• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
清华大学本科生考试试题专用纸
清华大学本科生考试试题专用纸

... 2. Which of the following statements about ATP and its roles in cells are true? (2 points) A. The ATP molecule is kinetically unstable and is thus consumed within about one minute following its formation in cells. B. ATP provides free energy to a thermodynamically unfavorable reactions by group tran ...
Acetaldehyde2
Acetaldehyde2

... Hydrogen can make one covalent bonds-One unpaired electron Oxygen can make two covalent bonds-Two unpaired electrons ...
R–groups
R–groups

... 3. forms helix w/ OH's 3. forms straight molecule inside making it w/ OH's sticking out slightly soluble above and below ...
Reproduction HW Sherwood
Reproduction HW Sherwood

... Instructions: Use your textbook or other reference sources to answer the questions below. All answers must be in your own words! This assignment will be worth up to 11 points and is due by midnight after your last lecture exam. No late work will be accepted. 1. Briefly summarize how the cortical rea ...
BTEC First Principles Revision Tracker
BTEC First Principles Revision Tracker

... configuration of the first 20 elements in the periodic table as diagrams and in the form 2.8.1. Describe the connection between the number of outer electrons and the position of an element in the periodic table. Use the periodic table to recognise elements and formulae of simple compounds. Describe ...
Objectives 7
Objectives 7

BIOMEDICAL IMPORTANCE Fatty acids are synthesized by an
BIOMEDICAL IMPORTANCE Fatty acids are synthesized by an

... mammary gland—also possess an active pentose phosphate pathway. Moreover, both metabolic pathways are found in the cytosol of the celll, so there are no membranes or permeability barriers against the transfer of NADPH. Other sources of NADPH include the reaction that converts malate to pyruvate cata ...
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF MICROBIAL PHYSIOLOGY

... required for synthesis of lipids, amino acids, nucleotides, and vitamins, and hence must grow in close association with another organism which provides these nutrients. • Smallest Bacterial genome from Mycoplasma genitalium, 0.58 Mbp: obligate intracellular pathogen lacks genes required for amino ac ...
Review Questions for Respiration
Review Questions for Respiration

... • Electron Transport Chain (oxidation-reduction reactions) • Water is produced. • Hydrogen ions are pumped out of the matrix to the intermembrane space • An electrochemical gradient is produced across D. • NADH and FADH2 are oxidized. ...
biol 161 aerobic cellular respiration
biol 161 aerobic cellular respiration

Cellular Respiration - Mr. Fusco's Brookdale Weblog
Cellular Respiration - Mr. Fusco's Brookdale Weblog

...  Chemical reactions that transfer electrons between reactants are called oxidation-reduction reactions, or  In oxidation, a substance , or is oxidized  In reduction, a substance , or is reduced (the amount of positive charge is reduced)  In cellular respiration, the glucose is and O2 is ...
Macromolecules Worksheet #2
Macromolecules Worksheet #2

... Part D. Which food molecule (monosaccharide, polysaccharide, lipid, protein) would you eat if… 21. …you needed a quick boost of energy? ...
Option A: Human nutrition and health (15 hours)
Option A: Human nutrition and health (15 hours)

... • A3: Special issues in Human nutrition ...
The functional component of ecosystems
The functional component of ecosystems

... •Nitrogen fixation: The process known as biological nitrogen fixation is carried out by certain type of bacteria in aquatic system, in the soil and in the roots of some plants. The gaseous nitrogen is biological converted to the ammonia (NH3) which can be used by plants. The excess ammonia undergoe ...
(Not so high)Energy Drinks - Indiana Osteopathic Association
(Not so high)Energy Drinks - Indiana Osteopathic Association

... A 200 pound man burns 324 calories per hour WALKING. “5-hour Energy” provides less than 3 minutes worth of calories! ...
video slide
video slide

... – Another level in the hierarchy of biological organization is reached when small organic molecules are joined together – Atom ---> molecule --- compound ...
Chapter 5 The Structure & Function of Molecules
Chapter 5 The Structure & Function of Molecules

... – Another level in the hierarchy of biological organization is reached when small organic molecules are joined together – Atom ---> molecule --- compound ...
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules
2.3 Carbon-Based Molecules

... heme, which binds & transports oxygen in the body – Skin, hair & nails contain the protein keratin which provides structure, strength & water-proofing – Enzymes are protein catalysts for chemical reactions in all living things ...
igcse_enzyme_ppt
igcse_enzyme_ppt

... Cheese is made by adding an enzyme called rennet after bacteria have produced lactic acid ...
Consortium for Educational Communication
Consortium for Educational Communication

Enzymes lecture 2
Enzymes lecture 2

... substance. The potential energy of the system increases at this point because: •The approaching reactant molecules must overcome the mutual repulsive forces between the outer shell electrons of their constituent atoms. •Atoms must be separated from each other as bonds are broken. ...
Atoms, Elements, Energy, Bonds, Reactions
Atoms, Elements, Energy, Bonds, Reactions

The nitrogen cycle
The nitrogen cycle

...  The first product of biological fixation is ammonia (NH3or ...
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration STAGE 1: Glycolysis
Chapter 9. Cellular Respiration STAGE 1: Glycolysis

... sugar phosphates is converted to pyruvate. In the process, an energy-rich hydrogen is harvested as NADH, and two ATP molecules are formed. ...
Patriot Day 2 - Lincoln County Schools
Patriot Day 2 - Lincoln County Schools

< 1 ... 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 ... 905 >

Metabolism



Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report