2. introduction
... succession and to one additional cell below where it was extinguished. B: higher magnification of the image (from red line to the right of the image in A) showing Ca2+ spritzes (red arrows) that caused propagation of Ca2+ waves to neighboring myocytes. Experiments by Kaneko et al. (3) also used rat ...
... succession and to one additional cell below where it was extinguished. B: higher magnification of the image (from red line to the right of the image in A) showing Ca2+ spritzes (red arrows) that caused propagation of Ca2+ waves to neighboring myocytes. Experiments by Kaneko et al. (3) also used rat ...
A PP2A-B55 recognition signal controls substrate
... considerable focus on understanding the regulatory networks controlling kinase and phosphatase activity (Novak et al., 2010; Ferrell, 2013), how individual substrates for the same pathway are differentially regulated is still poorly understood. It has long been known that mitotic kinases, substrates ...
... considerable focus on understanding the regulatory networks controlling kinase and phosphatase activity (Novak et al., 2010; Ferrell, 2013), how individual substrates for the same pathway are differentially regulated is still poorly understood. It has long been known that mitotic kinases, substrates ...
Autophagy and pancreatitis
... the rates of formation and degradative activity of autolysosomes, the latter being controlled by the levels and proteolytic activities of lysosomal hydrolases, the LAMPs, intralysosomal pH, and other factors. Because the properties and functions of autophagosomes and autolysosomes are so different, ...
... the rates of formation and degradative activity of autolysosomes, the latter being controlled by the levels and proteolytic activities of lysosomal hydrolases, the LAMPs, intralysosomal pH, and other factors. Because the properties and functions of autophagosomes and autolysosomes are so different, ...
Cenp-A Presence in Drosophila - Institute of Molecular Life Sciences
... interconnected spermatocytes. Premeiotic S phase is completed very soon after the last of these four mitotic divisions. Thereafter extensive spermatocyte growth occurs during an extended meiotic G2 phase before progression through the first and second meiotic division. The haploid cell nucleus of po ...
... interconnected spermatocytes. Premeiotic S phase is completed very soon after the last of these four mitotic divisions. Thereafter extensive spermatocyte growth occurs during an extended meiotic G2 phase before progression through the first and second meiotic division. The haploid cell nucleus of po ...
Cytoskeleton: What Does GTP Do for Septins? Dispatch
... mother and bud. [1]. Septins are also present in metazoan cells, where they are required for cytokinesis in some systems, and implicated in a variety of other processes involving organization of the cell cortex and exocytosis [2–4]. Septins immunopurified from cytosol exist as heteromeric complexes ...
... mother and bud. [1]. Septins are also present in metazoan cells, where they are required for cytokinesis in some systems, and implicated in a variety of other processes involving organization of the cell cortex and exocytosis [2–4]. Septins immunopurified from cytosol exist as heteromeric complexes ...
Nanoscale Architecture of Endoplasmic Reticulum Export Sites and
... that undergo changes in organization in the time range of seconds and even fractions of seconds. Thus, to preserve these membrane systems in their natural state for electron microscope (EM) analysis requires fixation methods that can stabilize cellular structures in a fraction of a second and proces ...
... that undergo changes in organization in the time range of seconds and even fractions of seconds. Thus, to preserve these membrane systems in their natural state for electron microscope (EM) analysis requires fixation methods that can stabilize cellular structures in a fraction of a second and proces ...
TAL1occupancy_WuRevised_v16 - bx.psu.edu
... We hypothesized that occupancy of a DNA segment by TAL1 in a particular cell type regulates the expression of one or more genes in that cell type. If so, then the genes regulated by TAL1 OSs in the different clusters should reflect lineage- or stage-specific functions. To test this hypothesis, we fi ...
... We hypothesized that occupancy of a DNA segment by TAL1 in a particular cell type regulates the expression of one or more genes in that cell type. If so, then the genes regulated by TAL1 OSs in the different clusters should reflect lineage- or stage-specific functions. To test this hypothesis, we fi ...
AcmA of Lactococcus lactis is an N-acetylglucosaminidase
... protease of L. lactis IL1403, HtrA, is capable of degrading AcmA. No AcmA degradation products were found in an htrA knockout mutant, in which HtrA is not expressed. AcmA consists of an active site domain, followed by a C-terminal region (cA) containing three highly homologous repeats of 45 amino ac ...
... protease of L. lactis IL1403, HtrA, is capable of degrading AcmA. No AcmA degradation products were found in an htrA knockout mutant, in which HtrA is not expressed. AcmA consists of an active site domain, followed by a C-terminal region (cA) containing three highly homologous repeats of 45 amino ac ...
Sensitive Interaction between Raptor a
... contains an N-terminal RNC (raptor N-terminal conserved) domain found in all its eukaryotic homologs, followed by three HEAT repeats and seven WD-40 repeats in the C-terminal third of the protein (Kim et al., 2002). The mTOR binding site on raptor is not easily defined and, based on mutagenesis and ...
... contains an N-terminal RNC (raptor N-terminal conserved) domain found in all its eukaryotic homologs, followed by three HEAT repeats and seven WD-40 repeats in the C-terminal third of the protein (Kim et al., 2002). The mTOR binding site on raptor is not easily defined and, based on mutagenesis and ...
Erythropoietin critically regulates the terminal
... staining indicates that EPO stimulated primitive erythroblasts have undergone one more cell division than EPOdeprived erythroblasts (Figure 4C, right panel). These data, taken together with cell cycle changes seen in vivo, indicate that EPO increases the proliferative capacity of maturing primitive ...
... staining indicates that EPO stimulated primitive erythroblasts have undergone one more cell division than EPOdeprived erythroblasts (Figure 4C, right panel). These data, taken together with cell cycle changes seen in vivo, indicate that EPO increases the proliferative capacity of maturing primitive ...
The versatility of mitochondrial calcium signals: From stimulation of
... For the delivery of aequorin to the mitochondrial intermembrane space (MIMS), we exploited the characteristics of another mitochondrial protein. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) is an enzyme present in the mitochondrial inner membrane with a C-terminal domain protruding into the MIMS. To targe ...
... For the delivery of aequorin to the mitochondrial intermembrane space (MIMS), we exploited the characteristics of another mitochondrial protein. Glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) is an enzyme present in the mitochondrial inner membrane with a C-terminal domain protruding into the MIMS. To targe ...
The Young Mouse Heart Is Composed of Myocytes Heterogeneous
... case, myocyte turnover would result at any age in a myocardium composed by a heterogeneous population of parenchymal cells which are structurally integrated but may contribute differently to myocardial performance. To test this hypothesis, left ventricular myocytes were isolated from mice at 3 month ...
... case, myocyte turnover would result at any age in a myocardium composed by a heterogeneous population of parenchymal cells which are structurally integrated but may contribute differently to myocardial performance. To test this hypothesis, left ventricular myocytes were isolated from mice at 3 month ...
C. elegans the L1 larval stage
... processes based on attractive and repulsive cues. C. elegans has been an instrumental model in the study of neurobiology with one of the key benefits being a relatively simple nervous system which comprises of only 302 neurons. The Eph Receptors are a canonical class of axon guidance molecules and i ...
... processes based on attractive and repulsive cues. C. elegans has been an instrumental model in the study of neurobiology with one of the key benefits being a relatively simple nervous system which comprises of only 302 neurons. The Eph Receptors are a canonical class of axon guidance molecules and i ...
Reduced initiation frequency from oriC restores viability of a
... E. coli cells with reduced DnaA protein activity, due either to certain mutations in domain III or IV of the protein, or to the introduction of additional datA sites, initiate replication at an increased cell mass per origin. Initiations are often asynchronous, indicating that not all origins are in ...
... E. coli cells with reduced DnaA protein activity, due either to certain mutations in domain III or IV of the protein, or to the introduction of additional datA sites, initiate replication at an increased cell mass per origin. Initiations are often asynchronous, indicating that not all origins are in ...
DC-derived exosomes bear molecules involved in
... extracellular exosomes with DC is unknown. Although there is evidence that exosomes may transfer functional MHC-I/peptide complexes to DC 24, it is unclear whether exosomes cluster or fuse with DC, or if they are internalized and processed, as occurs with vesicles derived from apoptotic cells 2-5. H ...
... extracellular exosomes with DC is unknown. Although there is evidence that exosomes may transfer functional MHC-I/peptide complexes to DC 24, it is unclear whether exosomes cluster or fuse with DC, or if they are internalized and processed, as occurs with vesicles derived from apoptotic cells 2-5. H ...
Calcium oscillations in higher plants Nicola H Evans*, Martin R
... a strong correlation between NF-induced [Ca2+]cyt oscillations and nodule formation. Recent data indicate a role for PLC and phospholipase D in this signalling pathway [24]. However, as noted by Long and co-workers [22•], it is not known whether [Ca2+]cyt oscillations are on the main signalling path ...
... a strong correlation between NF-induced [Ca2+]cyt oscillations and nodule formation. Recent data indicate a role for PLC and phospholipase D in this signalling pathway [24]. However, as noted by Long and co-workers [22•], it is not known whether [Ca2+]cyt oscillations are on the main signalling path ...
The actin cytoskeleton is a target of the self
... plants has attempted to characterize the effect that signalling stimuli have on actin dynamics or, more speci®cally, the state of actin polymerization. Tip growing cells provide a good system whereby the signals responsible for mediating changes to the actin cytoskeleton may be studied. In plants, p ...
... plants has attempted to characterize the effect that signalling stimuli have on actin dynamics or, more speci®cally, the state of actin polymerization. Tip growing cells provide a good system whereby the signals responsible for mediating changes to the actin cytoskeleton may be studied. In plants, p ...
BIOACCUMULATION OF METAL CATIONS BY YEAST AND YEAST
... hollow fibre microfilter membrane cartridges and used as a fixed-bed bioaccumulator. ...
... hollow fibre microfilter membrane cartridges and used as a fixed-bed bioaccumulator. ...
What`s the Difference? Efficient Set Reconciliation without
... dynamic sampling from a data stream to estimate set sizes using a hierarchy of samples, which include summations and counts. Likewise, Cormode and Muthukrishnan [7] and Schweller et al. [20] describe sketch-based methods for finding large differences in traffic flows. (See also [19].) An alternative ...
... dynamic sampling from a data stream to estimate set sizes using a hierarchy of samples, which include summations and counts. Likewise, Cormode and Muthukrishnan [7] and Schweller et al. [20] describe sketch-based methods for finding large differences in traffic flows. (See also [19].) An alternative ...
Microtubule Independent Vesiculation of Golgi Membranes and the
... Moreover, we provide evidence that if the Golgi complex is first dismantled into stacks with microtubule disrupting agents, IQ treatment further breaks down Golgi stacks into VGMs. Thus, IQ acts independently both on microtubules and Golgi membranes and breaks down Golgi membranes regardless of the ...
... Moreover, we provide evidence that if the Golgi complex is first dismantled into stacks with microtubule disrupting agents, IQ treatment further breaks down Golgi stacks into VGMs. Thus, IQ acts independently both on microtubules and Golgi membranes and breaks down Golgi membranes regardless of the ...
Bound by Fate: The Role of Reactive Oxygen
... synchronized responses in tissues, organs, and throughout the entire organism. The perception of specific molecules at the cell perimeter is of crucial importance for these signaling processes. In plants, communication between cells and the extracellular environment is largely controlled by receptor- ...
... synchronized responses in tissues, organs, and throughout the entire organism. The perception of specific molecules at the cell perimeter is of crucial importance for these signaling processes. In plants, communication between cells and the extracellular environment is largely controlled by receptor- ...
Cell fate specification and polarisation in mouse preimplantation
... Fgfr/Erk signalling is known to be required for specification of the primitive endoderm, but its role in polarisation of this tissue is less well understood. To investigate the function of this pathway in the primitive endoderm, embryoid bodies were cultured in the presence of a small molecule inhib ...
... Fgfr/Erk signalling is known to be required for specification of the primitive endoderm, but its role in polarisation of this tissue is less well understood. To investigate the function of this pathway in the primitive endoderm, embryoid bodies were cultured in the presence of a small molecule inhib ...
Spiralian Development: A Perspective Seventy
... Essentially, the process involves a meridional first cleavage, producing two blasto- eggs, undergo a transition to bilateral divimeres equal in size. The second division is sions, foreshadowing bilaterality in the not meridional, as in four-quadrant spiral juvenile. cleavage, but rather is oblique, ...
... Essentially, the process involves a meridional first cleavage, producing two blasto- eggs, undergo a transition to bilateral divimeres equal in size. The second division is sions, foreshadowing bilaterality in the not meridional, as in four-quadrant spiral juvenile. cleavage, but rather is oblique, ...