Selective protein degradation: a rheostat to
... The CRL4CDT2 E3 complex also targets p21 when it interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in order to prevent DNA overreplication. Additionally, CRL4CDT2 is involved in the destruction of CDT1 to restrict its DNA replication activity. Fine-tuning of the S-phase progression further in ...
... The CRL4CDT2 E3 complex also targets p21 when it interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in order to prevent DNA overreplication. Additionally, CRL4CDT2 is involved in the destruction of CDT1 to restrict its DNA replication activity. Fine-tuning of the S-phase progression further in ...
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... Ans: Living organisms (1) are chemically complex and highly organized; (2) extract, transform, and use energy from their environment; (3) have the capacity to precisely self-replicate and self-assemble; (4) exploit a chemical interplay with their environment; (5) possess programmatically defined fun ...
... Ans: Living organisms (1) are chemically complex and highly organized; (2) extract, transform, and use energy from their environment; (3) have the capacity to precisely self-replicate and self-assemble; (4) exploit a chemical interplay with their environment; (5) possess programmatically defined fun ...
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
... electronic circuit entities have led to schematic biomimetic models. Movement of ions and molecules through channels present across neuron membrane that strictly maintains concentration gradients across them result in flow of current. The chemical concentration is analogous to a voltage at a circuit ...
... electronic circuit entities have led to schematic biomimetic models. Movement of ions and molecules through channels present across neuron membrane that strictly maintains concentration gradients across them result in flow of current. The chemical concentration is analogous to a voltage at a circuit ...
Two-dimensional numerical study of flow
... an average length of 5.9 μm (approximately radius of a leukocyte) were observed under physiological flow conditions (Schmidtke and Diamond, 2000), whereas platelet tethers with lengths of 3.2 16.6 μm (about 2 10 cell radii) were observed at a shear rate ranging from 150 to 10,000 s 1 (Dopheide et ...
... an average length of 5.9 μm (approximately radius of a leukocyte) were observed under physiological flow conditions (Schmidtke and Diamond, 2000), whereas platelet tethers with lengths of 3.2 16.6 μm (about 2 10 cell radii) were observed at a shear rate ranging from 150 to 10,000 s 1 (Dopheide et ...
supplementary information
... Growth rate during exponential phase was measured in minimal media containing 2% glucose and supplemented with the indicated concentration of histidine (error bars indicate s.e.m. of two or more measurements). The growth rate of the cheater strain is not sensitive to the histidine concentration beca ...
... Growth rate during exponential phase was measured in minimal media containing 2% glucose and supplemented with the indicated concentration of histidine (error bars indicate s.e.m. of two or more measurements). The growth rate of the cheater strain is not sensitive to the histidine concentration beca ...
Report into the death of Prisoner D 2016
... in the cell and I assumed that he was in the shower. In my experience I have seen prisoners taking showers at unusual times of the night. I proceeded to the watch tower button and pressed it. I looked back into the cell and I still saw steam. I continued with my guard tour and checked other prisone ...
... in the cell and I assumed that he was in the shower. In my experience I have seen prisoners taking showers at unusual times of the night. I proceeded to the watch tower button and pressed it. I looked back into the cell and I still saw steam. I continued with my guard tour and checked other prisone ...
Plant ER geometry and dynamics: A complex web of cytoskeletal
... and microtubule dependency then this raises the interesting possibility that ER mobility may be influenced through signalling from the PM, and the effects observed upon actin depolymerisation may be mediated through microtubule dependent processes (see later). The view that modelling is driven solel ...
... and microtubule dependency then this raises the interesting possibility that ER mobility may be influenced through signalling from the PM, and the effects observed upon actin depolymerisation may be mediated through microtubule dependent processes (see later). The view that modelling is driven solel ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... processing cytoplasm shrinks around the nucleus to produce a clear halo. 4 The intracellular oedema becomes more pronounced as the cells migrate into the stratum spinosum.eg leukoedema Intracellular oedema results from an alteration in the semipermeable membrane of the cell and subsequently allows t ...
... processing cytoplasm shrinks around the nucleus to produce a clear halo. 4 The intracellular oedema becomes more pronounced as the cells migrate into the stratum spinosum.eg leukoedema Intracellular oedema results from an alteration in the semipermeable membrane of the cell and subsequently allows t ...
ESCRT requirements for EIAV budding | SpringerLink
... AAA ATPase, using two different types of C-terminal tail motifs (called MIM-1 and MIM-2 elements) to bind Vps4 MIT domains [32-35]. Vps4p forms hexameric rings, and uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to remodel the ESCRT-III filaments [22,36,37], resulting in membrane fission and ESCRT-III subunit di ...
... AAA ATPase, using two different types of C-terminal tail motifs (called MIM-1 and MIM-2 elements) to bind Vps4 MIT domains [32-35]. Vps4p forms hexameric rings, and uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to remodel the ESCRT-III filaments [22,36,37], resulting in membrane fission and ESCRT-III subunit di ...
Hitting the Sweet Spot-Glycans as Targets of Fungal Defense
... highly basic and cysteine-stabilized defensin-like proteins, AntiFungal Protein (AFP) from Aspergillus giganteus [23], Penicillium Antifungal Protein (PAF) from Penicillium chrysogenum [24], Bubble Protein (BP) from Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx and their homologs in other ascomycetes [25]. Def ...
... highly basic and cysteine-stabilized defensin-like proteins, AntiFungal Protein (AFP) from Aspergillus giganteus [23], Penicillium Antifungal Protein (PAF) from Penicillium chrysogenum [24], Bubble Protein (BP) from Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx and their homologs in other ascomycetes [25]. Def ...
Tubular reabsorption
... Aldosterone affects Na+ and K+ ADH – facultative water reabsorption Parathyroid hormone – increases Ca++ reabsorption. Fine adjustment of tubular filtrate takes place here according to body needs. The first portion of DCT forms part of JGA, that provides feedback control of GFR and RBF of the same n ...
... Aldosterone affects Na+ and K+ ADH – facultative water reabsorption Parathyroid hormone – increases Ca++ reabsorption. Fine adjustment of tubular filtrate takes place here according to body needs. The first portion of DCT forms part of JGA, that provides feedback control of GFR and RBF of the same n ...
Towards a unifying model for the metaphase
... polytene chromosomes are formed. These range from cablelike structures consisting of several extended chromatid strands to the typical banded chromosomes of diptera, which combine a high degree of multiplicity with a tendency to somatic pairing which aligns the homologous chromomeres into bands. A l ...
... polytene chromosomes are formed. These range from cablelike structures consisting of several extended chromatid strands to the typical banded chromosomes of diptera, which combine a high degree of multiplicity with a tendency to somatic pairing which aligns the homologous chromomeres into bands. A l ...
Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in
... Background: Because of the increasing quantity and high toxicity to humans of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment, several bioremediation mechanisms and protocols have been investigated to restore PAH-contaminated sites. The transport of organic contaminants among plant cells ...
... Background: Because of the increasing quantity and high toxicity to humans of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment, several bioremediation mechanisms and protocols have been investigated to restore PAH-contaminated sites. The transport of organic contaminants among plant cells ...
filtration of a bacterial fermentation broth: harvest conditions
... of 5 hours for the broth held at pH 3, and 7 hours for broth held at pH 2 where as for broth held at pH 4, the cake hydraulic resistance decreases in an early stage and then increases up to 80% of the initial value. The decrease in hydraulic resistance associated with a cake build-up observed for br ...
... of 5 hours for the broth held at pH 3, and 7 hours for broth held at pH 2 where as for broth held at pH 4, the cake hydraulic resistance decreases in an early stage and then increases up to 80% of the initial value. The decrease in hydraulic resistance associated with a cake build-up observed for br ...
Select Acetophenones Modulate Flagellar Motility in Chlamydomonas
... sought to identify novel chemical inhibitors of motility. Accordingly, we screened a chemical library of acetophenones (all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich) for inhibitory effects on ciliary motility. Acetophenones were selected for their commercial availability and generally low toxicity in eukaryotic ...
... sought to identify novel chemical inhibitors of motility. Accordingly, we screened a chemical library of acetophenones (all obtained from Sigma-Aldrich) for inhibitory effects on ciliary motility. Acetophenones were selected for their commercial availability and generally low toxicity in eukaryotic ...
TOPIC 1. CELL CHARACTERISTICS AND DIGESTIBILITIES What
... quality of the sage brush not expressed by standard chemical analysis." The quality of the sagebrush which Smith speculated on was discribed by Nagy et al. (1964) as a result of research on the effects of essential oils on the growth and metabolism of rumen microorganisms of mule deer. Sagebrush ess ...
... quality of the sage brush not expressed by standard chemical analysis." The quality of the sagebrush which Smith speculated on was discribed by Nagy et al. (1964) as a result of research on the effects of essential oils on the growth and metabolism of rumen microorganisms of mule deer. Sagebrush ess ...
The Amino-terminal Domain of the Golgi Protein Giantin Interacts
... matrix protein 130; PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; kb, kilobase(s); PCR, polymerase chain reaction; MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization. This paper is available on line at http://www.jbc.org ...
... matrix protein 130; PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; kb, kilobase(s); PCR, polymerase chain reaction; MALDI, matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization. This paper is available on line at http://www.jbc.org ...
The cell cycle and pluripotency
... Stead et al. [3] demonstrated that only cyclin B–Cdc2 activity was regulated in a cell-cycle-dependent manner, i.e. that cyclin B–Cdc2 activity was high during late G2 /M-phases and low during G1 /S-phases [3]. The cyclins A2 and E1 were found to be constitutively expressed at levels exceeding those ...
... Stead et al. [3] demonstrated that only cyclin B–Cdc2 activity was regulated in a cell-cycle-dependent manner, i.e. that cyclin B–Cdc2 activity was high during late G2 /M-phases and low during G1 /S-phases [3]. The cyclins A2 and E1 were found to be constitutively expressed at levels exceeding those ...
The Golgi Apparatus
... • Membrane phospholipids and proteins can drift about in the plane of the membrane • This behavior leads to the description of a membrane as a fluid mosaic – Molecules can move freely within the membrane – A diversity of proteins exists within the membrane ...
... • Membrane phospholipids and proteins can drift about in the plane of the membrane • This behavior leads to the description of a membrane as a fluid mosaic – Molecules can move freely within the membrane – A diversity of proteins exists within the membrane ...
Profibrillin conversion by proprotein convertases
... enzymes resulted in the proteolytic processing of miniprofibrillin to a fragment that was 15.8 kDa smaller (termed mini-fibrillin) (Fig. 3). This processing was inhibited in the presence of EGTA. Short-fibrillin was not cleaved, indicating that the cleavage of mini-profibrillin occurred in the carbo ...
... enzymes resulted in the proteolytic processing of miniprofibrillin to a fragment that was 15.8 kDa smaller (termed mini-fibrillin) (Fig. 3). This processing was inhibited in the presence of EGTA. Short-fibrillin was not cleaved, indicating that the cleavage of mini-profibrillin occurred in the carbo ...
Functional diversification of centrins and cell morphological
... PtCenBP1p has previously been characterised as an essential component of the ICL forming the backbone of the network (Gogendeau et al., 2007). The new PtCenBP3 subfamily identified by the proteomic analysis comprises two proteins, PtCenBP2p and PtCenBP3p, which are paralogues of the most recent whol ...
... PtCenBP1p has previously been characterised as an essential component of the ICL forming the backbone of the network (Gogendeau et al., 2007). The new PtCenBP3 subfamily identified by the proteomic analysis comprises two proteins, PtCenBP2p and PtCenBP3p, which are paralogues of the most recent whol ...
Protist Characteristics
... helps the cell move; also in some protists. • motility: The ability to move. • pseudopod: Temporary, foot-like extension of the cytoplasm that some cells use for movement or feeding. • spore: A reproductive cell produced by various organisms; can withstand harsh environmental conditions. • symbiosis ...
... helps the cell move; also in some protists. • motility: The ability to move. • pseudopod: Temporary, foot-like extension of the cytoplasm that some cells use for movement or feeding. • spore: A reproductive cell produced by various organisms; can withstand harsh environmental conditions. • symbiosis ...
GUTS Lecture Syllabus for Lipid Structure and Nomenclature
... the orientation of functional groups around the double bonds. Most fatty acids in humans contain an even number of carbon atoms and from 12 – 20 carbon atoms in a chain. When naming fatty a ...
... the orientation of functional groups around the double bonds. Most fatty acids in humans contain an even number of carbon atoms and from 12 – 20 carbon atoms in a chain. When naming fatty a ...
Cytosol
The cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments.In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its structure and properties within cells is not well understood. The concentrations of ions such as sodium and potassium are different in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid; these differences in ion levels are important in processes such as osmoregulation, cell signaling, and the generation of action potentials in excitable cells such as endocrine, nerve and muscle cells. The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.Although it was once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, the cytosol has multiple levels of organization. These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.