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(a) (c)
(a) (c)

... • Are used to store energy, insulate, and protect. • Are composed of long fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol backbone • Have a lot of bonds in their FACs and therefore store “a whole whack” of energy! ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... that grasp the zinc. This zinc finger is from a frog protein of unknown function. (A) Schematic drawing of the amino acid sequence of the zinc finger. (B) The three-dimensional structure of the zinc finger is constructed from an antiparallel b-sheet (amino acids 1 to 10) followed by an a-helix (amin ...
amino acid mixture
amino acid mixture

Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives

... 14. Explain how RNA polymerase recognizes where transcription should begin. Describe the role of the promoter, the terminator, and the transcription unit. 15. Explain the general process of transcription, including the three major steps of initiation, elongation, and termination. 16. Explain how RNA ...
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives

... 14. Explain how RNA polymerase recognizes where transcription should begin. Describe the role of the promoter, the terminator, and the transcription unit. 15. Explain the general process of transcription, including the three major steps of initiation, elongation, and termination. 16. Explain how RNA ...
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Biochemistry_Short_Course

... Share electrons unequally Asymmetrical Has + and – charged poles ...
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... Because there is a mutation of valine instead of glutamic acid, so HbS has charge different from HbA charge, it is more positive and so it migrate more faster in electrophoresis. Because it carries higher net charge than HbA. According to this there will be two different bands, one on the A region, ...
Biological importance of Uronic Acid Pathway
Biological importance of Uronic Acid Pathway

... HMP pathway is the major human source for production of NADPH.H+ required for: 1. Fatty acid synthesis (lipogenesis) and fatty acid desaturation. 2. Cholesterol synthesis. 3. Other steroid synthesis. 4. Synthesis of sphingosine and cerebrosides. 5. Synthesis of non-essential amino acids, e.g., glut ...
On the Propeller Structure of Isolated Watson
On the Propeller Structure of Isolated Watson

... The nucleotide sequence dependence of the D N A and R N A secondary structure is a problem of current interest in molecular biophysics. The key role of stacking interactions in determining this dependence is widely accepted [1, 2], It is be­ lieved that the propeller twisting of base pairs, ob­ serv ...
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Codrea_Biochem_07 - The University of Texas at Austin

... changed to signify the type of bonding of the atom. This bonding is typically designated as the number 3 for sp3, 2 for sp2, or 0 for hydrogens. A binary representation of the ligand is created and the atoms in the ligand that act as hydrogen bond acceptors or donors must be listed. A hydrogen bond ...
Dietary Protein Quality: Its importance in Nutrition and Health
Dietary Protein Quality: Its importance in Nutrition and Health

... >  Support optimal organ function (eg muscle mass and strength). >  Amino acids have specific metabolic roles (eg leucine and muscle protein synthesis; glutamate and gut energy supply; tryptophan and serotonin synthesis; arginine and nitric oxide production). ...
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12 Enzymes 9 28 05

... active site by weak interactions, such as hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds. 3 Active site (and R groups of its amino acids) can lower EA and speed up a reaction by • acting as a template for substrate orientation, • stressing the substrates and stabilizing the transition state, • providing a favorable ...
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... Research has shown that chelated minerals are very important to plant nutrition; hence many companies have rushed to the marketplace with their own brands of “chelated minerals” without doing any research to determine whether or not their methods of chelation will actually enhance the absorption of ...
Chapter 16
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... 4. A particular triplet of bases in the coding sequence of DNA is AAA. The anticodon on the tRNA that binds the mRNA codon is a. TTT. b. UUA. c. UUU. d. AAA. e. either UAA or TAA, depending on wobble in the first base. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
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The Synthetic Machinery of the Cell
The Synthetic Machinery of the Cell

... Ribosomes have four binding sites, important for their function in protein synthesis: 1. Groove for binding of m-RNA 2. Amino-acyl site (A) - for binding to t- RNA 3. Peptidyl transferase site (PT) - for binding a newly added amino acid by peptide bonds P A 4. Peptidyl site (P) - for the growing pol ...
Name:______________________________
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... You should have only lost one point if you simply interchanged the phi and psi angles. iii) Draw one hydrogen bond that you would expect to find in this structure. Label the donor and acceptor atoms and indicate the typical length for a hydrogen bond.(2 pts) The best answer would be a main-chain hyd ...
Uracil-DNA Glycosylase (UDG)
Uracil-DNA Glycosylase (UDG)

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... the pentose phosphate pathway. • G6PD converts glucose-6-phosphate into 6-phosphogluconoδ-lactone • This is the rate-limiting enzyme of this metabolic pathway that supplies reducing energy to cells by maintaining the level of the co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) • The NAD ...
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Gene Section ATIC (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase)

... Found in rare cases of ALK+ anaplasic large cell lymphoma. Cytogenetics Hidden translocation most often. Hybrid/Mutated gene 5' ATIC - 3' ALK. ...
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Minimum Essential Medium Eagle (MEM)

... Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) is a modification of Basal Medium Eagle (BME). It was developed by Harry Eagle to meet the specific nutritional requirements of certain subtypes of HeLa cells and normal mammalian fibroblasts. MEM includes higher concentration of amino acids so as to closely approximat ...
< 1 ... 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 ... 774 >

Biosynthesis



Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.
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