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The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland
The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

... of rats, oxytocin has been shown to selectively act on inhibitory interneurons reducing background noise and improving signal transmission within specic brain circuits. These studies indicate that oxytocin helps the brain focus in on socially relevant sensory input. It also is becoming clear that o ...
a guide to use of common palliative care drugs in renal impairment
a guide to use of common palliative care drugs in renal impairment

... Opioids differ in their potential to cause toxicity when renal function is impaired. However, the evidence base from clinical studies is limited, and stratification of risk is based on the presence of active metabolites, risk of accumulation, and expert opinion. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodyna ...
Vancomycin dosing
Vancomycin dosing

... Please liaise with the Dialysis Unit (5286) for all cases when drugs are administered on dialysis. For Haemodialysis (HD) patients usual dosing is a 1g IV loading dose then a single 500mg IV dose after every dialysis unless the previous level is above 20mg/L. Due to logistics trough vancomycin level ...
Armodafinil-and-Modafinil-Safety-Series
Armodafinil-and-Modafinil-Safety-Series

... The first commonly available Eugeroic was Adrafinil. It was invented by the French pharmaceutical company Lafon in the late 1970s, and marketed as Olmifon. It was primarily used as treatment for inattention and fatigue in elderly patients. Adrafinil is metabolized by the body to produce Modafinil. F ...
Modafinil And Armodafinil Safety Guide
Modafinil And Armodafinil Safety Guide

... The first commonly available Eugeroic was Adrafinil. It was invented by the French pharmaceutical company Lafon in the late 1970s, and marketed as Olmifon. It was primarily used as treatment for inattention and fatigue in elderly patients. Adrafinil is metabolized by the body to produce Modafinil. F ...
Ch41_Endocrine Function - University of Perpetual Help System
Ch41_Endocrine Function - University of Perpetual Help System

... Metabolism of hormones and their precursors can generate more or less active products or it can degrade them to inactive forms. In some cases, hormones are eliminated in the intact form. Hormones secreted by endocrine cells must be inactivated continuously to prevent their accumulation. Intracellula ...
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... * The labeled dose for fenbendazole products is 5mg/kg. Using twice the labeled dose is recommended in goats for routine worming. Using three times the labeled dose is recommended for treating tapworm infections. Exceeding the labeled dose will result in extended drug residues. ** The labeled dose f ...
Commonly Prescribed Psychiatric Medications
Commonly Prescribed Psychiatric Medications

... Usual dose: 75 mg orally per day in divided doses; A tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), less commonly used these days as an antidepressant or to treat psychiatric conditions may be increased to a maximum of 150 mg/day (considered a first line treatment option for neuropathic pain) ...
Opioid conversion tips Changing to another oral opioid
Opioid conversion tips Changing to another oral opioid

... How can you tell if your patient is truly addicted to opioids? The following definitions are jointly from The American Academy of Pain Medicine, the American Pain Society, and the American Society of Addiction Medicine: Addiction: Addiction is a primary, chronic, neurobiologic disease, with genetic, ...
A Quick Reference to Drugs commonly used in the
A Quick Reference to Drugs commonly used in the

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Endocrine system Lesson: Endocrine system Lesson Developer
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... Endocrine system The endocrine glands secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid surrounding the secretory cells. The secretion then diffuses into capillaries and is carried away by the blood to distant target organ or cell to exert its action. The concentration of a circulating hormone in blood ...
VAGINAL BLEEDING AFTER USE OF SINGLE DOSE ORAL
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... and gynecological conditions. In gastroenterologic use, misoprostol therapy indicated in patients who have duodenal or gastric ulcer due to use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It acts upon gastric parietal cells, inhibiting the secretion of gastric acid. It is only indicated for use b ...
CASE 33
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... The pituitary gland is composed of two lobes that are derived embryonically from the primitive gut (anterior lobe) and the brainstem (posterior lobe). The pituitary secretes a large number of peptide hormones into the blood that affect the growth and secretions of other endocrine glands and/or the f ...
The Endocrine System - Destiny High School
The Endocrine System - Destiny High School

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Successful Pregnancy in Recurrent Thin Endometrium
Successful Pregnancy in Recurrent Thin Endometrium

... successful implantation. Some authors have reported that there is a steady and gradual increase in pregnancy rates as endometrial thickness increases [1]. When endometrial thickness is <6 mm, the probability of achieving a full-term pregnancy decreases [2]. In order to maximize pregnancy rates, endo ...
Interactive Properties of Tizanidine (Zanaflex)
Interactive Properties of Tizanidine (Zanaflex)

... inhibitor, which is probably the primary mechanism for this interaction. Oral Contraceptives Retrospective analysis of tizanidine pharmacokinetics in women taking oral contraceptives found that they had about a 50% lower clearance of tizanidine, compared with women not taking oral contraceptives. Th ...
Preparation : Vials contain 250mg aminophylline in 10mL
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Endocrine System
Endocrine System

... 2. Most of the receptors are bound to the cell membrane but it can be intracellular receptor. E. g. of intracellular receptor hormone:- Steroid hormone , Thyroid hormone , Vit. D 3. Combine with high affinity with the hormone  concentrate the hormone in the cell (This is one of the ways to detect h ...
Endocrine Anatomy and Physiology
Endocrine Anatomy and Physiology

... Every cell in your body is under the influence of your endocrine system. The endocrine system  acts to maintain homeostasis at the cellular level and is a vital link in proper body operations.  Illness and death can result from an endocrine imbalance. Treatment usually requires  management of the de ...
Comparison of Efficacy of Spironolactone with
Comparison of Efficacy of Spironolactone with

... Women attending the Endocrine and Metabolism Clinics of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences between 2000 and 2001 and meeting the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 1990 consensus conference criteria for diagnosis of PCOS (42) were informed ...
Iodination of Tyrosine and Formation of the Thyroid Hormones
Iodination of Tyrosine and Formation of the Thyroid Hormones

... • Describe the distribution of iodine in the body, dietary requirements for iodine and thyroid uptake of iodine. • Identify the structure and formula for thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). • Know the basic steps involved in the biosynthesis of T3 and T4. • Identify the bound forms and quantit ...
The Endocrine System - healingenergies-at
The Endocrine System - healingenergies-at

... The physical human body is made up of a multitude of different kinds of cells but can only grow and develop and function properly if there is co-ordinated interaction between these various kinds of cells. One of the ways in which cells communicate with each other is by chemical signals. The chemical ...
Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones
Hypothalamic and Pituitary Hormones

... • Four (4) of these ones are called Tropic Hormones as they stimulate the growth, nutrition and function of : • other endocrine glands • TSH : regulates Thyroid gland secretion • ACTH : controls secretion of Adrenal Cortex • FSH : maintains female sex hormones level and follicle growth • LH : regula ...
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Hormonal contraception

Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the endocrine system. Almost all methods are composed of steroid hormones, although in India one selective estrogen receptor modulator is marketed as a contraceptive. The original hormonal method—the combined oral contraceptive pill—was first marketed as a contraceptive in 1960. In the ensuing decades many other delivery methods have been developed, although the oral and injectable methods are by far the most popular. Altogether, 18% of the world's contraceptive users rely on hormonal methods. Hormonal contraception is highly effective: when taken on the prescribed schedule, users of steroid hormone methods experience pregnancy rates of less than 1% per year. Perfect-use pregnancy rates for most hormonal contraceptives are usually around the 0.3% rate or less. Currently available methods can only be used by women; the development of a male hormonal contraceptive is an active research area.There are two main types of hormonal contraceptive formulations: combined methods which contain both an estrogen and a progestin, and progestogen-only methods which contain only progesterone or one of its synthetic analogues (progestins). Combined methods work by suppressing ovulation and thickening cervical mucus; while progestogen-only methods reduce the frequency of ovulation, most of them rely more heavily on changes in cervical mucus. The incidence of certain side effects is different for the different formulations: for example, breakthrough bleeding is much more common with progestogen-only methods. Certain serious complications occasionally caused by estrogen-containing contraceptives are not believed to be caused by progestogen-only formulations: deep vein thrombosis is one example of this.
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