Development 128, 4439-4447 (2001)
... modules that retain BMP binding activity (Larraín et al., 2000), raising the question of how the BMP signal is released and transferred to the receptor. Twisted gastrulation (Tsg) has been recently identified as an additional player in the Chd/Sog, BMP/Dpp, Xld/Tld signaling pathway (Oelgeschläger e ...
... modules that retain BMP binding activity (Larraín et al., 2000), raising the question of how the BMP signal is released and transferred to the receptor. Twisted gastrulation (Tsg) has been recently identified as an additional player in the Chd/Sog, BMP/Dpp, Xld/Tld signaling pathway (Oelgeschläger e ...
Matching catalytic activity to developmental function: Tolloid
... proteases that includes Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1 (Bmp1). Tld is required early in Drosophila development for proper patterning of dorsal embryonic structures, whereas Tlr is required later during larval and pupal stages of development. The major function of Tld is to augment the activity of Deca ...
... proteases that includes Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1 (Bmp1). Tld is required early in Drosophila development for proper patterning of dorsal embryonic structures, whereas Tlr is required later during larval and pupal stages of development. The major function of Tld is to augment the activity of Deca ...
Regional requirements for Dishevelled signaling during Xenopus
... We show that mesendoderm internalization proceeds very effectively in the nearly complete absence of convergent extension and blastopore closure in embryos with disrupted Xdsh signaling. On the contrary, the failure of blastopore closure in embryos lacking Xdsh was tightly correlated with a failure ...
... We show that mesendoderm internalization proceeds very effectively in the nearly complete absence of convergent extension and blastopore closure in embryos with disrupted Xdsh signaling. On the contrary, the failure of blastopore closure in embryos lacking Xdsh was tightly correlated with a failure ...
Seifert et al Fgf8 Dev2009
... limb buds. Our finding that Fgf8 is expressed only in those Wnt5a mutants that initiate genital outgrowth raised the possibility that loss of Fgf8 expression might underlie the absence of external genitalia in the most severely affected mutants. Fgf8 is induced at the endodermal-ectodermal boundary ...
... limb buds. Our finding that Fgf8 is expressed only in those Wnt5a mutants that initiate genital outgrowth raised the possibility that loss of Fgf8 expression might underlie the absence of external genitalia in the most severely affected mutants. Fgf8 is induced at the endodermal-ectodermal boundary ...
Differential recruitment of Dishevelled provides signaling specificity
... (Zw3, also known as Shaggy), a serine/threonine kinase homologous to GSK3, phosphorylates Armadillo (Arm, a homolog of b-catenin), destabilizing the cytoplasmic form of the protein. In the presence of Wg, the receptor acts through Dsh to antagonize Zw3 activity, and Arm is stabilized, resulting in i ...
... (Zw3, also known as Shaggy), a serine/threonine kinase homologous to GSK3, phosphorylates Armadillo (Arm, a homolog of b-catenin), destabilizing the cytoplasmic form of the protein. In the presence of Wg, the receptor acts through Dsh to antagonize Zw3 activity, and Arm is stabilized, resulting in i ...
Cooperative and independent functions of FGF and Wnt signaling
... Lef-lacZ [14, 17], is active after specification of the OEPD [14, 18, 19]. Furthermore, in chick, either activation or inhibition of Wnt signaling has no affect on formation of the OEPD [15, 18]. In zebrafish, heterogeneous levels of pax2a or pax8 transcript and/or protein are observed in the ectode ...
... Lef-lacZ [14, 17], is active after specification of the OEPD [14, 18, 19]. Furthermore, in chick, either activation or inhibition of Wnt signaling has no affect on formation of the OEPD [15, 18]. In zebrafish, heterogeneous levels of pax2a or pax8 transcript and/or protein are observed in the ectode ...
Inactivation of mouse Twisted gastrulation reveals its
... (Tld)/Xolloid (Xld). Studies in Drosophila, Xenopus and zebrafish suggest that Tsg can act both as an anti-Bmp and as a pro-Bmp. We have analyzed Tsg loss-of-function in the mouse. Tsg homozygous mutants are viable but of smaller size and display mild vertebral abnormalities and ...
... (Tld)/Xolloid (Xld). Studies in Drosophila, Xenopus and zebrafish suggest that Tsg can act both as an anti-Bmp and as a pro-Bmp. We have analyzed Tsg loss-of-function in the mouse. Tsg homozygous mutants are viable but of smaller size and display mild vertebral abnormalities and ...
FGF signaling controls caudal hindbrain specification through Ras
... vHnf1 operates upstream of FGF signaling in this regulation: vHnf1 not only cooperates with Fgf3 in the induction of Krox20 and MafB , but also regulates Fgf3 expression [1]. Analyses of the Krox20 and MafB regulatory regions in mice have shown that they contain functional vHNF1binding sites, sugges ...
... vHnf1 operates upstream of FGF signaling in this regulation: vHnf1 not only cooperates with Fgf3 in the induction of Krox20 and MafB , but also regulates Fgf3 expression [1]. Analyses of the Krox20 and MafB regulatory regions in mice have shown that they contain functional vHNF1binding sites, sugges ...
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... lateral mesoderm although it does result in the chondrification of over 50 % of somite grafts of the same stage. The activity of the irradiated spinal cord is in accord with the observation of Lash et al. (1957) that only a limited period of association between spinal cord and somites is necessary f ...
... lateral mesoderm although it does result in the chondrification of over 50 % of somite grafts of the same stage. The activity of the irradiated spinal cord is in accord with the observation of Lash et al. (1957) that only a limited period of association between spinal cord and somites is necessary f ...
Deficient FGF signaling causes optic nerve
... FGF signaling plays a pivotal role in eye development. Previous studies using in vitro chick models and systemic zebrafish mutants have suggested that FGF signaling is required for the patterning and specification of the optic vesicle, but due to a lack of genetic models, its role in mammalian retin ...
... FGF signaling plays a pivotal role in eye development. Previous studies using in vitro chick models and systemic zebrafish mutants have suggested that FGF signaling is required for the patterning and specification of the optic vesicle, but due to a lack of genetic models, its role in mammalian retin ...
Short- and long-range functions of Goosecoid in
... Secreted ventralizing factors of the BMP, Wnt and Nodal families function in gradients in the early embryo and organizer-derived molecules attenuate the activity of these factors (Niehrs, 2004). Ventrally expressed Wnt8 restricts the size of the zebrafish organizer in the late blastula/early gastrul ...
... Secreted ventralizing factors of the BMP, Wnt and Nodal families function in gradients in the early embryo and organizer-derived molecules attenuate the activity of these factors (Niehrs, 2004). Ventrally expressed Wnt8 restricts the size of the zebrafish organizer in the late blastula/early gastrul ...
Full Text - The International Journal of Developmental Biology
... upper lip (“obere Urmundlippe”) of the blastopore from one gastrula to the opposite side of another gastrula. He did not call it the “dorsal” lip. That terminology came later when consensus was reached about dorsal and ventral locations on the fate map. Grafted embryos developed to the neurula stage ...
... upper lip (“obere Urmundlippe”) of the blastopore from one gastrula to the opposite side of another gastrula. He did not call it the “dorsal” lip. That terminology came later when consensus was reached about dorsal and ventral locations on the fate map. Grafted embryos developed to the neurula stage ...
Caroline Jeya Sheeba Daniel Sunder Singh
... been evaluated. Experiments aiming to shift the limits of FGF or RA signaling along the PD limb axis is affecting the limb skeletal element size, reinforcing the similarity with somitogenesis. However, the results are not yet conclusive. The parallelisms identified from our work and the ones establi ...
... been evaluated. Experiments aiming to shift the limits of FGF or RA signaling along the PD limb axis is affecting the limb skeletal element size, reinforcing the similarity with somitogenesis. However, the results are not yet conclusive. The parallelisms identified from our work and the ones establi ...
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... the effect of these manipulations. A particularly challenging stage of mouse embryogenesis is between E8.5 and E9.5, when the heart begins to beat and the embryo undergoes changes in growth and morphology including ‘turning’ of the U-shaped embryo with the ventral surface on the outside to a fetal p ...
... the effect of these manipulations. A particularly challenging stage of mouse embryogenesis is between E8.5 and E9.5, when the heart begins to beat and the embryo undergoes changes in growth and morphology including ‘turning’ of the U-shaped embryo with the ventral surface on the outside to a fetal p ...
- Nottingham ePrints
... regulate muscle cell differentiation in somites (Sweetman et al., 2006) while retroviral FGF4 mediated expression can inhibit myogenesis in limbs (Edom-Vovard et al., 2001). However it has not been clearly established which of the FGF ligands are responsible for this activity in vivo and is further ...
... regulate muscle cell differentiation in somites (Sweetman et al., 2006) while retroviral FGF4 mediated expression can inhibit myogenesis in limbs (Edom-Vovard et al., 2001). However it has not been clearly established which of the FGF ligands are responsible for this activity in vivo and is further ...
RabGDI controls axonal midline crossing by regulating Robo1
... Robo expression [16-19]. In vertebrates, positive regulators of midline crossing were first identified [20]. Both in vivo and in vitro interactions of Axonin-1/TAG-1/ Contactin-2 and NrCAM were shown to mask a repellent activity of the floor plate [21,22]. The repellent activity was later attributed ...
... Robo expression [16-19]. In vertebrates, positive regulators of midline crossing were first identified [20]. Both in vivo and in vitro interactions of Axonin-1/TAG-1/ Contactin-2 and NrCAM were shown to mask a repellent activity of the floor plate [21,22]. The repellent activity was later attributed ...
Chato, a KRAB zinc-finger protein, regulates
... Altogether, these mesodermal defects are similar to those seen in zebrafish embryos in which convergent extension is disrupted (Matsui et al., 2005), but are different than those of mouse noncanonical Wnt pathway mutants. Morphogenetic defects in the chato neural plate and notochord Epithelial tissu ...
... Altogether, these mesodermal defects are similar to those seen in zebrafish embryos in which convergent extension is disrupted (Matsui et al., 2005), but are different than those of mouse noncanonical Wnt pathway mutants. Morphogenetic defects in the chato neural plate and notochord Epithelial tissu ...
β-catenin controls differentiation of the retinal pigment epithelium in
... the choroid. The RPE is vital for growth and function of the vertebrate eye and improper development results in congenital defects, such as microphthalmia or anophthalmia, or a change of cell fate into neural retina called transdifferentiation. The transcription factors microphthalmia-associated tra ...
... the choroid. The RPE is vital for growth and function of the vertebrate eye and improper development results in congenital defects, such as microphthalmia or anophthalmia, or a change of cell fate into neural retina called transdifferentiation. The transcription factors microphthalmia-associated tra ...
The transcription factors Nkx2.2 and Nkx2.9 play a
... period, provides redundant functions and thereby rescues V3 neurons (Pabst et al., 2003). Thus, the individual phenotypes of single Nkx2.2 and Nkx2.9 mutant mice suggest that the two genes have overlapping roles in neuronal patterning of the ventral spinal cord. In order to clarify the extent of sha ...
... period, provides redundant functions and thereby rescues V3 neurons (Pabst et al., 2003). Thus, the individual phenotypes of single Nkx2.2 and Nkx2.9 mutant mice suggest that the two genes have overlapping roles in neuronal patterning of the ventral spinal cord. In order to clarify the extent of sha ...
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... germs, we performed qRT-PCR on control and K14Cre;pNog tooth germs at E12.5 and E13.5. The results showed that the relative Nog levels in transgenic tooth were rather constant at both stages, but the endogenous Nog level in controls was much higher at E13.5 than E12.5 (Fig. 2A). To determine which B ...
... germs, we performed qRT-PCR on control and K14Cre;pNog tooth germs at E12.5 and E13.5. The results showed that the relative Nog levels in transgenic tooth were rather constant at both stages, but the endogenous Nog level in controls was much higher at E13.5 than E12.5 (Fig. 2A). To determine which B ...
Graded maternal short gastrulation protein contributes to embryonic
... defining the primary domains of zygotic gene expression in the ventral mesoderm, lateral neuroectoderm and dorsal ectoderm (Stathopoulos and Levine, 2002). Although signaling via the Toll pathway is sufficient to establish several distinct domains of gene expression along the DV axis, there is evide ...
... defining the primary domains of zygotic gene expression in the ventral mesoderm, lateral neuroectoderm and dorsal ectoderm (Stathopoulos and Levine, 2002). Although signaling via the Toll pathway is sufficient to establish several distinct domains of gene expression along the DV axis, there is evide ...
BMC Developmental Biology
... dorsal optic cup [40] and in regulating topographic mapping of retinal ganglion cells [41]. Overexpression of the BMP antagonist, Noggin, in chick, induces microphthalmia and coloboma, together with other ventral abnormalities, suggesting that endogenous BMPs have significant effects on the developm ...
... dorsal optic cup [40] and in regulating topographic mapping of retinal ganglion cells [41]. Overexpression of the BMP antagonist, Noggin, in chick, induces microphthalmia and coloboma, together with other ventral abnormalities, suggesting that endogenous BMPs have significant effects on the developm ...
Structure and function of the notochord: an essential
... The notochord has several well-established roles in patterning surrounding tissues. As these issues have been comprehensively reviewed elsewhere (Cleaver and Krieg, 2001; Dodd et al., 1998; Hogan and Bautch, 2004; Holland et al., 2004), I only mention some of the main roles here. Perhaps the best ch ...
... The notochord has several well-established roles in patterning surrounding tissues. As these issues have been comprehensively reviewed elsewhere (Cleaver and Krieg, 2001; Dodd et al., 1998; Hogan and Bautch, 2004; Holland et al., 2004), I only mention some of the main roles here. Perhaps the best ch ...
neural crest specification: migrating into genomics
... recent advances and highlighting future possibilities. Life at the margins ...
... recent advances and highlighting future possibilities. Life at the margins ...
Dishevelled: at the crossroads of divergent
... 1997). Biochemical binding assays have suggested that many members of the Wnt family can bind most (if not all) of the Fz receptors. However, when co-injected into Xenopus embryos only some Wnt-Fz combinations give a biological response (Moon et al., 1997). In another example, patterning of the apic ...
... 1997). Biochemical binding assays have suggested that many members of the Wnt family can bind most (if not all) of the Fz receptors. However, when co-injected into Xenopus embryos only some Wnt-Fz combinations give a biological response (Moon et al., 1997). In another example, patterning of the apic ...
Sonic hedgehog
Sonic hedgehog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SHH (""sonic hedgehog"") gene. Both the gene and the protein may also be found notated alternatively as ""Shh"".Sonic hedgehog is one of three proteins in the mammalian signaling pathway family called hedgehog, the others being desert hedgehog (DHH) and Indian hedgehog (IHH). SHH is the best studied ligand of the hedgehog signaling pathway. It plays a key role in regulating vertebrate organogenesis, such as in the growth of digits on limbs and organization of the brain. Sonic hedgehog is the best established example of a morphogen as defined by Lewis Wolpert's French flag model—a molecule that diffuses to form a concentration gradient and has different effects on the cells of the developing embryo depending on its concentration. SHH remains important in the adult. It controls cell division of adult stem cells and has been implicated in the development of some cancers.