Cytoskeletal control of plant cell shape: getting the fine points
... new cell wall material and membrane [29]. However, Factin has long been suspected to play one or more additional roles in tip growth. This notion has recently been strengthened by the observation that tip growth is considerably more sensitive to a variety of actin-disrupting treatments than is the ...
... new cell wall material and membrane [29]. However, Factin has long been suspected to play one or more additional roles in tip growth. This notion has recently been strengthened by the observation that tip growth is considerably more sensitive to a variety of actin-disrupting treatments than is the ...
1749-8104-8-5 - Cambridge Repository
... Pard3-GFP is not strongly polarized in neural rod cells at 15 hpf (Figure 2C), but by 18 hpf Pard3-GFP is distinctly localized to the midline of the rod (Figure 2D). This timing of Pard3-GFP polarization is unaffected by isochronic transplantation (Figure 2E,F). Therefore isochronic cells show norma ...
... Pard3-GFP is not strongly polarized in neural rod cells at 15 hpf (Figure 2C), but by 18 hpf Pard3-GFP is distinctly localized to the midline of the rod (Figure 2D). This timing of Pard3-GFP polarization is unaffected by isochronic transplantation (Figure 2E,F). Therefore isochronic cells show norma ...
RNA SHAPE analysis in living cells
... RNA structure has important roles in practically every facet of gene regulation, but the paucity of in vivo structural probes limits current understanding. Here we design, synthesize and demonstrate two new chemical probes that enable selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHA ...
... RNA structure has important roles in practically every facet of gene regulation, but the paucity of in vivo structural probes limits current understanding. Here we design, synthesize and demonstrate two new chemical probes that enable selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHA ...
Redistribution and differential extraction of soluble proteins in
... if the soluble proteins do not bind to any cellular structures, they would appear to be preferentially localized to compartments or volumes of cytoplasm from which they are least easily extracted. Furthermore, both sources of error could operate together. These errors could also occur even when cell ...
... if the soluble proteins do not bind to any cellular structures, they would appear to be preferentially localized to compartments or volumes of cytoplasm from which they are least easily extracted. Furthermore, both sources of error could operate together. These errors could also occur even when cell ...
Fate of primitive streak cells
... transplantation of lacZ- or GFP-expressing transgenic cells and in situ labeling of cell populations. The micromanipulated embryos were examined after 24-48 hours of in vitro culture to determine the localization and number of transgenic or labeled cells in different tissues at the whole embryo and ...
... transplantation of lacZ- or GFP-expressing transgenic cells and in situ labeling of cell populations. The micromanipulated embryos were examined after 24-48 hours of in vitro culture to determine the localization and number of transgenic or labeled cells in different tissues at the whole embryo and ...
The enhancement of histone H4 and H2A serine 1 phosphorylation
... 2000). Also, in vitro chromatin condensation assays using Xenopus extracts indicated that neither H3S10 phosphorylation nor the H3 N-terminal tail is required for mitotic chromatin condensation (de la Barre et al. 2001). Therefore, although H3S10 phosphorylation may play a role in chromosome condens ...
... 2000). Also, in vitro chromatin condensation assays using Xenopus extracts indicated that neither H3S10 phosphorylation nor the H3 N-terminal tail is required for mitotic chromatin condensation (de la Barre et al. 2001). Therefore, although H3S10 phosphorylation may play a role in chromosome condens ...
The Phenomen of Squamous Metaplasia in Benign and Malignant
... extension into the adjacent terminal ducts of the duct system. In contrast with single papilloma, where Sq.M is quite common, intraductal papillomatosis rarely presents Sq.M. Gynecomastia is a benign proliferative process of the male breast, characterized by an unencapsulated proliferation of ducts ...
... extension into the adjacent terminal ducts of the duct system. In contrast with single papilloma, where Sq.M is quite common, intraductal papillomatosis rarely presents Sq.M. Gynecomastia is a benign proliferative process of the male breast, characterized by an unencapsulated proliferation of ducts ...
The FRA1 kinesin contributes to cortical microtubule
... Both cortical microtubule and cell wall organization are essentially unaltered in fra1-5 The original characterization of FRA1 reported that microtubule organization in fra1-1 plants was similar to that of wild-type plants (Zhong et al., 2002). We confirmed this for fra1-5 in both roots and hypocoty ...
... Both cortical microtubule and cell wall organization are essentially unaltered in fra1-5 The original characterization of FRA1 reported that microtubule organization in fra1-1 plants was similar to that of wild-type plants (Zhong et al., 2002). We confirmed this for fra1-5 in both roots and hypocoty ...
Activation of different myogenic pathways: myf
... with adjacent axial structures gave rise to a large number of βgal-positive (i.e. differentiated) cells; in contrast, very few βgal-positive cells were generated from UPM cultured in isolation. However, a good extent of differentiation occurred when UPM was cultured with adjacent lateral structures, ...
... with adjacent axial structures gave rise to a large number of βgal-positive (i.e. differentiated) cells; in contrast, very few βgal-positive cells were generated from UPM cultured in isolation. However, a good extent of differentiation occurred when UPM was cultured with adjacent lateral structures, ...
Activation of different myogenic pathways: myf-5 is
... with adjacent axial structures gave rise to a large number of βgal-positive (i.e. differentiated) cells; in contrast, very few βgal-positive cells were generated from UPM cultured in isolation. However, a good extent of differentiation occurred when UPM was cultured with adjacent lateral structures, ...
... with adjacent axial structures gave rise to a large number of βgal-positive (i.e. differentiated) cells; in contrast, very few βgal-positive cells were generated from UPM cultured in isolation. However, a good extent of differentiation occurred when UPM was cultured with adjacent lateral structures, ...
Modulating progenitor accumulation attenuates lung angiogenesis in a mouse model of asthma
... previously been shown to attenuate both eosinophilia and AHR in a mouse model of asthma [18]. In the present study AMD3100, given intranasally was administered either concurrently during the onset of disease or in a reversal/delayed treatment regimen once airway disease was established. Our data sho ...
... previously been shown to attenuate both eosinophilia and AHR in a mouse model of asthma [18]. In the present study AMD3100, given intranasally was administered either concurrently during the onset of disease or in a reversal/delayed treatment regimen once airway disease was established. Our data sho ...
The Cdk inhibitors p25rum1 and p40SIC1 are functional
... The first goal of these studies was to stablish if Cdk inhibitors from other organisms were able to rescue the phenotypes of fission yeast cells deleted for the rum1+ gene. Deletion of the rum1+ in the temperature sensitive cdc10-129 mutant background reduces the maximal temperature at which the cdc ...
... The first goal of these studies was to stablish if Cdk inhibitors from other organisms were able to rescue the phenotypes of fission yeast cells deleted for the rum1+ gene. Deletion of the rum1+ in the temperature sensitive cdc10-129 mutant background reduces the maximal temperature at which the cdc ...
Therapies for sarcopenia and regeneration of old skeletal muscles
... aged 27–29 mo13 showed a marked delay in inflammation (and hence no initiation of myogenesis) at 5 d after transplantation for old autografts, a time when new myotubes were conspicuous in young autografts and there were no adverse effects of the old host on young autografts. Thus age-related delays ...
... aged 27–29 mo13 showed a marked delay in inflammation (and hence no initiation of myogenesis) at 5 d after transplantation for old autografts, a time when new myotubes were conspicuous in young autografts and there were no adverse effects of the old host on young autografts. Thus age-related delays ...
OF PISUM SATIVUM L. (a) Source of Material
... Fig. 3). As time progressed these coalesced so that each cell contained several large vacuoles by the end of phase 2. This differentiation and expansion of the vacuolar system coincided with the expansion of the cells. The long axis of the plastids increased from about 3 fk to 8 fk during phase 2. T ...
... Fig. 3). As time progressed these coalesced so that each cell contained several large vacuoles by the end of phase 2. This differentiation and expansion of the vacuolar system coincided with the expansion of the cells. The long axis of the plastids increased from about 3 fk to 8 fk during phase 2. T ...
PDF file - Via Medica Journals
... in a hydrated form, methylene glycol (OH-CH2-OH), in solution. Condensing of the methylol group (CH2OH) with another compound containing active hydrogen ions leads to the production of the cross-links. The most common formaldehyde-based fixative is neutral buffered formalin (FA) solution, which was ...
... in a hydrated form, methylene glycol (OH-CH2-OH), in solution. Condensing of the methylol group (CH2OH) with another compound containing active hydrogen ions leads to the production of the cross-links. The most common formaldehyde-based fixative is neutral buffered formalin (FA) solution, which was ...
What are plastids and where did they come from?
... eukaryotic-type ribosomes found in the cytoplasm of the cell. 6. Plastids are capable of division within the plant cell and divide by a process of binary fission, similar in many ways to the division process of bacteria. The theory of endosymbiosis has been supported extensively by the avalanche of ...
... eukaryotic-type ribosomes found in the cytoplasm of the cell. 6. Plastids are capable of division within the plant cell and divide by a process of binary fission, similar in many ways to the division process of bacteria. The theory of endosymbiosis has been supported extensively by the avalanche of ...
CH-5 Lecture - Horizon Medical Institute
... • Chemotherapeutic drugs. • Surgical excision (used in 90% of the cases). • Irradiation or chemosurgery. ...
... • Chemotherapeutic drugs. • Surgical excision (used in 90% of the cases). • Irradiation or chemosurgery. ...
Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP
... three important elements: the distal enhancer, the proximal enhancer and the proximal promoter (16). Oct4 and Sox2 activated the Oct4 transcription by binding an Oct4/Sox2 element in the distal enhancer (17). The caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (Cdx2) suppressed Oct4 gene by binding to t ...
... three important elements: the distal enhancer, the proximal enhancer and the proximal promoter (16). Oct4 and Sox2 activated the Oct4 transcription by binding an Oct4/Sox2 element in the distal enhancer (17). The caudal-type homeobox transcription factor 2 (Cdx2) suppressed Oct4 gene by binding to t ...
Ianello A, Raulet DH. 2013. Immune Surveillance of Unhealthy Cells by Natural Killer Cells. Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology.
... mediated by induction and/or activation of E2F transcription factors. Oncogene activation may also indirectly activate p53, which augments transcription of certain human NKG2D ligands (ULBP1 and ULBP2). Heat shock stress results in the activation of the MICA and MICB promoters, via the action of HSF ...
... mediated by induction and/or activation of E2F transcription factors. Oncogene activation may also indirectly activate p53, which augments transcription of certain human NKG2D ligands (ULBP1 and ULBP2). Heat shock stress results in the activation of the MICA and MICB promoters, via the action of HSF ...
Ethanol Induces Heterotopias in Organotypic
... more superficial CP and in the MZ fibers became more randomly oriented. On occasion, thin fibers could be seen coursing through the MZ and into the suprapial wart. Ventricular warts also contained nestin-positive fibers (data not shown). ...
... more superficial CP and in the MZ fibers became more randomly oriented. On occasion, thin fibers could be seen coursing through the MZ and into the suprapial wart. Ventricular warts also contained nestin-positive fibers (data not shown). ...
A Triad of Costimulatory Molecules Synergize to
... was demonstrated by flow cytometry (Fig. 1). Uninfected cells (data not shown) and cells infected with wild-type vaccinia virus (V-WT) failed to express any of the three costimulatory molecules (Fig. 1). This observation was confirmed by PCR (data not shown). In contrast, cells infected with rV-B7-1 ...
... was demonstrated by flow cytometry (Fig. 1). Uninfected cells (data not shown) and cells infected with wild-type vaccinia virus (V-WT) failed to express any of the three costimulatory molecules (Fig. 1). This observation was confirmed by PCR (data not shown). In contrast, cells infected with rV-B7-1 ...
Embryo_seedling
... also be stored in thickened cell walls (of endosperm or cotyledons) composed mostly of hemicelluloses. Protein is stored in granules enclosed in membrane derived from the tonoplast and may consist of globulins. Oil is stored as triglyceride in cytoplasmic granules, which may be bound by a unit membr ...
... also be stored in thickened cell walls (of endosperm or cotyledons) composed mostly of hemicelluloses. Protein is stored in granules enclosed in membrane derived from the tonoplast and may consist of globulins. Oil is stored as triglyceride in cytoplasmic granules, which may be bound by a unit membr ...
Fast lysis of Escherichia coli filament cells requires
... septation is reached and FtsZ assembles into new Zrings, SMS is triggered again and the whole process repeats. The consequences are that diffuse and zonal modes of murein synthesis alternate and that filaments of ftsA, ftsQ or ftsI, but not ftsZ, mutants develop rings of ‘ all new ’ murein at the po ...
... septation is reached and FtsZ assembles into new Zrings, SMS is triggered again and the whole process repeats. The consequences are that diffuse and zonal modes of murein synthesis alternate and that filaments of ftsA, ftsQ or ftsI, but not ftsZ, mutants develop rings of ‘ all new ’ murein at the po ...
In all vertebrate embryos examined so far, the first
... efficient when applied to whole fixed zebrafish embryos, larvae, and even juvenile (over 1-month old) fish (Figure 1). At medium magnification, the staining nicely delineates the often amoeboid granulocytes throughout the embryo, leaving their nucleus unstained (Figure 1A,b-c; B,d, C,b-c). At high m ...
... efficient when applied to whole fixed zebrafish embryos, larvae, and even juvenile (over 1-month old) fish (Figure 1). At medium magnification, the staining nicely delineates the often amoeboid granulocytes throughout the embryo, leaving their nucleus unstained (Figure 1A,b-c; B,d, C,b-c). At high m ...
Culturability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cells isolated from
... several days post-infection in vivo. The resulting bacterial suspensions contained a range of morphological types including rods, ovoid forms and coccoid forms. Bacterial viability measured using the MPN method (dilution to extinction in liquid medium) was often much higher than that measured by CFU ...
... several days post-infection in vivo. The resulting bacterial suspensions contained a range of morphological types including rods, ovoid forms and coccoid forms. Bacterial viability measured using the MPN method (dilution to extinction in liquid medium) was often much higher than that measured by CFU ...
Tissue engineering
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. While it was once categorized as a sub-field of biomaterials, having grown in scope and importance it can be considered as a field in its own right.While most definitions of tissue engineering cover a broad range of applications, in practice the term is closely associated with applications that repair or replace portions of or whole tissues (i.e., bone, cartilage, blood vessels, bladder, skin, muscle etc.). Often, the tissues involved require certain mechanical and structural properties for proper functioning. The term has also been applied to efforts to perform specific biochemical functions using cells within an artificially-created support system (e.g. an artificial pancreas, or a bio artificial liver). The term regenerative medicine is often used synonymously with tissue engineering, although those involved in regenerative medicine place more emphasis on the use of stem cells or progenitor cells to produce tissues.