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a source of carbon , essential amino acids , essential fatty acids
a source of carbon , essential amino acids , essential fatty acids

... •Insects require basically the same nutrients as most other animals: a source of carbon , essential amino acids , essential fatty acids , inorganic salts , vitamins and a source of sterol. Water is also an essential nutrient. •Essential Nutrients are nutrients that require a diet source since they c ...
B7 Enzymes
B7 Enzymes

... B.7.4 Determine Vmax and the value of the Michaelis constant (Km) by graphical means and explain its significance. (3) B.7.5 Describe the mechanism of enzyme action, including enzyme substrate complex, active site and induced fit model. (2) B.7.6 Compare competitive inhibition and non-competitive in ...
PDF - Biochemical Journal
PDF - Biochemical Journal

... and non-activated enzyme; protection by glutSimplified, non-isotopic methods of chloride analysis have been developed and validated by amate (20 mM) or NAD (0- 6 mm) was negligible. direct comparison with isotope-dilution results. Activation by ADP is rapid. With NAD greater than The most reliable o ...
Kretsu Anna PFUR
Kretsu Anna PFUR

Lipids MCAS Practice Name: Date: 1. All living things contain which
Lipids MCAS Practice Name: Date: 1. All living things contain which

... which will allow light to pass through it. Which food would give the most positive test for lipids? ...
Bioc 3111 - Faculty Web Pages
Bioc 3111 - Faculty Web Pages

... molecules and those seen in organic chemistry is that biological molecules are usually much larger and most are in an aqueous environment. Biochemistry at SPSU (and most universities) is divided into two main parts. The first (BIOC 3111) focuses mainly on the structure and function of the biomolecul ...
Chapter 4 DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information
Chapter 4 DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

... fixed starting point codon, AUG. After the reading begins, every set of three bases codes for one amino acid in the protein sequence. If an insertion or a deletion occurs, there can be a completely different set of codes after the mutation which can result in a garbage sequence and a nonfunctional p ...
Nutrition
Nutrition

... temperature whereas the shell (the skin) has the lowest temp 3. Blood serves as the major heat-exchange agent between the core and the shell A) When blood is deep in the organs, heat loss is minimal B) When blood is in the skin capillaries, heat loss is at its maximum ...
Complete GMEM-10 Add the following in order given, using aseptic
Complete GMEM-10 Add the following in order given, using aseptic

CHAPTER 14
CHAPTER 14

... There are two common structures for protein molecules, an  helix and a pleated sheet. The helical structure is stabilized by intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the NH and CO groups of the main chain, giving rise to an overall rodlike shape. The CO group of each amino acid is hydrogen-bonded ...
B insight review articles
B insight review articles

... the vast majority of enzymes. Even if the target enzyme is well characterized, the molecular basis for the desired function may not be. With hundreds and even thousands of atoms that interact weakly with each other in an ensemble of closely related and interconverting folded conformations, the compl ...
Integration and regulation of fuel metabolism in maintaining
Integration and regulation of fuel metabolism in maintaining

... what was an asset during evolution has become a liability in the current ‘pathoenvironment’ or ‘obesogenic’ environment [1] This hypothesis of the ‘thrifty genotype’ has, however, recently been challenged by Speakman [2] who offers an alternative explanation called the ‘predation release’ hypothesis ...
DNA and Transcription Tutorial
DNA and Transcription Tutorial

... Place your keyboard aside. Only use the mouse. ...
Cell Respiration Exam - Data Analysis and Essay Markscheme
Cell Respiration Exam - Data Analysis and Essay Markscheme

... more H+ outside (from electron transport chain); concentration gradient of H+ is formed / potential energy; H+ movement across membrane through protein channels in ATP synthetase; ADP is phosphorylated / picks up phosphate to ATP; ATP has more energy than ADP; chemiosmosis; ...
Nitrosation of aspartic acid, aspartame, and glycine ethylester
Nitrosation of aspartic acid, aspartame, and glycine ethylester

... the effect of the side chain on the preceding steps is not known. In this report, the nitrosation of amino acids and derivatives, including the artificial sweetener aspartame, is investigated in vitro in order to determine the rate of nitrosation. The alkylating activity is studied with a model nucl ...
Pyruvate to Acetyl Coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA)
Pyruvate to Acetyl Coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA)

The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein
The Blueprint of Life, from DNA to Protein

... every aspect of that cell. Thus, the sequential order of nucleotide bases in a cell’s DNA ultimately dictates the characteristics of that cell. ■ amino acids, p. 25 ■ protein structure, p. 27 ■ flagella, p. 63 ■ enzymes, pp. 131, 138 ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Don’t forget to go: …coding DNA …template DNA …mRNA …A A ...
GeneChip Hybridization
GeneChip Hybridization

... Staining the biotinylated cRNA An automated system to stain the target using streptavidin-phycoerythrin [SAPE], a biotinylated anti-SAPE antibody, and SAPE again… high and low stringency buffers are used ...
Lecture 32: Protein (Part-I)
Lecture 32: Protein (Part-I)

... control several events.They are the building blocks and work as enzyme to participate in metabolic reactions of the organism. Peptide Bonds: Proteins are polymers of amino acids, joined by the covalent bonds, known as pepide bond. A peptide bond is formed between carboxyl group of first and amino gr ...
WYSE – “Academic Challenge” - Worldwide Youth in Science and
WYSE – “Academic Challenge” - Worldwide Youth in Science and

... Which of the following functional groups is in every amino acid? ...
Assignment No: One (1) Student details: Chebo
Assignment No: One (1) Student details: Chebo

... These structures are held in place by hydrogen bonds. Protein chains may fold into a globular shape. This is the tertiary structure of a protein. These globular proteins include enzymes and immunoglobins. The structures are held in place by hydrogen bonds, disulfide bridges and ionic bonds. The prec ...
biological background the central dogma of molecular biology
biological background the central dogma of molecular biology

1 A
1 A

... The following basic conclusions can be drawn from the data in the above Table: (i) a decrease in the redox potential means stabilisation of the FeIII state as compared to FeII. That is, in the presence of hydroxide, cyanide, or oxalate ions FeII can be oxidised to FeIII or FeIII can hardly be reduce ...
Chapter 14: History of Life
Chapter 14: History of Life

... – Miller-Urey Apparatus tested Oparin’s hypothesis – Treated compounds with heat & electricity – Produced amino acids; later ATP & nucleotides too ...
< 1 ... 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 ... 774 >

Biosynthesis



Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.
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