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THE CELL THEORY 1. All living things are composed of cells and
THE CELL THEORY 1. All living things are composed of cells and

... ♦ Mitochondria have a double membrane – the outer membrane around the entire mitochondrion, and the inner membrane folded back and forth for large surface area for chemical reactions ♦ It is thought that mitochondria in eukaryotic cells may have evolved from ancient symbiotic prokaryotic bacteria th ...
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Unit C: Activity 42: A Closer Look
Unit C: Activity 42: A Closer Look

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Biology Chapter 3 Study Guide
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diffusion lab - traceypd2013
diffusion lab - traceypd2013

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FLECs - Biology 11 - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
FLECs - Biology 11 - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... the stomach? In a plant seed? Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) contains ribosomes which create proteins. RER would be found in cells that line the stomach since the stomach needs to secrete (release) enzymes to help break down food. These enzymes are released by proteins. If RER isn’t present then ...
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... the large paper for this. Your visual MUST include the following FOUR components:  Title “A cell is like ______________”  Your name  Each picture/organelle labeled clearly  A brief description of why its an analogy. ...
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... rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms controls which substances pass into and out of the cell acts as the cell’s control center directing all of the cell’s activities Tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within a cell allows materials to pass in an ...
Chapter 3 Quizzes
Chapter 3 Quizzes

... 3. (True or False) The modern cell theory applies to humans as well as to plants and animals. 4. What happens when a cell stops using energy? 5. (True or False) Some cells in your body are sensitive to light. ...
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Cytosol



The cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments.In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its structure and properties within cells is not well understood. The concentrations of ions such as sodium and potassium are different in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid; these differences in ion levels are important in processes such as osmoregulation, cell signaling, and the generation of action potentials in excitable cells such as endocrine, nerve and muscle cells. The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.Although it was once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, the cytosol has multiple levels of organization. These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.
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