Exam_2005 - The University of Sydney
... The pathway is located in both the cytoplasm and the mitochondria The cycle reacts fuel molecules with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide The cycle generates CoA and NADH Most of the ATP in the cell is made directly by enzymes of the Krebs Cycle by substrate level phosphorylation. ...
... The pathway is located in both the cytoplasm and the mitochondria The cycle reacts fuel molecules with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide The cycle generates CoA and NADH Most of the ATP in the cell is made directly by enzymes of the Krebs Cycle by substrate level phosphorylation. ...
Functional dissection of the baculovirus late expression factor
... in SF-21 insect cells (Passarelli et al., 1994). It encodes a protein, LEF-8, that predicts a 102 kDa product with a conserved C-terminally positioned sequence motif of 13 amino acids, GXKX4HGQ/NKGV/I, also found at the C terminus of the b or b9 subunits of DNA-directed RNA polymerases in animals, p ...
... in SF-21 insect cells (Passarelli et al., 1994). It encodes a protein, LEF-8, that predicts a 102 kDa product with a conserved C-terminally positioned sequence motif of 13 amino acids, GXKX4HGQ/NKGV/I, also found at the C terminus of the b or b9 subunits of DNA-directed RNA polymerases in animals, p ...
Phosphorylation of two cytosolic proteins
... phosphorylation of pp2l and pp23 to a level similar to that obtained with two different anti-CD3 mAbs (Fig. 4). By contrast, the phorbol ester TPA, which binds to, and activates, protein kinase C (Bell, 1986), failed to elicit pp2l and pp23 phosphorylation. These results are in agreement with the tw ...
... phosphorylation of pp2l and pp23 to a level similar to that obtained with two different anti-CD3 mAbs (Fig. 4). By contrast, the phorbol ester TPA, which binds to, and activates, protein kinase C (Bell, 1986), failed to elicit pp2l and pp23 phosphorylation. These results are in agreement with the tw ...
Carbohydrates & Lipids - mvhs
... der waals forces – This makes them more fluid at room temperature lower melting temperature ...
... der waals forces – This makes them more fluid at room temperature lower melting temperature ...
How to deal with oxygen radicals stemming from mitochondrial fatty
... solutions reflecting the first prediction next. As already stated [14], the previous considerations give a surprisingly good explanation for the eukaryotic invention of peroxisomes. The hypothesis explaining their origin can be described as follows. Peroxisomes are known to be derived from, or coevo ...
... solutions reflecting the first prediction next. As already stated [14], the previous considerations give a surprisingly good explanation for the eukaryotic invention of peroxisomes. The hypothesis explaining their origin can be described as follows. Peroxisomes are known to be derived from, or coevo ...
Jeopardy
... per-weight caloric content? a. Lipids b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. Nucleic acids BACK TO GAME ...
... per-weight caloric content? a. Lipids b. Proteins c. Carbohydrates d. Nucleic acids BACK TO GAME ...
슬라이드 1
... • Dynamic buffer of lactate in which its concentration remains relatively constant both in the tissues and in the blood stream • Lactate can be used by tissues whenever required for oxidation but also for anabolic purposes • Lactate is converted to pyruvate, which is a precursor for acetyl-CoA, whic ...
... • Dynamic buffer of lactate in which its concentration remains relatively constant both in the tissues and in the blood stream • Lactate can be used by tissues whenever required for oxidation but also for anabolic purposes • Lactate is converted to pyruvate, which is a precursor for acetyl-CoA, whic ...
Help is just a phone call away!
... • Day 4 patient related she had visited a “healer” • Other uses of this substance: – Injected prior to travel to “ward off evil spirits” – Boxers: build muscle mass/strength – Esperitismo, Santeria, voodoo: often carried personally or spread ...
... • Day 4 patient related she had visited a “healer” • Other uses of this substance: – Injected prior to travel to “ward off evil spirits” – Boxers: build muscle mass/strength – Esperitismo, Santeria, voodoo: often carried personally or spread ...
Antioxidant activity of anacardic acids Food Chemistry
... superoxide anion, generated by the enzyme, reduces yellow nitroblue tetrazolium to blue formazan. Hence, superoxide anion can be detected by measuring the absorbance of formazan produced at 560 nm. At the concentration of 30 lg/ml, anacardic acid (C15:3) (88 lM), inhibited this formazan formation by ...
... superoxide anion, generated by the enzyme, reduces yellow nitroblue tetrazolium to blue formazan. Hence, superoxide anion can be detected by measuring the absorbance of formazan produced at 560 nm. At the concentration of 30 lg/ml, anacardic acid (C15:3) (88 lM), inhibited this formazan formation by ...
Module 2 General principles of metabolism. Мetabolism of carbohy
... E. * All reactions produce some heat. 17. Active holoenzymes are formed from ____________ in the presence of _________. A. Cofactors; proteins B. Proteins; cofactors C. * Apoenzymes; cofactors D. Apoenzymes; proteins E. Apoenzymes; inactive holoenzymes 18. An allosteric inhibitor of an enzyme usual ...
... E. * All reactions produce some heat. 17. Active holoenzymes are formed from ____________ in the presence of _________. A. Cofactors; proteins B. Proteins; cofactors C. * Apoenzymes; cofactors D. Apoenzymes; proteins E. Apoenzymes; inactive holoenzymes 18. An allosteric inhibitor of an enzyme usual ...
Exercise 4: Side-Chain Modeling - CS
... This application allows you to remodel a protein's side-chains (rotamers, as well as identities), while keeping the backbone fixed. For this purpose, we will provide Rosetta the modeling instructions via a resfile. Resfiles are used in Rosetta to inform the protocol you are using about specific task ...
... This application allows you to remodel a protein's side-chains (rotamers, as well as identities), while keeping the backbone fixed. For this purpose, we will provide Rosetta the modeling instructions via a resfile. Resfiles are used in Rosetta to inform the protocol you are using about specific task ...
The role of mitochondrial hexokinase II in ischemia - UvA-DARE
... Metabolic features ischemia-reperfusion. In the normal, normoxic state, cardiomyocytes use fatty acids (~60%) (63) and carbohydrates (glucose, lactate, pyruvate; ~40%) (14; 28) for energy production. However, cardiomyocyte substrate preference depends amongst others on exogenous substrate concentrat ...
... Metabolic features ischemia-reperfusion. In the normal, normoxic state, cardiomyocytes use fatty acids (~60%) (63) and carbohydrates (glucose, lactate, pyruvate; ~40%) (14; 28) for energy production. However, cardiomyocyte substrate preference depends amongst others on exogenous substrate concentrat ...
7 rounds of beta oxidation
... Fatty acids (FA) from the diet or from the degradation of triglycerides stored in adipose cells are broken down further to smaller molecules to completely metabolize them and therefore release energy. This process of catabolism of FA includes three major parts: ...
... Fatty acids (FA) from the diet or from the degradation of triglycerides stored in adipose cells are broken down further to smaller molecules to completely metabolize them and therefore release energy. This process of catabolism of FA includes three major parts: ...
Proteome of amyloplasts isolated from developing wheat
... stage. While our understanding of what is considered their primary function, i.e. the biosynthesis and degradation of starch, has increased dramatically in recent years, relatively little is known about other biochemical processes taking place in these organelles. To help fill this gap, a proteomic a ...
... stage. While our understanding of what is considered their primary function, i.e. the biosynthesis and degradation of starch, has increased dramatically in recent years, relatively little is known about other biochemical processes taking place in these organelles. To help fill this gap, a proteomic a ...
lecture6
... l -3-Hydroxyacyl CoA + NAD+ ↔ 3- keto acyl CoA + NADH+ H+ 3-ketoacyl CoA + CoA ↔acetyl CoA + acyl CoA (shortened by C2) ...
... l -3-Hydroxyacyl CoA + NAD+ ↔ 3- keto acyl CoA + NADH+ H+ 3-ketoacyl CoA + CoA ↔acetyl CoA + acyl CoA (shortened by C2) ...
CASE 37
... depending on their relative concentrations, the liver either extracts glucose from the blood (high insulin/glucagon ratio) or produces and adds glucose to the blood (low insulin/glucagon ratio). The responses can be divided into short-term ones such as the changes occurring during a normal daily cyc ...
... depending on their relative concentrations, the liver either extracts glucose from the blood (high insulin/glucagon ratio) or produces and adds glucose to the blood (low insulin/glucagon ratio). The responses can be divided into short-term ones such as the changes occurring during a normal daily cyc ...
Isomerisms
... In order that a compound be optically active, its molecules (or ions) must be asymmetric. All compounds which contain a single asymmetric carbon atom exhibit optical activity. All enantiomers exhibit optical activity and are thus called optical isomers. One enantiomer rotates a plane of light clockw ...
... In order that a compound be optically active, its molecules (or ions) must be asymmetric. All compounds which contain a single asymmetric carbon atom exhibit optical activity. All enantiomers exhibit optical activity and are thus called optical isomers. One enantiomer rotates a plane of light clockw ...
The Genome of Methanosarcina mazei
... demethylate the substrates and methylate the corrinoid proteins are unique for Methanosarcina except the ORF for trimethylamine which is otherwise only found in bacteria (Desulfitobacterium halfniense). The corrinoid proteins and the methyltransferases, which demethylate the corrinoid proteins and m ...
... demethylate the substrates and methylate the corrinoid proteins are unique for Methanosarcina except the ORF for trimethylamine which is otherwise only found in bacteria (Desulfitobacterium halfniense). The corrinoid proteins and the methyltransferases, which demethylate the corrinoid proteins and m ...
Synthesis of higher alcohols during alcoholic fermentation of rye
... of spirit was produced from potatos but in 1997 their share dropped to only 12.4%. Recently, spirit manufacturing by agricultural distilleries has been based on cereals – mainly on rye, but also on maize [22]. Traditional rye breeding in Poland is justified by poor quality of soils. Light and very l ...
... of spirit was produced from potatos but in 1997 their share dropped to only 12.4%. Recently, spirit manufacturing by agricultural distilleries has been based on cereals – mainly on rye, but also on maize [22]. Traditional rye breeding in Poland is justified by poor quality of soils. Light and very l ...
An acetate-sensitive mutant of Neurospora crassa deficient in acetyl
... synthetase, were also inhibited by acetate when grown on glycerol as carbon source. As shown in Table 2, they differed from acu-8 in showing no growth on acetate alone at any concentration. NMR analysis showed that acu-8 mycelium did not accumulate [ 3C]acetate after transfer from sucrose to 40mM-ac ...
... synthetase, were also inhibited by acetate when grown on glycerol as carbon source. As shown in Table 2, they differed from acu-8 in showing no growth on acetate alone at any concentration. NMR analysis showed that acu-8 mycelium did not accumulate [ 3C]acetate after transfer from sucrose to 40mM-ac ...
Phytotoxicity of Phenolic Acids From Cereals
... http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55942 of a chemical in the environment. It is now almost equally accepted that the correlation between the capacity fac from RP-HPLC method and kow to be used for simple and rapid estimation of partition coefficients. ...
... http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55942 of a chemical in the environment. It is now almost equally accepted that the correlation between the capacity fac from RP-HPLC method and kow to be used for simple and rapid estimation of partition coefficients. ...
Symbolic Systems Biology
... using formal methods tools: given an initial state execute --- find some pathway search --- find all reachable states satisfying a given property model-check --- find a pathway satisfying a temporal formula using reflection find all rules that use / produce X (for example, activated Rac) find rules ...
... using formal methods tools: given an initial state execute --- find some pathway search --- find all reachable states satisfying a given property model-check --- find a pathway satisfying a temporal formula using reflection find all rules that use / produce X (for example, activated Rac) find rules ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.