The Synthetic Machinery of the Cell
... Ribosomes have four binding sites, important for their function in protein synthesis: 1. Groove for binding of m-RNA 2. Amino-acyl site (A) - for binding to t- RNA 3. Peptidyl transferase site (PT) - for binding a newly added amino acid by peptide bonds P A 4. Peptidyl site (P) - for the growing pol ...
... Ribosomes have four binding sites, important for their function in protein synthesis: 1. Groove for binding of m-RNA 2. Amino-acyl site (A) - for binding to t- RNA 3. Peptidyl transferase site (PT) - for binding a newly added amino acid by peptide bonds P A 4. Peptidyl site (P) - for the growing pol ...
Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions 13:
... The symbiosis between the soil bacteria genus Rhizobium and legumes culminates in a new morphological structure, the nodule, where rhizobial bacteroids use plant photosynthates to fuel biological nitrogen fixation (Vance and Heichel 1991). It is generally accepted that C4-dicarboxylic acids are the ...
... The symbiosis between the soil bacteria genus Rhizobium and legumes culminates in a new morphological structure, the nodule, where rhizobial bacteroids use plant photosynthates to fuel biological nitrogen fixation (Vance and Heichel 1991). It is generally accepted that C4-dicarboxylic acids are the ...
Slide 1
... 5) Regulated → switchable, allows control of cell → activation/inhibition 6) Catalysis → groups work in concert 7) Replication → turnover e.g. an enzyme has many turnovers, nucleic acids replicate ...
... 5) Regulated → switchable, allows control of cell → activation/inhibition 6) Catalysis → groups work in concert 7) Replication → turnover e.g. an enzyme has many turnovers, nucleic acids replicate ...
Fuel Metabolism PART 1: Structure and Function of Protein
... change the concentration of reactants and products at equilibrium; that is, the Keq is not affected by an enzyme. 8-D. Although heme is contained in the cytochromes of the electron transport chain, the protein globin is not present. 9-C. Thiamine pyrophosphate forms a covalent intermediate with the ...
... change the concentration of reactants and products at equilibrium; that is, the Keq is not affected by an enzyme. 8-D. Although heme is contained in the cytochromes of the electron transport chain, the protein globin is not present. 9-C. Thiamine pyrophosphate forms a covalent intermediate with the ...
Amino Acids - Building Blocks of Proteins
... A core idea in the life sciences is that there is a fundamental relationship between a biological structure and the function it must perform. At the macro level, Darwin recognized that the structure of a finch’s beak was related to the food it ate. This fundamental structure-function relationship is ...
... A core idea in the life sciences is that there is a fundamental relationship between a biological structure and the function it must perform. At the macro level, Darwin recognized that the structure of a finch’s beak was related to the food it ate. This fundamental structure-function relationship is ...
Transcript
... DNA presents a small challenge. As the DNA is threaded through the replication complex, one of the template strands will separate in the 3’ to 5’ direction, the other in the 5’ to 3’ direction. From the template strand running in the 3’ to 5’ direction, synthesis of a complementary strand will proce ...
... DNA presents a small challenge. As the DNA is threaded through the replication complex, one of the template strands will separate in the 3’ to 5’ direction, the other in the 5’ to 3’ direction. From the template strand running in the 3’ to 5’ direction, synthesis of a complementary strand will proce ...
Gene Section CREB3L2 (cAMP responsive element binding
... CREM, ATF1, ATF6 and CREBL1. The leucine zipper motif of CREB3L2 is similar to that in CREB3L3 and CREB3L4 (pattern L-X6-C-X6-L-X6-L-X6-L-X6-L). It contains six repeats and consists of five leucines and one cysteine at the second heptad position (amino acid 328) of the leucine zipper. Downstream of ...
... CREM, ATF1, ATF6 and CREBL1. The leucine zipper motif of CREB3L2 is similar to that in CREB3L3 and CREB3L4 (pattern L-X6-C-X6-L-X6-L-X6-L-X6-L). It contains six repeats and consists of five leucines and one cysteine at the second heptad position (amino acid 328) of the leucine zipper. Downstream of ...
Proteins - churchillcollegebiblio
... • Some protein chains are attracted to other protein chains. • Work with the other team and try putting your protein model next to their protein model in a way that still follows the rules of protein folding. • Make a drawing to show the quaternary structure of your protein model (Step D of your ...
... • Some protein chains are attracted to other protein chains. • Work with the other team and try putting your protein model next to their protein model in a way that still follows the rules of protein folding. • Make a drawing to show the quaternary structure of your protein model (Step D of your ...
Proteins include a diversity of structures
... around an imaginary axis, forming a double helix The backbones run in opposite 5 → 3 directions from each other, an arrangement referred to as antiparallel One DNA molecule includes many genes ...
... around an imaginary axis, forming a double helix The backbones run in opposite 5 → 3 directions from each other, an arrangement referred to as antiparallel One DNA molecule includes many genes ...
Unit I - E
... participates in chemical reactions. Most compounds in the body, including proteins, must interact with an aqueous medium function. In spite of the variation in the amount of water we ingest each day and produce from metabolism, our body maintains a nearly constant amount of water that is approximate ...
... participates in chemical reactions. Most compounds in the body, including proteins, must interact with an aqueous medium function. In spite of the variation in the amount of water we ingest each day and produce from metabolism, our body maintains a nearly constant amount of water that is approximate ...
PS 3 Answers
... (viii) Draw out the products and reactants of the urea cycle. Circle the steps that require the hydrolysis of ATP. (see Figure on Pg 666 of Lehninger) The carbamoyl phosphate synthase I step and the argininosuccinate synthetase step, which are the ATP-dependent steps, and they should be circled. ...
... (viii) Draw out the products and reactants of the urea cycle. Circle the steps that require the hydrolysis of ATP. (see Figure on Pg 666 of Lehninger) The carbamoyl phosphate synthase I step and the argininosuccinate synthetase step, which are the ATP-dependent steps, and they should be circled. ...
Chapter 5 Spring 2017
... 12. What is the purpose of feedback inhibition in biochemical pathways? How does it work? 13. What does “ATP” stand for? 14. Compare and contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. What is chemiosmosis? 15. Describe the similarities and differences between aerobic and ana ...
... 12. What is the purpose of feedback inhibition in biochemical pathways? How does it work? 13. What does “ATP” stand for? 14. Compare and contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. What is chemiosmosis? 15. Describe the similarities and differences between aerobic and ana ...
For the following mix equal volumes of one solution from Group I
... For the following, mix equal volumes of one solution from Group I with one solution from Group II to achieve the indicated general pH. Then calculate the actual pH of the mixed solution (this requires setting up an I.C.E. table). a. b. c. ...
... For the following, mix equal volumes of one solution from Group I with one solution from Group II to achieve the indicated general pH. Then calculate the actual pH of the mixed solution (this requires setting up an I.C.E. table). a. b. c. ...
acid
... • Coenzymes – organic cofactors derived from water-soluble vitamins (niacin, riboflavin) – transfer electrons between enzymes ...
... • Coenzymes – organic cofactors derived from water-soluble vitamins (niacin, riboflavin) – transfer electrons between enzymes ...
Extra slides (lecture Mon. 11/2)
... attacking the same phosphate as before. Now, His119 acts as a general base and His12 acts as a general acid, protonating the leaving group (the 2’OH). The two steps are a simple reversal, including the roles of the side chains. Only the substrate participants are different (H20 vs sugar 5’OH). ...
... attacking the same phosphate as before. Now, His119 acts as a general base and His12 acts as a general acid, protonating the leaving group (the 2’OH). The two steps are a simple reversal, including the roles of the side chains. Only the substrate participants are different (H20 vs sugar 5’OH). ...
Metabolic engineering Synthetic Biology
... No economic concerns associated with land management Avoids adverse impact on food supplies ...
... No economic concerns associated with land management Avoids adverse impact on food supplies ...
The Replication of DNA
... sepatate these DNA circles There is no inherent toplogical linkage after the replication of a linear molecule , the large size of the eukaryotic chromsomes necessitates the intrcate folding of the DNA into loops attached to a protein scaffold , and these loops must separated by topoisomerases . ...
... sepatate these DNA circles There is no inherent toplogical linkage after the replication of a linear molecule , the large size of the eukaryotic chromsomes necessitates the intrcate folding of the DNA into loops attached to a protein scaffold , and these loops must separated by topoisomerases . ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.