Article Integrin-Dependent Organization and Bidirectional Vesicular Traffic at Cytotoxic Immune Synapses Immunity
... and CD28 accumulate and a peripheral region, which includes the b2 integrin LFA-1 (CD11a-CD18) (Dustin, 2008). The synapse includes also a focal point for TCR recycling and polarized secretion of cytokines, including interleukin-2 and interferon-g (Das et al., 2004; Huse et al., 2006), and for deliv ...
... and CD28 accumulate and a peripheral region, which includes the b2 integrin LFA-1 (CD11a-CD18) (Dustin, 2008). The synapse includes also a focal point for TCR recycling and polarized secretion of cytokines, including interleukin-2 and interferon-g (Das et al., 2004; Huse et al., 2006), and for deliv ...
press release
... single-handedly revolutionised our understanding of the bacterial cell cycle and cell morphogenesis, through his insightful structural studies on virtually all of the key players," says Jeff Errington, Director of Newcastle University’s Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences. "His work highlig ...
... single-handedly revolutionised our understanding of the bacterial cell cycle and cell morphogenesis, through his insightful structural studies on virtually all of the key players," says Jeff Errington, Director of Newcastle University’s Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences. "His work highlig ...
A Diffusible Signal from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Elicits a
... short contact with ungerminated spores, the medium triggered a detectable [Ca21]cyt change (Fig. 3). The maximal amplitude of the Ca21 peak was reached after 8 d, and thereafter only a slight modulation of the Ca21 signal was recorded (Fig. 3). The fungal medium, renewed after 8 d and collected at 1 ...
... short contact with ungerminated spores, the medium triggered a detectable [Ca21]cyt change (Fig. 3). The maximal amplitude of the Ca21 peak was reached after 8 d, and thereafter only a slight modulation of the Ca21 signal was recorded (Fig. 3). The fungal medium, renewed after 8 d and collected at 1 ...
Associative learning increases adult neurogenesis during a critical
... were split into ‘good’ (n = 7) or ‘poor’ (n = 7) learners based on whether the animal met the previously described learning criteria. Some animals were injected with BrdU and injected 4 days later, but not trained (n = 9). The BrdU-labeled cell counts from this group were used to assess the number o ...
... were split into ‘good’ (n = 7) or ‘poor’ (n = 7) learners based on whether the animal met the previously described learning criteria. Some animals were injected with BrdU and injected 4 days later, but not trained (n = 9). The BrdU-labeled cell counts from this group were used to assess the number o ...
Antigen recognition by T Lymphocytes
... then transport to ER • MHC Class II: extracellular antigens, e.g. pathogen engulfed by phagocytes; degradation in phagosome and lysosome ...
... then transport to ER • MHC Class II: extracellular antigens, e.g. pathogen engulfed by phagocytes; degradation in phagosome and lysosome ...
BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation assays for the assessment
... In vitro cell transformation assays have been proposed for predicting the carcinogenic potential of chemicals. Morphological transformation can be induced by exposing mammalian cells to carcinogens. The cellular and molecular processes involved in cell transformation in the cultures are assumed to b ...
... In vitro cell transformation assays have been proposed for predicting the carcinogenic potential of chemicals. Morphological transformation can be induced by exposing mammalian cells to carcinogens. The cellular and molecular processes involved in cell transformation in the cultures are assumed to b ...
A level Biology Summer Homework - North Bristol Post
... This work is set to help you make the transition from Year 11 to your Post-16 studies. It is very important that you complete it to a high standard as it will help you start to build to the skills you will need to do well at the North Bristol Post-16 Centre. 1. Complete the questions attached and br ...
... This work is set to help you make the transition from Year 11 to your Post-16 studies. It is very important that you complete it to a high standard as it will help you start to build to the skills you will need to do well at the North Bristol Post-16 Centre. 1. Complete the questions attached and br ...
Text S1.
... pTAK117, transformed into XL1-Blue host cells and the recombinants with minC in the sense orientation were identified using a simple phenotypic screen. Briefly, plasmid DNA was isolated from putative recombinant clones (irrespective of the orientation of the cloned minC coding sequence) and indepen ...
... pTAK117, transformed into XL1-Blue host cells and the recombinants with minC in the sense orientation were identified using a simple phenotypic screen. Briefly, plasmid DNA was isolated from putative recombinant clones (irrespective of the orientation of the cloned minC coding sequence) and indepen ...
Programmed cell death in plant development
... Plants live very economically. When the cell wall itself is able to accomplish a specific function, the protoplast is eliminated. Sclerenchyma cells are dead because thick cell walls perform the mechanical function. Phellem, commonly known as cork, is constituted of characteristic cells with a thick ...
... Plants live very economically. When the cell wall itself is able to accomplish a specific function, the protoplast is eliminated. Sclerenchyma cells are dead because thick cell walls perform the mechanical function. Phellem, commonly known as cork, is constituted of characteristic cells with a thick ...
Gastrulation in the sea anemone Nematostella
... Ultrastructure of blastodermal cells At the pre-gastrula stage, the shape of the embryos is more or less spherical and very uniform (Figs. 1c and 3a). The blastoderm consists of cells, which are highly polarized and wedge shaped (Figs. 2a and 3b), with the length of the apico-basal axis of the blast ...
... Ultrastructure of blastodermal cells At the pre-gastrula stage, the shape of the embryos is more or less spherical and very uniform (Figs. 1c and 3a). The blastoderm consists of cells, which are highly polarized and wedge shaped (Figs. 2a and 3b), with the length of the apico-basal axis of the blast ...
Adjustment of Host Cells for Accommodation of
... (A) Scheme of the nodule zones: M, meristem; zII, infection zone; zIII, zone of nitrogen fixation. The stages of symbiotic cells in development are shown next to each other (1 to 4). Zones described here correspond to the light microscopy image of the nodule (B) The arrow points to the zone of transi ...
... (A) Scheme of the nodule zones: M, meristem; zII, infection zone; zIII, zone of nitrogen fixation. The stages of symbiotic cells in development are shown next to each other (1 to 4). Zones described here correspond to the light microscopy image of the nodule (B) The arrow points to the zone of transi ...
comparative geometry of cytomembranes and water-lipid
... Some other characters underline the asymmetry of the membrane and, for instance, the endocytosis often observed at the basis of microvilli. There are examples of microvilli containing delicate extensions of the endoplasmic reticulum and each microvillus corresponds to a set of two coaxial cylinders, ...
... Some other characters underline the asymmetry of the membrane and, for instance, the endocytosis often observed at the basis of microvilli. There are examples of microvilli containing delicate extensions of the endoplasmic reticulum and each microvillus corresponds to a set of two coaxial cylinders, ...
Supplementary Figures 1–2 and Table (ppt 202K)
... Calcium flux in LR73 cells incubated with the indicated drugs (100 M YM-58483, 10 M thapsigargin, 1 mM Nickel or 10 M BAPTA) followed for 7 hours after the addition of apoptotic thymocytes (added at time 0). Data are shown as change in fluorescence over background (LR73 cells without the addition ...
... Calcium flux in LR73 cells incubated with the indicated drugs (100 M YM-58483, 10 M thapsigargin, 1 mM Nickel or 10 M BAPTA) followed for 7 hours after the addition of apoptotic thymocytes (added at time 0). Data are shown as change in fluorescence over background (LR73 cells without the addition ...
Precision Optogenetic Tool for Selective Single- and Multiple
... species. We apply miniSOG2 to a far more complex model animal system, Drosophila melanogaster, and demonstrate that it can be used to kill a single neuron in a Drosophila larva. In addition, miniSOG2 is able to photoablate a small group of cells in one of the larval wing imaginal discs, resulting in ...
... species. We apply miniSOG2 to a far more complex model animal system, Drosophila melanogaster, and demonstrate that it can be used to kill a single neuron in a Drosophila larva. In addition, miniSOG2 is able to photoablate a small group of cells in one of the larval wing imaginal discs, resulting in ...
REVIEW ARTICLE NECROTIZING SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS (NSTIs): A REVIEW ARTICLE Priyank Sharma
... 09; Page: 11999-12007, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2014/3584 ...
... 09; Page: 11999-12007, DOI: 10.14260/jemds/2014/3584 ...
Archenteron precursor cells can organize secondary axial structures
... gut tissue or (3) a combination of such signals could be involved (these possibilities are summarized in Fig. 1B). In order to provide experimental support for one of these alternative mechanisms, we have used a chimeric embryo approach to implant gut progenitors in ectopic locations to assess their ...
... gut tissue or (3) a combination of such signals could be involved (these possibilities are summarized in Fig. 1B). In order to provide experimental support for one of these alternative mechanisms, we have used a chimeric embryo approach to implant gut progenitors in ectopic locations to assess their ...
PDF
... early blastocyst and then segregate to their final position lining the cavity by the late blastocyst. We have identified plateletderived growth factor receptor alpha (Pdgfrα) as an early-expressed protein that is also a marker of the later PrE lineage. By combining live imaging of embryos expressing ...
... early blastocyst and then segregate to their final position lining the cavity by the late blastocyst. We have identified plateletderived growth factor receptor alpha (Pdgfrα) as an early-expressed protein that is also a marker of the later PrE lineage. By combining live imaging of embryos expressing ...
New insights into the evolutionary history of photoreceptor cells
... evolutionary history. Recent papers by Arendt et al. and Panda et al. provide one such reminder. They illustrate that the two classes of animal photoreceptors, ciliary and rhabdomeric photoreceptors, are likely to share an ancient common ancestor and have been evolving in parallel since their duplic ...
... evolutionary history. Recent papers by Arendt et al. and Panda et al. provide one such reminder. They illustrate that the two classes of animal photoreceptors, ciliary and rhabdomeric photoreceptors, are likely to share an ancient common ancestor and have been evolving in parallel since their duplic ...
ATP-sensitive potassium channels in capillaries isolated from
... 3—15 endothelial cells. The membrane capacitance measured in the whole-cell mode was 19·9 ± 1·0 pF and was independent of the length of the capillary fragment, which suggests that the endothelial cells were not electrically coupled under our experimental conditions. 4. The perforated-patch technique ...
... 3—15 endothelial cells. The membrane capacitance measured in the whole-cell mode was 19·9 ± 1·0 pF and was independent of the length of the capillary fragment, which suggests that the endothelial cells were not electrically coupled under our experimental conditions. 4. The perforated-patch technique ...
Centrosome Dynamics during the Meiotic Progression in the Mouse
... fields of the scientific disciplines which have considerable differences among the European countries (1). This also applies, of course, to the discipline corresponding to the activity carried out in a general clinical laboratory. This discipline may be defined as the branch of health sciences devot ...
... fields of the scientific disciplines which have considerable differences among the European countries (1). This also applies, of course, to the discipline corresponding to the activity carried out in a general clinical laboratory. This discipline may be defined as the branch of health sciences devot ...
Experimental and genetic analysis of root development in
... some residual activity. All seedlings homozygous for hbt alleles have abnormal root meristem anatomy. The most conspicuous anatomical defects are the irregularities in cell shape, number, and arrangement of the columella and quiescent centre region. Mutants homozygous for strong hbt alleles contain ...
... some residual activity. All seedlings homozygous for hbt alleles have abnormal root meristem anatomy. The most conspicuous anatomical defects are the irregularities in cell shape, number, and arrangement of the columella and quiescent centre region. Mutants homozygous for strong hbt alleles contain ...
Stem Cell: Past, Present and Future- A Review
... cells can be isolated 6. Pleuripotency of embryonic stem cells: Embryonic stem cells can give rise to cells from all three embryonic germ layers i.e. ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, even after being grown in culture for a long time. In other words they can develop into each of more than 220 cell ty ...
... cells can be isolated 6. Pleuripotency of embryonic stem cells: Embryonic stem cells can give rise to cells from all three embryonic germ layers i.e. ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, even after being grown in culture for a long time. In other words they can develop into each of more than 220 cell ty ...
as a PDF
... activity showed that rhamnogalacturonan I was the only component tested in tomatoes which possessed PIIF activity. Studies of more purified preparations of PIIF—active material extracted from tomato plants, and of other rhamnogalacturonan I preparations from sycamore have demonstrated that PIIF Thus ...
... activity showed that rhamnogalacturonan I was the only component tested in tomatoes which possessed PIIF activity. Studies of more purified preparations of PIIF—active material extracted from tomato plants, and of other rhamnogalacturonan I preparations from sycamore have demonstrated that PIIF Thus ...
DNA Methylation Profiles Define Stem Cell Identity and
... aim to identify characteristic patterns and key target loci reflecting their lineage allocation and developmental potency. We find that despite their distinct origin, TS and XEN cells share an extraembryonic lineage signature that is markedly different from that of ES cells and EpiSCs. Our data also ...
... aim to identify characteristic patterns and key target loci reflecting their lineage allocation and developmental potency. We find that despite their distinct origin, TS and XEN cells share an extraembryonic lineage signature that is markedly different from that of ES cells and EpiSCs. Our data also ...
Chronic Immune Reactivity Against Persisting Microbial Antigen in
... small pieces and digested with collagenase type II (2 mg/mL, dissolved in DMEM; Sigma). After incubation for 45 minutes at 37°C, single cell suspensions were prepared by passing through a syringe with a 21G needle. Cells were washed twice with DMEM 10% FCS and plated onto 6-well plates (cell suspens ...
... small pieces and digested with collagenase type II (2 mg/mL, dissolved in DMEM; Sigma). After incubation for 45 minutes at 37°C, single cell suspensions were prepared by passing through a syringe with a 21G needle. Cells were washed twice with DMEM 10% FCS and plated onto 6-well plates (cell suspens ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.