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end of life medicines information pack
end of life medicines information pack

... A Guide to Equivalent Doses for Opioid Drugs N.B - this is to be used as a guide rather than a set of definitive equivalences. Most data on doses is based on single dose studies so is not necessarily applicable in chronic use, also individual patients may metabolise different drugs at varying rates ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... production is increased by both puberty (increased ovarian steroid production) and adrenarche (increased adrenal androgen production). Over the past decade, several serious metabolic complications have been associated with polycystic ovary syndrome including type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndr ...
female hormone therapy options - Women`s International Pharmacy
female hormone therapy options - Women`s International Pharmacy

... Covaryx®, Covaryx HS® esterified estrogens (E) with methyltestosterone (MT) tablets (Centrix) ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... Other glands of the endocrine system are described below. You can refer to Figure 1.1 to see where they are located. • The thyroid gland is a large gland in the neck. Thyroid hormones increase the rate of metabolism in cells throughout the body. They control how quickly cells use energy and make pro ...
Exercise as a stressor to the human neuroendocrine system
Exercise as a stressor to the human neuroendocrine system

... the word “stress” (5). What appears to be the most appropriate to this article and in the physiological context is the following: “Stress is a specific response by the body to a stimulus that disturbs or interferes with the ‘normal’ physiological equilibrium of an organism.” A key word in this defin ...
Progesterone in Pregnancy Brochures - Pope Paul VI Institute for the
Progesterone in Pregnancy Brochures - Pope Paul VI Institute for the

... rupture of the membranes, previous or current intrauterine growth retardation, hyperirritability of the uterus, congenital uterine anomaly or patients with cervical cerclage. Key principles to the use of progesterone in pregnancy are that natural progesterone be used and that it be started as early ...
L 1 Characters_Mechanisms_Pituitary Final
L 1 Characters_Mechanisms_Pituitary Final

... Modulation of target cell sensitivity - Hormones affect only target cells - cells that carry specific receptors that bind the recognized hormone - Down regulation: when receptor quantity decrease when hormone is in excess - Decreases responsiveness to hormone for example, in response to obesity whe ...
Guidelines for Opioids EN
Guidelines for Opioids EN

... Fentanyl is a continuous systematic delivery system dosed in micrograms per hour. Conversion to equianalgesic doses is less well documented by usually based on the p.o. Morphine dosage. The following formula makes it easy to convert between Morphine and Fentanyl Transdermal. 1. Converting from Morph ...
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance
Opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance

... Division Chief, Pain Medicine and Regional Anesthesia Medical Director, UKHealthCare Pain Services Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesiology University of Kentucky College of Medicine ...
4.03 Remember Structures of the endocrine system What are the
4.03 Remember Structures of the endocrine system What are the

... What is the chemical that is secreted by the endocrine glands? TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) is secreted by the pituitary and acts on what gland? Which gland is divided into anterior and posterior lobes? Which gland is butterfly shaped and is located in the neck? Which endocrine gland is located ...
Material from all new lectures up to this point
Material from all new lectures up to this point

... •  releases chemicals into blood for distribution throughout the body. " •  releases hormones altering metabolism of many tissues / organs simultaneously. " •  produces effects that can last for hours, days, and even longer. " •  control ongoing metabolic processes. " •  many endocrine tissues have ...
MD0807 6-1 LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 6 Review of the
MD0807 6-1 LESSON ASSIGNMENT LESSON 6 Review of the

... cell division is increased--stimulating increased growth of all tissues capable of growing. This hormone produces an increased utilization of amino acids to produce proteins. It also causes a renal depression followed by accumulation of sodium chloride and water. Inhibition of carbohydrate utilizati ...
Hypo-Thala - Inno-Vita
Hypo-Thala - Inno-Vita

... with the hypothalamus gland where it receives almost all input from various organs and parts of the body through the central nerve system. The hypothalamus interprets the inputs and then sends responses to the pituitary gland; once the signals are received, the pituitary gland releases hormones to s ...
Exposure to exogenous estrogens in food: possible impact on
Exposure to exogenous estrogens in food: possible impact on

... rates in children. Thus, even today the US FDA bases its guidelines on the presumably highly overestimated production rates in prepubertal children given in the JECFA 1988 report. 4) The possible biological significance of very low levels of estradiol is neglected. In conclusion, based on our curren ...
Effect of rejuvenation hormones on spermatogenesis
Effect of rejuvenation hormones on spermatogenesis

... to azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia. Therapies that protect spermatogenesis involve human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) therapy and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). The studies examining the effect of human growth hormone (HGH) on infertile men are uncontrolled and unconvincing, b ...
HMC Pulse
HMC Pulse

... – The Hypothalamus produces hormones that: – Are released by the posterior pituitary – Raise or lower production of anterior pituitary hormones – The pituitary gland: – Produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands in the body – Each of these hormones has a feedback loop that maintains ...
delestrogen - Hemingways.org
delestrogen - Hemingways.org

... dependent on duration of treatment and on estrogen dose. Most studies show no significant increased risk associated with use of estrogens for less than one year. The greatest risk appears associated with prolonged use—with increased risks of 15 to 24fold for five to ten years or more. In three studi ...
Introduction To Endocrinology: The Hypothalamic
Introduction To Endocrinology: The Hypothalamic

... the serum Ca2+ concentration, which is sensed by a GPCR termed the Ca2+-sensing receptor; Chapter 44) to more complex ones involving reciprocal interactions among the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and endocrine glands (see the section “The HypothalamicPituitary-Endocrine Axis”). Regardless of th ...
Chapter 9 Endocrine System
Chapter 9 Endocrine System

... excess water excretion by the kidneys) Ethanol inhibits release of ADH, which leads to urination and dry mouth. Diuretics interfere with the production of ADH. Prescribed to lower blood pressure by decreasing blood volume. oxytocin – contracts uterus during labor synthetic oxytocic drugs induce labo ...
Lecture 4: Endocrine System
Lecture 4: Endocrine System

... The glands and tissues of our body enlarge (increase in size) if they are continuously activated; this is called hypertrophy. For example, a person who lifts weights will continually stimulate the activated muscles, resulting in hypertrophy. This can be easily observed when comparing a bodybuilder t ...
depo-provera - Pfizer Canada
depo-provera - Pfizer Canada

... The use of DEPO-PROVERA has been associated with loss of bone mineral density (BMD) which may not be completely reversible. Loss of bone mineral density is greater with increasing duration of use. This loss of BMD is of particular concern during adolescence and early adulthood, a critical period of ...
- ISpatula
- ISpatula

... A)The hypothalamus produces a releasing hormone that stimulates the pituitary to secrete GH. B)The hypothalamus sends a hormone to the target cells that makes them receptive to GH. C)Feedback from the target cells is sent to the posterior pituitary, which signals the hypothalamus to stimulate the an ...
growth hormone (GH)
growth hormone (GH)

... a hormone produced by the pineal gland which helps regulate a persons daily cycle or circadian rhythms; levels are high at night promoting sleepiness and low during the day as we awake. methamphetamine a stimulant sometimes called speed which causes a sensation of a rush similar to cocaine but the e ...
29.6 The Endocrine System and Hormones
29.6 The Endocrine System and Hormones

... Adrenal Glands: breathe faster, increase blood pressure- heart increases strength Pancreas: Controls blood sugar by adding or removing sugar from the blood Ovaries and Testes: Cause sexual maturation, influence sexual characteristics ...
Mammalian Physiology Organization of the Endocrine System
Mammalian Physiology Organization of the Endocrine System

... Up-regulation – target cells form more receptors in response to the hormone Down-regulation – target cells lose receptors in response to the hormone Three types of hormone interaction – Permissiveness – one hormone cannot exert its effects without another hormone being present – Synergism – more tha ...
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Hormonal contraception

Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the endocrine system. Almost all methods are composed of steroid hormones, although in India one selective estrogen receptor modulator is marketed as a contraceptive. The original hormonal method—the combined oral contraceptive pill—was first marketed as a contraceptive in 1960. In the ensuing decades many other delivery methods have been developed, although the oral and injectable methods are by far the most popular. Altogether, 18% of the world's contraceptive users rely on hormonal methods. Hormonal contraception is highly effective: when taken on the prescribed schedule, users of steroid hormone methods experience pregnancy rates of less than 1% per year. Perfect-use pregnancy rates for most hormonal contraceptives are usually around the 0.3% rate or less. Currently available methods can only be used by women; the development of a male hormonal contraceptive is an active research area.There are two main types of hormonal contraceptive formulations: combined methods which contain both an estrogen and a progestin, and progestogen-only methods which contain only progesterone or one of its synthetic analogues (progestins). Combined methods work by suppressing ovulation and thickening cervical mucus; while progestogen-only methods reduce the frequency of ovulation, most of them rely more heavily on changes in cervical mucus. The incidence of certain side effects is different for the different formulations: for example, breakthrough bleeding is much more common with progestogen-only methods. Certain serious complications occasionally caused by estrogen-containing contraceptives are not believed to be caused by progestogen-only formulations: deep vein thrombosis is one example of this.
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