures called organelles. Ribosomes synthasise proteins from a set of 20 amino acids using information encoded on DNA or RNA via messenger RNA. The complex s ...
... genetic material, and ribosomes. This is all prokaryotic cells contain, whilst eukaryotic cells are far more advanced and contain internal structures called organelles. Ribosomes synthasise proteins from a set of 20 amino acids using information encoded on DNA or RNA via messenger RNA. The complex s ...
DNA polymerase
... Assembly is discontinuous because DNA is built in a discontinuous the exposed –OH group on the 3’ fashion, from the region nearest end is the only place where the fork opening. This new strand nucleotides can be joined together. is known as the “lagging strand”. DNA ligase then helps to join the Oka ...
... Assembly is discontinuous because DNA is built in a discontinuous the exposed –OH group on the 3’ fashion, from the region nearest end is the only place where the fork opening. This new strand nucleotides can be joined together. is known as the “lagging strand”. DNA ligase then helps to join the Oka ...
Syllabus 2012/2013 for Faculty of Medicine (English Division)
... 1. The structure of protein amino acids. 2. Reactions with amino and carboxyl group. Dehydratation of amino acids. 3. The classification of amino acids according to both the polarity and the structural features of their side chains (e. g. polar, nonpolar; aliphatic, aromatic; sulfur-containing; char ...
... 1. The structure of protein amino acids. 2. Reactions with amino and carboxyl group. Dehydratation of amino acids. 3. The classification of amino acids according to both the polarity and the structural features of their side chains (e. g. polar, nonpolar; aliphatic, aromatic; sulfur-containing; char ...
Bio 2 – Vocabulary--Biological Molecules
... A lipid constructed of rings of carbon atoms. It is the building block molecule of steroids and sex hormones. Also a component of cell membranes ...
... A lipid constructed of rings of carbon atoms. It is the building block molecule of steroids and sex hormones. Also a component of cell membranes ...
Chapter 6: An Introduction to Proteins
... Consider two proteins: myoglobin, a typical soluble protein, and rhodopsin, a typical membrane protein. Discuss briefly the probable arrangement of hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acid residues in each of the proteins in its native conformation. It may be helpful to draw simple diagrams. (8 pts) ...
... Consider two proteins: myoglobin, a typical soluble protein, and rhodopsin, a typical membrane protein. Discuss briefly the probable arrangement of hydrophobic and hydrophilic amino acid residues in each of the proteins in its native conformation. It may be helpful to draw simple diagrams. (8 pts) ...
Four Amino Acids Are Converted to Succinyl
... Seven amino acids form acetyl CoA and/or acetoacetyl-CoA. These amino acids are lysine, leucine,tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine,, isoleucine, and threonine. Leucine is ketogenic, forming acetyl CoA and acetoacetate. Lysine is exclusively ketogenic amino acid, converted to acetoacetyl CoA. Trypto ...
... Seven amino acids form acetyl CoA and/or acetoacetyl-CoA. These amino acids are lysine, leucine,tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine,, isoleucine, and threonine. Leucine is ketogenic, forming acetyl CoA and acetoacetate. Lysine is exclusively ketogenic amino acid, converted to acetoacetyl CoA. Trypto ...
CHEM523 Test 2
... 3) (10 points total) Leupeptin, also known as N-acetyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-Largininal (it has an aldehyde instead of the normal carboxylate on the carboxyterminus), is a naturally occurring compound that is a transition state-inhibitor of trypsin. a) (5 points) Draw the complex that would be formed b ...
... 3) (10 points total) Leupeptin, also known as N-acetyl-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-Largininal (it has an aldehyde instead of the normal carboxylate on the carboxyterminus), is a naturally occurring compound that is a transition state-inhibitor of trypsin. a) (5 points) Draw the complex that would be formed b ...
bacteriophage
... which has been identified. Adding together the size of all those proteins comes to 2330 amino acids, which1 would require 6990 nucleotides (3 2330) – substantially more than the total length of the genome Firstly the genes are very tightly packed – there is very little non-coding sequence in the gen ...
... which has been identified. Adding together the size of all those proteins comes to 2330 amino acids, which1 would require 6990 nucleotides (3 2330) – substantially more than the total length of the genome Firstly the genes are very tightly packed – there is very little non-coding sequence in the gen ...
the PDF
... condensed together so the permutations are endless! (Hence the huge variety of protein structures.) The bodies of living things cleverly build up proteins specific to the bodies’ needs from the supply of amino acids in the diet. Some amino acids can actually be made in the body given the correct mat ...
... condensed together so the permutations are endless! (Hence the huge variety of protein structures.) The bodies of living things cleverly build up proteins specific to the bodies’ needs from the supply of amino acids in the diet. Some amino acids can actually be made in the body given the correct mat ...
Chapter 1
... Successive (deoxy)ribose residues of a polynucleotide chain are joined by a phosphate group between the 3’position of one sugar and the 5’position of the next sugar. One end of the chain (conventionally the left) has a free 5’end and the other end has a free 3’end. DNA contains the four bases ad ...
... Successive (deoxy)ribose residues of a polynucleotide chain are joined by a phosphate group between the 3’position of one sugar and the 5’position of the next sugar. One end of the chain (conventionally the left) has a free 5’end and the other end has a free 3’end. DNA contains the four bases ad ...
The title: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid
... even get "reverse-threaded" or "left-handed" hardware, but it's rare. "Right-handed" means a helix or screw that will move away from you if you turn a screwdriver clockwise. Some Calculations. "We have assumed an angle of 36 degrees between adjacent residues in the same chain, so that the structure ...
... even get "reverse-threaded" or "left-handed" hardware, but it's rare. "Right-handed" means a helix or screw that will move away from you if you turn a screwdriver clockwise. Some Calculations. "We have assumed an angle of 36 degrees between adjacent residues in the same chain, so that the structure ...
Organic Chemistry/Biochemistry 1: Compounds Important to Life
... Phospholipid: a type of lipid in which the macromolecule is composed of two molecules of fatty acids and a phosphate group joined to one molecule of glycerol Phospolipids make up the cell membrane. Wax: a type of lipid in which the molecule consists of a long fatty acid chain joined to a long alco ...
... Phospholipid: a type of lipid in which the macromolecule is composed of two molecules of fatty acids and a phosphate group joined to one molecule of glycerol Phospolipids make up the cell membrane. Wax: a type of lipid in which the molecule consists of a long fatty acid chain joined to a long alco ...
Slide 1
... Protein Production • Production of proteins starts with DNA • DNA is in the nucleus • Requires mRNA to finish protein production mRNA: messenger RNA RNAi: RNA interference • Suppresses gene expression • Affects mRNA ...
... Protein Production • Production of proteins starts with DNA • DNA is in the nucleus • Requires mRNA to finish protein production mRNA: messenger RNA RNAi: RNA interference • Suppresses gene expression • Affects mRNA ...
DNA Sequencing:
... Sanger sequencing is a DNA sequencing method in which target DNA is denatured and annealed to an oligonucleotide primer, which is then extended by DNA polymerase using a mixture of deoxynucleotide triphosphates (normal dNTPs) and chain-terminating dideoxynucleotide triphosphates (ddNTPs). ddNTPs lac ...
... Sanger sequencing is a DNA sequencing method in which target DNA is denatured and annealed to an oligonucleotide primer, which is then extended by DNA polymerase using a mixture of deoxynucleotide triphosphates (normal dNTPs) and chain-terminating dideoxynucleotide triphosphates (ddNTPs). ddNTPs lac ...
Exam Review 2 10/2/16
... A. The Y-shaped region where the DNA is split into two separate strands for coding B. Growing as DNA replication proceeds because synthesis is bidirectional C. The location at which the replication process begins D. Present only in bacterial cells and not in eukaryotes 45. Reverse transcriptase is c ...
... A. The Y-shaped region where the DNA is split into two separate strands for coding B. Growing as DNA replication proceeds because synthesis is bidirectional C. The location at which the replication process begins D. Present only in bacterial cells and not in eukaryotes 45. Reverse transcriptase is c ...
THE NORMAL METABOLISM OF PHENYLALANINE (pathways a
... subjects (PKU). These are broken down into ketone bodies which appear in the urine. Other symptoms include skin lesions. ...
... subjects (PKU). These are broken down into ketone bodies which appear in the urine. Other symptoms include skin lesions. ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.