The Proton Motive Force
... participate in electron transport Accept electrons and protons but pass along electrons only The Proton Motive Force Electron transport system oriented in cytoplasmic membrane so that electrons are separated from protons The final carrier in the chain donates the electrons and protons to the termina ...
... participate in electron transport Accept electrons and protons but pass along electrons only The Proton Motive Force Electron transport system oriented in cytoplasmic membrane so that electrons are separated from protons The final carrier in the chain donates the electrons and protons to the termina ...
study-guide-solutions-biochemistry
... 9. (a) Saturated fatty acids contain long, regular hydrocarbon chains and can pack tightly together. Unsaturated fatty acids include some double bonds, which cause a kink in the chain. They cannot pack as tightly and are more likely to be liquid. (b) Warm-blooded mammals and birds maintain higher bo ...
... 9. (a) Saturated fatty acids contain long, regular hydrocarbon chains and can pack tightly together. Unsaturated fatty acids include some double bonds, which cause a kink in the chain. They cannot pack as tightly and are more likely to be liquid. (b) Warm-blooded mammals and birds maintain higher bo ...
Addition of the following reactions responsible for the synthesis of
... a. phosphatidate, old: C1836H3398O400P50, new: C1682H3116O413P50 b. phosphatidylglycerol, old: C1986H3748O500P50, new: C1832H3466O513P50 c. phosphatidylserine, old: C1986H3698N50O500P50, new: C1832H3416N50O513P50 d. CDP-diacylglycerol, old: C2286H3998N150O750P100, new: C2132H3716N150O763P100 e. card ...
... a. phosphatidate, old: C1836H3398O400P50, new: C1682H3116O413P50 b. phosphatidylglycerol, old: C1986H3748O500P50, new: C1832H3466O513P50 c. phosphatidylserine, old: C1986H3698N50O500P50, new: C1832H3416N50O513P50 d. CDP-diacylglycerol, old: C2286H3998N150O750P100, new: C2132H3716N150O763P100 e. card ...
Document
... • This reaction is catalyzed by NO synthase, which is found in many tissues and cell types. ...
... • This reaction is catalyzed by NO synthase, which is found in many tissues and cell types. ...
ReadingStudyGuide1.W97
... energy (i.e. the energy not captured to make ATP)? 19. Briefly describe each of the following anaerobic pathways: lactate fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. In each case, describe the substrate, the end products, gross and net ATP yield, and coenzyme yield. How are these pathways commercially ...
... energy (i.e. the energy not captured to make ATP)? 19. Briefly describe each of the following anaerobic pathways: lactate fermentation and alcoholic fermentation. In each case, describe the substrate, the end products, gross and net ATP yield, and coenzyme yield. How are these pathways commercially ...
PASS MOCK EXAM
... b. Can not be broken down as an energy source c. Form intermediates that enter glycolysis to form ATP d. Have decreased glucose uptake in the presence of insulin 7. Which of the following statements about polysaccharides is FALSE? a. Amylose is an energy storage polysaccharide with both α(1à4) and ...
... b. Can not be broken down as an energy source c. Form intermediates that enter glycolysis to form ATP d. Have decreased glucose uptake in the presence of insulin 7. Which of the following statements about polysaccharides is FALSE? a. Amylose is an energy storage polysaccharide with both α(1à4) and ...
Hein and Arena
... - Ex: palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH 2) Proteins (amino acids) - Source of reduced carbon atoms that can be catabolized to provide cellular energy. - Provide the major pool of usable nitrogen for cells. ...
... - Ex: palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH 2) Proteins (amino acids) - Source of reduced carbon atoms that can be catabolized to provide cellular energy. - Provide the major pool of usable nitrogen for cells. ...
Table S1. - BioMed Central
... Key enzyme of the glycolysis; PFK-1 is inhibited by ATP and citrate (from the citric acid cycle) [127]. Executes the final step of aerobic glycolysis, favors the conversion of pyruvate to lactate; target of new antineoplastic pharmacologic agents ...
... Key enzyme of the glycolysis; PFK-1 is inhibited by ATP and citrate (from the citric acid cycle) [127]. Executes the final step of aerobic glycolysis, favors the conversion of pyruvate to lactate; target of new antineoplastic pharmacologic agents ...
Chapter 3 (part 2) – Protein Function
... • Enzymes and bound ligand go through a number of intermediate forms of different geometry. They are all called transition states. • The energy that it takes to get to the most unstable transition state is called the activation energy. • Enzymes speed reactions by selectively stabilizing the transi ...
... • Enzymes and bound ligand go through a number of intermediate forms of different geometry. They are all called transition states. • The energy that it takes to get to the most unstable transition state is called the activation energy. • Enzymes speed reactions by selectively stabilizing the transi ...
Characteristics of Living Things
... attached to each other, but have few specialized structures. ...
... attached to each other, but have few specialized structures. ...
APDC Unit IV Biochem
... Each cell has thousands of different macromolecules Macromolecules vary among cells of an organism, vary more within a species, and vary even more between species An immense variety of polymers can be built from a small set of monomers ...
... Each cell has thousands of different macromolecules Macromolecules vary among cells of an organism, vary more within a species, and vary even more between species An immense variety of polymers can be built from a small set of monomers ...
File ch2 sect1 characteristics of living things (organisms1
... • Other important elements include Iron (Fe), Calcium (Ca), Phosphorous (P), and Sulfur (S). ...
... • Other important elements include Iron (Fe), Calcium (Ca), Phosphorous (P), and Sulfur (S). ...
Bio 210 Cell Chemistry Lecture 4 “Sugars and Fats”
... of molecules to be made. Our cells contain a variety of different macromolecules to carry out their functions. These are made from only about 40 or 50 types of small molecules. Putting together the pieces in different ways enables a variety of large molecules each ...
... of molecules to be made. Our cells contain a variety of different macromolecules to carry out their functions. These are made from only about 40 or 50 types of small molecules. Putting together the pieces in different ways enables a variety of large molecules each ...
Chemistry 100 Name
... 1. What is the name of the individual units that make up the chain of polypeptides? ...
... 1. What is the name of the individual units that make up the chain of polypeptides? ...
WHAT`S A CARBOHYDRATE
... As you may already know proteins are an essential part of your diet. Proteins form many structures in cells and body tissues. They are the main components in things like hair, bone, muscle, and blood. Proteins also form enzymes which are molecules that assist in the many chemical reactions that take ...
... As you may already know proteins are an essential part of your diet. Proteins form many structures in cells and body tissues. They are the main components in things like hair, bone, muscle, and blood. Proteins also form enzymes which are molecules that assist in the many chemical reactions that take ...
GLYCOLYSIS AND FERMENTATION
... 3. These pathways regenerate NAD1, which the cells can use to keep glycolysis going to make more ATP in the absence of oxygen. 4. Without niacin or the ability to make it, the person would be deficient in NAD1. Since NAD1 is used in Step 3 of glycolysis, glycolysis would be inhibited. STRUCTURES AND ...
... 3. These pathways regenerate NAD1, which the cells can use to keep glycolysis going to make more ATP in the absence of oxygen. 4. Without niacin or the ability to make it, the person would be deficient in NAD1. Since NAD1 is used in Step 3 of glycolysis, glycolysis would be inhibited. STRUCTURES AND ...
Review 1-9 I - Gooch
... Three trans membrane proteins that pump hydrogen out of the matrix. There are two carrier molecules that transport electrons between hydrogen pumps. There are thousands of electron transport chains in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Electrons are donated by the electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) t ...
... Three trans membrane proteins that pump hydrogen out of the matrix. There are two carrier molecules that transport electrons between hydrogen pumps. There are thousands of electron transport chains in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Electrons are donated by the electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) t ...
Lecture 2
... Amino acids can be classified (sometimes roughly) into groups based on the chemical properties of the R groups and their internal functional groups. The main classifications are: polar vs. non polar, hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic, aromatic vs. aliphatic, charged vs. non-charged. Hydrophilic (charged, ...
... Amino acids can be classified (sometimes roughly) into groups based on the chemical properties of the R groups and their internal functional groups. The main classifications are: polar vs. non polar, hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic, aromatic vs. aliphatic, charged vs. non-charged. Hydrophilic (charged, ...
Slide 1
... 1) Most animals cannot digest cellulose because they lack the molecule necessary to break the bonds between the glucose monomers in cellulose. ...
... 1) Most animals cannot digest cellulose because they lack the molecule necessary to break the bonds between the glucose monomers in cellulose. ...
The Calvin Cycle Basics
... produce the variety of organic compounds of living organisms. It is used to keep the cycle going, and is used to produce carbohydrates such as glucose. ...
... produce the variety of organic compounds of living organisms. It is used to keep the cycle going, and is used to produce carbohydrates such as glucose. ...
Proteins - UF Macromolecular Structure Group
... Entire complement of an organisms proteins: yeast ≈ 6,000 proteins human ≈ 32,000 proteins Proteins can bind to: Substrate Molecules (small molecules) Cell Receptors Nucleic Acids (DNA/RNA) Polysaccharides Lipids ...
... Entire complement of an organisms proteins: yeast ≈ 6,000 proteins human ≈ 32,000 proteins Proteins can bind to: Substrate Molecules (small molecules) Cell Receptors Nucleic Acids (DNA/RNA) Polysaccharides Lipids ...
Name Due date ______ Strive for a 5 – AP Biology Review Unit 1
... in water, and the other is much less soluble. Explain using the prompts below. Choice ____ is more water soluble because _________________________________. Choice ____ is less water soluble because __________________________________. 11. Number the un-numbered carbons and provide the names of each o ...
... in water, and the other is much less soluble. Explain using the prompts below. Choice ____ is more water soluble because _________________________________. Choice ____ is less water soluble because __________________________________. 11. Number the un-numbered carbons and provide the names of each o ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.