GUTS Lecture Syllabus for Lipid Structure and Nomenclature
... the orientation of functional groups around the double bonds. Most fatty acids in humans contain an even number of carbon atoms and from 12 – 20 carbon atoms in a chain. When naming fatty a ...
... the orientation of functional groups around the double bonds. Most fatty acids in humans contain an even number of carbon atoms and from 12 – 20 carbon atoms in a chain. When naming fatty a ...
FEBS Letters
... 2. The influx of Na+ into the plants The greatest proportion of the root surface area is that presented by root hairs, and it is across the plasma membrane of these epidermal cells that the greatest portion of ion uptake occurs. Early studies of Na+ uptake with whole plants and excised roots led to t ...
... 2. The influx of Na+ into the plants The greatest proportion of the root surface area is that presented by root hairs, and it is across the plasma membrane of these epidermal cells that the greatest portion of ion uptake occurs. Early studies of Na+ uptake with whole plants and excised roots led to t ...
315-332
... as well as between plant species. This variability may reflect specific cell function. For example, many secondary cell walls, particularly xylem cells, contain lignin which increases wall strength. CELL WALL COMPOSITION Analytical methods used in cell wall studies Cell wall composition has been det ...
... as well as between plant species. This variability may reflect specific cell function. For example, many secondary cell walls, particularly xylem cells, contain lignin which increases wall strength. CELL WALL COMPOSITION Analytical methods used in cell wall studies Cell wall composition has been det ...
Middle East Jeopardy - Central Kitsap Junior High
... Traps energy from the sun to make glucose. Chloroplast ...
... Traps energy from the sun to make glucose. Chloroplast ...
Microbiology
... stimulated 1-5 times by immunization with live cells of 14. brasilense Sp7 (Galfre & Milstein, 1981). mAbs with high specificity for A. brasilense Sp7 were purified by hydroxylapatite column chromatography (Stanker e t al., 1983). The present experiments are carried out with one mAb from each class ...
... stimulated 1-5 times by immunization with live cells of 14. brasilense Sp7 (Galfre & Milstein, 1981). mAbs with high specificity for A. brasilense Sp7 were purified by hydroxylapatite column chromatography (Stanker e t al., 1983). The present experiments are carried out with one mAb from each class ...
Whole-cell biocatalysts by design - Microbial Cell Factories
... production of chemicals is its higher production cost. A multi-pronged approach to constructing efficient wholecell biocatalysts and improved production processes would be required. Whole-cell catalysis approaches can broadly be classified into biotransformation (biocatalysis) and fermentation biopr ...
... production of chemicals is its higher production cost. A multi-pronged approach to constructing efficient wholecell biocatalysts and improved production processes would be required. Whole-cell catalysis approaches can broadly be classified into biotransformation (biocatalysis) and fermentation biopr ...
The plastid division proteins, FtsZ1 and FtsZ2, differ in their
... division, we examined the effects of both FtsZ proteins by overproducing them in E. coli M15 by employing the expression vector PQE31. In this plasmid the protein is fused to a small histidine tag, and such small tags have been shown not to interfere with the biological activities of bacterial FtsZ ...
... division, we examined the effects of both FtsZ proteins by overproducing them in E. coli M15 by employing the expression vector PQE31. In this plasmid the protein is fused to a small histidine tag, and such small tags have been shown not to interfere with the biological activities of bacterial FtsZ ...
In vivo characterization of the properties of SUMO1
... SUMOylation is a post-translational modification analogous to ubiquitination whereby members of the SUMO (small ubiquitinlike modifier) family of proteins are covalently attached to one or more lysine residues in a target protein [1,2]. Since the first report of SUMOylation as a modification of the ...
... SUMOylation is a post-translational modification analogous to ubiquitination whereby members of the SUMO (small ubiquitinlike modifier) family of proteins are covalently attached to one or more lysine residues in a target protein [1,2]. Since the first report of SUMOylation as a modification of the ...
Heterodimerization and Endocytosis of Arabidopsis
... after transfection, and this pattern was unchanged up to 16 h (overnight) incubation of the protoplasts. In Figures 1A to 1D, representative images are shown after 8 h of incubation. Residual AtSERK3-CFP fluorescence was also seen in the cytoplasm, similar to what was observed for AtSERK1 (Shah et a ...
... after transfection, and this pattern was unchanged up to 16 h (overnight) incubation of the protoplasts. In Figures 1A to 1D, representative images are shown after 8 h of incubation. Residual AtSERK3-CFP fluorescence was also seen in the cytoplasm, similar to what was observed for AtSERK1 (Shah et a ...
The Golgi Apparatus - Global Science Books
... be exported to the Golgi apparatus, and then have to be retrieved. In addition, certain membrane proteins such as SNAREs reach the Golgi as part of the transport machinery between ER and Golgi, and must therefore be recycled to the ER to maintain efficient transport of proteins out of the ER. A mech ...
... be exported to the Golgi apparatus, and then have to be retrieved. In addition, certain membrane proteins such as SNAREs reach the Golgi as part of the transport machinery between ER and Golgi, and must therefore be recycled to the ER to maintain efficient transport of proteins out of the ER. A mech ...
THE PLANT CELL CYCLE Walter Dewitte and James A.H. Murray
... No crystal structure of a plant CDK has been reported, but all eukaryotic CDKs share substantial structural similarity, characterized by a bilobal structure. The catalytic cleft, with ATP- and substrate-binding sites, lies between the N-terminal and C-terminal lobes, and cyclin binding stabilizes th ...
... No crystal structure of a plant CDK has been reported, but all eukaryotic CDKs share substantial structural similarity, characterized by a bilobal structure. The catalytic cleft, with ATP- and substrate-binding sites, lies between the N-terminal and C-terminal lobes, and cyclin binding stabilizes th ...
rapid communication - AJP
... composed of multiple tyrosine residues forming SH2binding motifs and one SH3 domain, which mediates interaction with CD2AP. It was first recognized as a highly phosphorylated protein in v-src- and v-crktransformed cells (22, 23, 30) and is also phosphorylated subsequently to integrin-mediated cell a ...
... composed of multiple tyrosine residues forming SH2binding motifs and one SH3 domain, which mediates interaction with CD2AP. It was first recognized as a highly phosphorylated protein in v-src- and v-crktransformed cells (22, 23, 30) and is also phosphorylated subsequently to integrin-mediated cell a ...
18. THYROID FUNCTION
... Figure 18-3. General aspects of follicular activity The thyroglobulin is continuously emptied into the center of the follicle where it forms the colloid. This mode continues until the follicle becomes distended and filled with colloid. Once a follicle is filled the cells surrounding that follicle pr ...
... Figure 18-3. General aspects of follicular activity The thyroglobulin is continuously emptied into the center of the follicle where it forms the colloid. This mode continues until the follicle becomes distended and filled with colloid. Once a follicle is filled the cells surrounding that follicle pr ...
Switching the Cell Cycle. Kip-Related Proteins in Plant Cell
... CDK-cyclin complex, respectively. In contrast, inhibitors of the Kip/Cip family (p21Cip1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2) bind and inhibit a broader range of CDKs and function in dimeric as well as heterotrimeric complexes with CDKs and cyclins; all share a conserved inhibitory domain at their N terminus. Kip ...
... CDK-cyclin complex, respectively. In contrast, inhibitors of the Kip/Cip family (p21Cip1, p27Kip1, and p57Kip2) bind and inhibit a broader range of CDKs and function in dimeric as well as heterotrimeric complexes with CDKs and cyclins; all share a conserved inhibitory domain at their N terminus. Kip ...
FM Dyes Label Sterol-Rich Plasma Membrane
... inhibitor experiments and quantification of FM internalization in inhibitor-treated and control cells provide further evidence that constitutive endocytosis, or at least FM internalization and transport of FM fluorescent organelles in characean internodes, is not only independent of an intact actin ...
... inhibitor experiments and quantification of FM internalization in inhibitor-treated and control cells provide further evidence that constitutive endocytosis, or at least FM internalization and transport of FM fluorescent organelles in characean internodes, is not only independent of an intact actin ...
Cell types
... Cell types Trichomes Trichomes can appear as singular "hairs" or they can be branched as seen in these two stellate trichomes. Trichome shape is indicative of a particular plant species and has been used in taxonomy to identify plants. ...
... Cell types Trichomes Trichomes can appear as singular "hairs" or they can be branched as seen in these two stellate trichomes. Trichome shape is indicative of a particular plant species and has been used in taxonomy to identify plants. ...
Perspectives in the Coordinate Regulation of Cell Cycle Events in
... Cell cycles are re-initiated at the end of the cell cycles (Fig. 2A) or when light grown cultures are placed in the dark and re-exposed to light (Fig. 3A). Soon after the initiation of the cell cycle, r-protein synthesis is first to appear followed by the cell events as indicated in the Figs 2A and ...
... Cell cycles are re-initiated at the end of the cell cycles (Fig. 2A) or when light grown cultures are placed in the dark and re-exposed to light (Fig. 3A). Soon after the initiation of the cell cycle, r-protein synthesis is first to appear followed by the cell events as indicated in the Figs 2A and ...
Rab-A2 and Rab-A3 GTPases Define a trans
... When the FM4-64–labeled Rab-A2/A3 compartment was imaged at high resolution, it was clear that the colocalizing regions were often associated with FM4-64–labeled domains that lacked YFP:RAB-A2 or -A3 signal (Figure 2J). In time-lapse imaging, the colocalized and noncolocalized domains often remained ...
... When the FM4-64–labeled Rab-A2/A3 compartment was imaged at high resolution, it was clear that the colocalizing regions were often associated with FM4-64–labeled domains that lacked YFP:RAB-A2 or -A3 signal (Figure 2J). In time-lapse imaging, the colocalized and noncolocalized domains often remained ...
1111138443_282428
... History of the Cell Theory (cont’d.) • Modern cell theory – Cells arise only from other cells – All existing cells are descendants of the first cells ...
... History of the Cell Theory (cont’d.) • Modern cell theory – Cells arise only from other cells – All existing cells are descendants of the first cells ...
A Biological Overview of the Cell Cycle and its Response to Osmotic
... stress and the α-factor, and we have developed two mathematical models [39, 40], which are presented in Chaps. 3 and 4. Our first model is based on Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE), which predicts the influence of osmotic stress in all stages of cell cycle. This model integrates the osmotic stre ...
... stress and the α-factor, and we have developed two mathematical models [39, 40], which are presented in Chaps. 3 and 4. Our first model is based on Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE), which predicts the influence of osmotic stress in all stages of cell cycle. This model integrates the osmotic stre ...
Food Labels
... made up of many monomers? • Think quietly to yourself for 30 seconds • Write your idea on your whiteboard • Pair up with your neighbor – Make sure you have DIFFERENT answers ...
... made up of many monomers? • Think quietly to yourself for 30 seconds • Write your idea on your whiteboard • Pair up with your neighbor – Make sure you have DIFFERENT answers ...
Cytosol
The cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments.In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its structure and properties within cells is not well understood. The concentrations of ions such as sodium and potassium are different in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid; these differences in ion levels are important in processes such as osmoregulation, cell signaling, and the generation of action potentials in excitable cells such as endocrine, nerve and muscle cells. The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.Although it was once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, the cytosol has multiple levels of organization. These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.