Department of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry
... - chemical composition, - molecular weight, - spatial structure: homo- and copolymers, cross-linking. 2. Polymerization reactions: - addition polymerization (chain-reaction polymerization), - condensation (step-reaction polymerization). 3. Polymers as biomaterials: - polymer composites, - polymers u ...
... - chemical composition, - molecular weight, - spatial structure: homo- and copolymers, cross-linking. 2. Polymerization reactions: - addition polymerization (chain-reaction polymerization), - condensation (step-reaction polymerization). 3. Polymers as biomaterials: - polymer composites, - polymers u ...
Department of Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry
... - chemical composition, - molecular weight, - spatial structure: homo- and copolymers, cross-linking. 2. Polymerization reactions: - addition polymerization (chain-reaction polymerization), - condensation (step-reaction polymerization). 3. Polymers as biomaterials: - polymer composites, - polymers u ...
... - chemical composition, - molecular weight, - spatial structure: homo- and copolymers, cross-linking. 2. Polymerization reactions: - addition polymerization (chain-reaction polymerization), - condensation (step-reaction polymerization). 3. Polymers as biomaterials: - polymer composites, - polymers u ...
CHAPTERS 6 & 7
... EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Glycolysis evolved early in the history of life on Earth ...
... EVOLUTION CONNECTION: Glycolysis evolved early in the history of life on Earth ...
Chapter 21
... of enzyme (active site) and substrate cannot fit in the active site (change tertiary structure). - Like heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Ag+, or Hg2+) that bond with –COO-, or –OH groups of amino acid in an enzyme. - Penicillin inhibits an enzyme needed for formation of cell walls in bacteria: infection is s ...
... of enzyme (active site) and substrate cannot fit in the active site (change tertiary structure). - Like heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Ag+, or Hg2+) that bond with –COO-, or –OH groups of amino acid in an enzyme. - Penicillin inhibits an enzyme needed for formation of cell walls in bacteria: infection is s ...
MBP 1022, LECT 2 DAN_Oct22
... - renature when removed from such condition (regain bioactivity Shows that information for folding is contained within ribonuclease metalloproteinase ...
... - renature when removed from such condition (regain bioactivity Shows that information for folding is contained within ribonuclease metalloproteinase ...
AP_Biology_Course_Summary
... Students will understand the basics of chemistry, the importance of the water molecule, how carbon is unique and form relates directly to function of molecules. Targets to Meet Learning Objective #1 Target 1: Molecules and Cells Chemical Context of Life o Chemical elements and compounds - matter c ...
... Students will understand the basics of chemistry, the importance of the water molecule, how carbon is unique and form relates directly to function of molecules. Targets to Meet Learning Objective #1 Target 1: Molecules and Cells Chemical Context of Life o Chemical elements and compounds - matter c ...
Structure and Function of DNA
... Spiral staircase or twisted ladder Maurice Williams and Rosalind Franklin worked with them also. ...
... Spiral staircase or twisted ladder Maurice Williams and Rosalind Franklin worked with them also. ...
![Proteins2[1]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008291804_1-fc4b593e0423ea377f021b9f7071accd-300x300.png)
Proteins2[1]
... • β α β motif: a helix connects two β sheets • β hairpin: reverse turns connect antiparallel β sheets • α α motif: two α helices together • β barrels: rolls of β sheets ...
... • β α β motif: a helix connects two β sheets • β hairpin: reverse turns connect antiparallel β sheets • α α motif: two α helices together • β barrels: rolls of β sheets ...
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
... 4. With respect to electrons, how does an ionic bond differ from a covalent bond? 5. Indicate whether the following compounds are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent. Explain. a) NaCl b) H2O c) NO2 d) CS2 6. How many valence electrons are there in: a) Si b) K+1 c) Ne ...
... 4. With respect to electrons, how does an ionic bond differ from a covalent bond? 5. Indicate whether the following compounds are ionic, nonpolar covalent, or polar covalent. Explain. a) NaCl b) H2O c) NO2 d) CS2 6. How many valence electrons are there in: a) Si b) K+1 c) Ne ...
biochemistry-part1
... of ring structure of glucose, mutarotation of glucose, general .properties and colour test of reducing sugars, important derivatives of monosaccharides, sugar acids. ...
... of ring structure of glucose, mutarotation of glucose, general .properties and colour test of reducing sugars, important derivatives of monosaccharides, sugar acids. ...
Metabolism - University of Lethbridge
... Metabolism is the overall process through which living systems acquire and utilize the free energy they need to carry out various functions. Living organisms are not at equilibrium ...
... Metabolism is the overall process through which living systems acquire and utilize the free energy they need to carry out various functions. Living organisms are not at equilibrium ...
The extracellular matrix (ECM)
... -long unbranched polysaccharides -repeating disaccharide units -the amino sugar N-actylglucosamine and uronic acid Sulfated sugars attract carboxyl groups (neg charged), these bind onto to Na, attracts water resists compression ...
... -long unbranched polysaccharides -repeating disaccharide units -the amino sugar N-actylglucosamine and uronic acid Sulfated sugars attract carboxyl groups (neg charged), these bind onto to Na, attracts water resists compression ...
ch24a_wcr
... transport chain carries out oxidative phosphorylation, which accounts for most of the ATP generated by cellular respiration. ...
... transport chain carries out oxidative phosphorylation, which accounts for most of the ATP generated by cellular respiration. ...
cannot
... keeps happening until eventually you wind up with two molecules of acetyl-CoA in the final step. This acetyl-CoA is then available to be further metabolized in the TCA cycle, or it can be used as a substrate in amino acid biosynthesis. It cannot be used as a substrate for gluconeogenesis! ...
... keeps happening until eventually you wind up with two molecules of acetyl-CoA in the final step. This acetyl-CoA is then available to be further metabolized in the TCA cycle, or it can be used as a substrate in amino acid biosynthesis. It cannot be used as a substrate for gluconeogenesis! ...
Energy Systems
... other functions needed to stay alive, such as digestion of foods, circulation and repairing tissues. ...
... other functions needed to stay alive, such as digestion of foods, circulation and repairing tissues. ...
File
... • Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that are not polymers • The unifying feature of lipids is having little or no affinity for water • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lipids ...
... • Lipids are the one class of large biological molecules that are not polymers • The unifying feature of lipids is having little or no affinity for water • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lipids ...
Cellular Respiration
... • All energy is stored in the bonds of compounds —breaking the bond releases the energy • When the cell has energy to store it adds a phosphate group to ADP - producing ATP • When the cell needs energy for life processes, it breaks the bond holding the phosphate group and changes ATP back to ADP • A ...
... • All energy is stored in the bonds of compounds —breaking the bond releases the energy • When the cell has energy to store it adds a phosphate group to ADP - producing ATP • When the cell needs energy for life processes, it breaks the bond holding the phosphate group and changes ATP back to ADP • A ...
Chemical Biology - Chem 370 (3 credits)
... a. Lewis acids used to alter pKa of functional groups. b. Cofactor for storing reducing equivalents: NADH compared to NaBH4. c. Revisiting imine formation in biological and organic systems: Vitamin B6. d. Other ways to alter pKa using vitamins. e. Making and braking carbon-carbon bonds: a Grignard t ...
... a. Lewis acids used to alter pKa of functional groups. b. Cofactor for storing reducing equivalents: NADH compared to NaBH4. c. Revisiting imine formation in biological and organic systems: Vitamin B6. d. Other ways to alter pKa using vitamins. e. Making and braking carbon-carbon bonds: a Grignard t ...
The Citric Acid Cycle
... asymmetrically oriented transmembrane complexes results in the pumping of protons out of the mitochondrial matrix and the generation of a membrane potential. ATP is synthesized when protons flow back to the matrix through a channel in an ATPsynthesizing complex, called ATP synthase (also known as F0 ...
... asymmetrically oriented transmembrane complexes results in the pumping of protons out of the mitochondrial matrix and the generation of a membrane potential. ATP is synthesized when protons flow back to the matrix through a channel in an ATPsynthesizing complex, called ATP synthase (also known as F0 ...
CHEMISTRY 112 - LECTURE NOTES
... structure (keratin, collagen); movement (actin, myosin, dynein); signaling (rhodopsin); transport (hemoglobin, myoglobin, albumin); protection; catalysis (lactase) b) amino acid subunits derived from dietary proteins are used to synthesize many other biomolecules such as neurotransmitters and thyroi ...
... structure (keratin, collagen); movement (actin, myosin, dynein); signaling (rhodopsin); transport (hemoglobin, myoglobin, albumin); protection; catalysis (lactase) b) amino acid subunits derived from dietary proteins are used to synthesize many other biomolecules such as neurotransmitters and thyroi ...
Who Wants To Be A Biologist?
... FADH2 donates electrons further down the ETC than NADH. This means the ATP yield for every FADH2 is only about 2 ATP, as opposed to 3 ATP per molecule of NADH. ...
... FADH2 donates electrons further down the ETC than NADH. This means the ATP yield for every FADH2 is only about 2 ATP, as opposed to 3 ATP per molecule of NADH. ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.