Outline
... – a substance in food that is used by the body to promote normal growth, maintenance, and repair ...
... – a substance in food that is used by the body to promote normal growth, maintenance, and repair ...
Carbohydrates Lipids (Fats) Proteins Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA)
... Carbohydrates Lipids (Fats) Proteins Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA) ...
... Carbohydrates Lipids (Fats) Proteins Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA) ...
Cell Cycle
... chemical energy. This occurs when sunlight strikes the chlorophyll. Light is transferred to electrons, which then passes through an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a series of proteins embedded in the thylakoid membrane. ...
... chemical energy. This occurs when sunlight strikes the chlorophyll. Light is transferred to electrons, which then passes through an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a series of proteins embedded in the thylakoid membrane. ...
Biology-1 Exam Two Sample Questions Substrates bind to an
... 2. Which of the following statements regarding enzyme function is false? a. An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape. b. Enzymes are very specific for certain substrates. c. Enzymes are used up in chemical reactions. d. Enzymes emerge unchanged from the reactions they catalyze. e. ...
... 2. Which of the following statements regarding enzyme function is false? a. An enzyme's function depends on its three-dimensional shape. b. Enzymes are very specific for certain substrates. c. Enzymes are used up in chemical reactions. d. Enzymes emerge unchanged from the reactions they catalyze. e. ...
The Chemistry of Carbon
... The study of carbon compounds C atoms are versatile building blocks ◦4 stable covalent bonds ...
... The study of carbon compounds C atoms are versatile building blocks ◦4 stable covalent bonds ...
Study Guide and Potential Essay Questions for Chapter 25
... hypothermia, Krebs’ cycle (TCA or citric acid cycle), lactic acid (lactate), metabolic rate, metabolic water, metabolism, minerals, mitochondrial matrix and inner membrane, NAD+/NADH + H+, nutrient, oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate-to-acetate step, reduction, substrate level phosphoryl ...
... hypothermia, Krebs’ cycle (TCA or citric acid cycle), lactic acid (lactate), metabolic rate, metabolic water, metabolism, minerals, mitochondrial matrix and inner membrane, NAD+/NADH + H+, nutrient, oxidation, oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate-to-acetate step, reduction, substrate level phosphoryl ...
Chapter 5 - SchoolRack
... Amino acids are the monomers of proteins Organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups 20 types of AAs that make up 1000s of different proteins AAs are linked together by peptide bonds ...
... Amino acids are the monomers of proteins Organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups 20 types of AAs that make up 1000s of different proteins AAs are linked together by peptide bonds ...
Metabolism part 1
... cell is able to use glucose and turn it into energy to carry on life processes. ...
... cell is able to use glucose and turn it into energy to carry on life processes. ...
the chemistry of organic molecules
... 3. Polysaccharides-sugars that are composed of more than 2 monosaccharides that are covalently bonded together. These are often very large molecules. a. What types of reactions are these formed by? b. Types of Polysaccharides 1. Starch-a stored form of glucose in plant cells. Plants can use starch f ...
... 3. Polysaccharides-sugars that are composed of more than 2 monosaccharides that are covalently bonded together. These are often very large molecules. a. What types of reactions are these formed by? b. Types of Polysaccharides 1. Starch-a stored form of glucose in plant cells. Plants can use starch f ...
Chapter 6: Cells 2
... •The stroma contains DNA, ribosomes, and enzymes for part of photosynthesis. •The thylakoids, flattened sacs, are stacked into grana and are critical for converting light to chemical energy. ...
... •The stroma contains DNA, ribosomes, and enzymes for part of photosynthesis. •The thylakoids, flattened sacs, are stacked into grana and are critical for converting light to chemical energy. ...
Organic Molecules - Riverdale Middle School
... • Contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life • Red meat, shellfish, mushrooms, and peas • Examples: – DNA – genetic material that carries information about an organism; directs cell functions; found in the cell’s nucleus – RNA – makes proteins ...
... • Contain the instructions that cells need to carry out all the functions of life • Red meat, shellfish, mushrooms, and peas • Examples: – DNA – genetic material that carries information about an organism; directs cell functions; found in the cell’s nucleus – RNA – makes proteins ...
1. Cells have selectively permeable membranes that regulate what
... 6. Photosynthesis is the process that plants and other organisms (algae and some bacteria) use to convert light energy into chemical energy or sugars to be used as food. 7. Organisms that can’t make their own food are consumers/heterotrophs. 8. 2 products of photosynthesis are oxygen and glucose (su ...
... 6. Photosynthesis is the process that plants and other organisms (algae and some bacteria) use to convert light energy into chemical energy or sugars to be used as food. 7. Organisms that can’t make their own food are consumers/heterotrophs. 8. 2 products of photosynthesis are oxygen and glucose (su ...
Extra Credit to replace the Survival of the Fittest Lab
... The four main classes of organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) that are essential to the proper functioning of all living things are known as polymers or macromolecules. All of these compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratio ...
... The four main classes of organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) that are essential to the proper functioning of all living things are known as polymers or macromolecules. All of these compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratio ...
Lecture-Intro to metabolism - Creighton Chemistry Webserver
... 2. Metabolic reactions occur in many small steps - “pathways” Why so many steps? Many enzymes in series result in complex transformation Energy released at a small step can be captured efficiently Cells mainly use one type of energy packet (ATP) to fuel any small step Different metabolic processes c ...
... 2. Metabolic reactions occur in many small steps - “pathways” Why so many steps? Many enzymes in series result in complex transformation Energy released at a small step can be captured efficiently Cells mainly use one type of energy packet (ATP) to fuel any small step Different metabolic processes c ...
BEST - Doral Academy Preparatory
... -Proteins are made up of amino acids – 20 common amino acids can combine to make thousands of different proteins. -A protein called an enzyme speeds up chemical reactions in the cells. ...
... -Proteins are made up of amino acids – 20 common amino acids can combine to make thousands of different proteins. -A protein called an enzyme speeds up chemical reactions in the cells. ...
18.3 Important Coenzymes
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
... • These are nucleotide molecules • accept/deliver electrons for redox reactions • accept/delivers phosphates to generate ATP ...
Unit 1 - Elgin Academy
... hydrogen combines with NADP to form NADPH Energy is used to form ATP. The NADPH2 and ATP are used for carbon fixation. Carbon fixation occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts. The reactions involved in carbon fixation are controlled by enzymes. During carbon fixation CO2 combines with 5C RuBP to fo ...
... hydrogen combines with NADP to form NADPH Energy is used to form ATP. The NADPH2 and ATP are used for carbon fixation. Carbon fixation occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts. The reactions involved in carbon fixation are controlled by enzymes. During carbon fixation CO2 combines with 5C RuBP to fo ...
Section 2-1: Nature of Matter
... Read the appropriate section in the textbook and look at the lecture notes before answering the following questions. You must put all answers and definitions in your own words for full credit. Section 2-1 The Nature of Matter Define the following terms in your own words. ...
... Read the appropriate section in the textbook and look at the lecture notes before answering the following questions. You must put all answers and definitions in your own words for full credit. Section 2-1 The Nature of Matter Define the following terms in your own words. ...
36. ______ layers of ______ make up the cell membrane.
... The four main classes of organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) that are essential to the proper functioning of all living things are known as polymers or macromolecules. All of these compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratio ...
... The four main classes of organic compounds (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) that are essential to the proper functioning of all living things are known as polymers or macromolecules. All of these compounds are built primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen but in different ratio ...
Section 7-1
... VOCABULARY REVIEW 1. Aerobic respiration is the set of pathways in cellular respiration that require oxygen to break down pyruvic acid. 2. The mitochondrial matrix is the space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 3. The Krebs cycle is a biochemical pathway that breaks down acetyl coenzyme ...
... VOCABULARY REVIEW 1. Aerobic respiration is the set of pathways in cellular respiration that require oxygen to break down pyruvic acid. 2. The mitochondrial matrix is the space inside the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. 3. The Krebs cycle is a biochemical pathway that breaks down acetyl coenzyme ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration
... Concept 9.1: Catabolic Pathways Yield Energy By Oxidizing Organic Fuels o Catabolic Pathways and Production of ATP o Redox Reactions: Oxidation and Reduction Concept 9.2: Glycolysis Harvests Chemical Energy By Oxidizing Glucose To Pyruvate Concept 9.3: The Citric Acid Cycle Concept 9.4: During Oxida ...
... Concept 9.1: Catabolic Pathways Yield Energy By Oxidizing Organic Fuels o Catabolic Pathways and Production of ATP o Redox Reactions: Oxidation and Reduction Concept 9.2: Glycolysis Harvests Chemical Energy By Oxidizing Glucose To Pyruvate Concept 9.3: The Citric Acid Cycle Concept 9.4: During Oxida ...
Chemistry Comes Alive: Part B Classes of Compounds • Inorganic
... • Unique to living systems • Include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Organic Compounds • Many are polymers—chains of similar units (monomers or building blocks) • Synthesized by dehydration synthesis • Broken down by hydrolysis reactions ...
... • Unique to living systems • Include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Organic Compounds • Many are polymers—chains of similar units (monomers or building blocks) • Synthesized by dehydration synthesis • Broken down by hydrolysis reactions ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.