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... endoderm (arrows), adjacent mesoderm (arrowheads) and the ear (asterisk). In all 21 tbx1 mutants, all tbx1 expression was lost. tbx1 expression was selectively restored in the her5:GFP-positive endoderm of all 17 nkx2.3:Tbx1; tbx1 −/− embryos and in the mesoderm of all nine nkx2.5:Tbx1; tbx1 −/− emb ...
... endoderm (arrows), adjacent mesoderm (arrowheads) and the ear (asterisk). In all 21 tbx1 mutants, all tbx1 expression was lost. tbx1 expression was selectively restored in the her5:GFP-positive endoderm of all 17 nkx2.3:Tbx1; tbx1 −/− embryos and in the mesoderm of all nine nkx2.5:Tbx1; tbx1 −/− emb ...
Up-regulation of junctophilin-2 prevents ER stress and apoptosis in
... 17.3 million people per year, and the number is predicted to climb to 23.6 million by 2030 [1]. In Canada, 1.6 million people are suffering from CVD, and more than 66,000 Canadians die from it each year, nearly one death every seven minutes [2]. Ischemic heart disease (IHD), also known as coronary a ...
... 17.3 million people per year, and the number is predicted to climb to 23.6 million by 2030 [1]. In Canada, 1.6 million people are suffering from CVD, and more than 66,000 Canadians die from it each year, nearly one death every seven minutes [2]. Ischemic heart disease (IHD), also known as coronary a ...
Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Atria and Ventricles of the
... synthesizing DNA in vivo to a considerable extent (38). Little is known about the molecular mechanisms governing proliferation of cardiac myocytes. As with skeletal myoblasts ...
... synthesizing DNA in vivo to a considerable extent (38). Little is known about the molecular mechanisms governing proliferation of cardiac myocytes. As with skeletal myoblasts ...
Targeted wild-type and jerker espins reveal a novel, WH2
... espin 2B to bind ATP-actin in vitro in pull-down assays carried out under conditions intended to maintain the actin in monomeric form (Fig. 3E). A similar result was obtained previously for espin 3A and espin 3B (Sekerková et al., 2004). Moreover, deletion of the 17-aa core also reduced the rapid re ...
... espin 2B to bind ATP-actin in vitro in pull-down assays carried out under conditions intended to maintain the actin in monomeric form (Fig. 3E). A similar result was obtained previously for espin 3A and espin 3B (Sekerková et al., 2004). Moreover, deletion of the 17-aa core also reduced the rapid re ...
New Functions of APC/C Ubiquitin Ligase in the Nervous System
... cdh1 were ubiquitously expressed in fully differentiated cultured rat hippocampal neurons [11], which initiated the search for functions of APC/C-Cdh1 in the nervous system. Since then, several fundamental processes, such as axonal growth and patterning [12,13], neuronal cell cycle exit [14], neuron ...
... cdh1 were ubiquitously expressed in fully differentiated cultured rat hippocampal neurons [11], which initiated the search for functions of APC/C-Cdh1 in the nervous system. Since then, several fundamental processes, such as axonal growth and patterning [12,13], neuronal cell cycle exit [14], neuron ...
The mitochondrial compartment - Plant Mitochondrial dynamics
... cell death (Jones, 2000; Youle and Karbowski, 2005). This review deals with the complex biology of the mitochondrion and describes how various levels of compartmentalization within the mitochondrion and cellular mitochondrial population as a whole (the chondriome) underpin the multiple functions of ...
... cell death (Jones, 2000; Youle and Karbowski, 2005). This review deals with the complex biology of the mitochondrion and describes how various levels of compartmentalization within the mitochondrion and cellular mitochondrial population as a whole (the chondriome) underpin the multiple functions of ...
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... accessory factor Bicaudal D, regulates the branching of PVD sensory neuron dendrites Cristina Aguirre-Chen1, Hannes E. Bülow1,2 and Zaven Kaprielian1,3,* SUMMARY The establishment of cell type-specific dendritic arborization patterns is a key phase in the assembly of neuronal circuitry that facilita ...
... accessory factor Bicaudal D, regulates the branching of PVD sensory neuron dendrites Cristina Aguirre-Chen1, Hannes E. Bülow1,2 and Zaven Kaprielian1,3,* SUMMARY The establishment of cell type-specific dendritic arborization patterns is a key phase in the assembly of neuronal circuitry that facilita ...
Core Transcriptional Regulatory Circuit Controlled by the
... analyzed, which included two cell lines (Jurkat and CCRFCEM; Figures S1A and 1B) and two ‘‘primagraft’’ samples (‘‘Prima 2’’ and ‘‘Prima 5’’) derived from primary T-ALL cells expanded in immunocompromised mice without any exposure to in vitro culture. Aberrant expression of TAL1 in both primagrafts ...
... analyzed, which included two cell lines (Jurkat and CCRFCEM; Figures S1A and 1B) and two ‘‘primagraft’’ samples (‘‘Prima 2’’ and ‘‘Prima 5’’) derived from primary T-ALL cells expanded in immunocompromised mice without any exposure to in vitro culture. Aberrant expression of TAL1 in both primagrafts ...
ICAM-1 - The Journal of Cell Biology
... molecules that interact and support these functions originate from observations of their spatial arrangements by immunostaining methods. These studies have suggested, for instance, that membrane-cytoskeleton interactions take place in specialized contacts such as focal adhesions (12) or desmosomes ( ...
... molecules that interact and support these functions originate from observations of their spatial arrangements by immunostaining methods. These studies have suggested, for instance, that membrane-cytoskeleton interactions take place in specialized contacts such as focal adhesions (12) or desmosomes ( ...
Chapter 3: Cells
... (Outcome 3.19) F. Two types of proteins called ____________ also control cell division. (Outcome 3.17) G. When a cell becomes too large to obtain nutrients, it is likely to _______________________________________________________________________ . (Outcome 3.17) H. Two examples of external controls t ...
... (Outcome 3.19) F. Two types of proteins called ____________ also control cell division. (Outcome 3.17) G. When a cell becomes too large to obtain nutrients, it is likely to _______________________________________________________________________ . (Outcome 3.17) H. Two examples of external controls t ...
Protists - Dillman Biology
... Among the first symptoms and signs of African sleeping sickness are headaches, irregular fevers, swollen tissues and joint pains. At a later stage the parasites invade the brain, which usually leads to mental disorders, coma and eventually death. ...
... Among the first symptoms and signs of African sleeping sickness are headaches, irregular fevers, swollen tissues and joint pains. At a later stage the parasites invade the brain, which usually leads to mental disorders, coma and eventually death. ...
Surge and destroy: the role of auxin in plant embryogenesis
... observations suggest that DR5 activity alone is not a sufficient way to measure intracellular auxin activity. First, in the presence of ARFs with transcriptional repression domains, the DR5 reporter is repressed in protoplasts (Tiwari et al., 2003). High levels of such ARFs in a cell could theoretic ...
... observations suggest that DR5 activity alone is not a sufficient way to measure intracellular auxin activity. First, in the presence of ARFs with transcriptional repression domains, the DR5 reporter is repressed in protoplasts (Tiwari et al., 2003). High levels of such ARFs in a cell could theoretic ...
Chato, a KRAB zinc-finger protein, regulates
... more-severe mutant combinations and evaluated their phenotypes in mesoderm, neural tube and notochord. We did not observe any modification of the Lp mutant phenotype in embryos lacking one copy of chato (Lp–/–; chato+/–). Similarly, the chato mutant phenotype did not change in the absence of one cop ...
... more-severe mutant combinations and evaluated their phenotypes in mesoderm, neural tube and notochord. We did not observe any modification of the Lp mutant phenotype in embryos lacking one copy of chato (Lp–/–; chato+/–). Similarly, the chato mutant phenotype did not change in the absence of one cop ...
Dishevelled: at the crossroads of divergent
... rhoA and strabismus (stbm) are required for planar polarity generation in all tissues (Adler et al., 1990; Gubb, 1993; Strutt et al., 1997; Wolff and Rubin, 1998). Unlike dsh, these genes do not display wg phenotypes. In addition, several genes have been identi®ed that are required for planar polari ...
... rhoA and strabismus (stbm) are required for planar polarity generation in all tissues (Adler et al., 1990; Gubb, 1993; Strutt et al., 1997; Wolff and Rubin, 1998). Unlike dsh, these genes do not display wg phenotypes. In addition, several genes have been identi®ed that are required for planar polari ...
Biology - Cellular, Molecular, Professional Emphasis (sample 4 Year Plan) 2011.doc
... Bio 341 Immunology (F) (3 cr) (if not used to fill preceding requirement) Bio 350 Electron Microscopy (F) (4 cr) (if not used to fill preceding requirement) Bio 354 Parasitology (S) (3 cr) Bio 374 Cell Immunology (3cr) (if not used to fill preceding requirement) Bio 389 Biotechnology (S) (3 cr) (if ...
... Bio 341 Immunology (F) (3 cr) (if not used to fill preceding requirement) Bio 350 Electron Microscopy (F) (4 cr) (if not used to fill preceding requirement) Bio 354 Parasitology (S) (3 cr) Bio 374 Cell Immunology (3cr) (if not used to fill preceding requirement) Bio 389 Biotechnology (S) (3 cr) (if ...
ANTAGONISM OF Bacillus spp. TOWARDS Microcystis aeruginosa Philosophiae Doctor
... (HABs) all over the world. The HABs are sometimes a direct result of anthropogenic pollution entering water bodies, such as partially treated nutrient-rich effluents and the leaching of fertilisers and animal wastes. Microcystis species are the dominant cyanobacteria (algae) that proliferate in thes ...
... (HABs) all over the world. The HABs are sometimes a direct result of anthropogenic pollution entering water bodies, such as partially treated nutrient-rich effluents and the leaching of fertilisers and animal wastes. Microcystis species are the dominant cyanobacteria (algae) that proliferate in thes ...
Pancreas or liver choice within endoderm
... Temporal and spatial relation between pancreas and liver specification We first sought to define the exact time and place where the earliest markers of the pancreas and liver are activated. RT-PCR was used to investigate Pdx1 gene expression in endoderm fragments dissected from the ventral foregut o ...
... Temporal and spatial relation between pancreas and liver specification We first sought to define the exact time and place where the earliest markers of the pancreas and liver are activated. RT-PCR was used to investigate Pdx1 gene expression in endoderm fragments dissected from the ventral foregut o ...
ftsZ mutations affecting cell division frequency, placement and
... sporulation-specific protein SpoIIE have been shown to interact directly with FtsZ to stabilize FtsZ ring formation, but so far little is known about the residues that are involved in these interactions (Ben-Yehuda & Losick, 2002; GueirosFilho & Losick, 2002; Low et al., 2004; Lucet et al., 2000; Wa ...
... sporulation-specific protein SpoIIE have been shown to interact directly with FtsZ to stabilize FtsZ ring formation, but so far little is known about the residues that are involved in these interactions (Ben-Yehuda & Losick, 2002; GueirosFilho & Losick, 2002; Low et al., 2004; Lucet et al., 2000; Wa ...
Secondary Cell Walls: Biosynthesis, Patterned
... and secondary walls (Nicol et al. 1998, Szyjanowicz et al. 2004). Although KOR does not associate with the secondary wall CesA complex (Szyjanowicz et al. 2004), it has been shown to be an integral part of the primary wall CesA complex (Vain et al. 2014). KOR is proposed to function as a cellulase i ...
... and secondary walls (Nicol et al. 1998, Szyjanowicz et al. 2004). Although KOR does not associate with the secondary wall CesA complex (Szyjanowicz et al. 2004), it has been shown to be an integral part of the primary wall CesA complex (Vain et al. 2014). KOR is proposed to function as a cellulase i ...
Leaf development - The Virtual Plant
... produce new cells to add to the body of the primary plant, throughout its life. The plant may be viewed as an expanding system, composed of hundreds, thousands, millions or sometimes, billions of cells - each with specific roles and functions in a co-ordinated structural entity, some less, some more ...
... produce new cells to add to the body of the primary plant, throughout its life. The plant may be viewed as an expanding system, composed of hundreds, thousands, millions or sometimes, billions of cells - each with specific roles and functions in a co-ordinated structural entity, some less, some more ...
Numerical simulation of morphogenetic movements in
... generated within the cells that properly react and respond so that the global architecture changes, but the embryo can progressively perform more specialised functions. The strong connection between mechanics and genetics has been studied for a long time, showing how genes control and influence the ...
... generated within the cells that properly react and respond so that the global architecture changes, but the embryo can progressively perform more specialised functions. The strong connection between mechanics and genetics has been studied for a long time, showing how genes control and influence the ...
Keeping the immune system in check: a role for mitophagy
... response to unfolded protein stress in the matrix.44 Misfolded proteins that aggregate in the matrix may cause PINK1 accumulation by either shutting down protein import or PINK1 proteolysis. Thus PINK1 is a molecular sensor of mitochondrial health, flagging only those mitochondria within the populati ...
... response to unfolded protein stress in the matrix.44 Misfolded proteins that aggregate in the matrix may cause PINK1 accumulation by either shutting down protein import or PINK1 proteolysis. Thus PINK1 is a molecular sensor of mitochondrial health, flagging only those mitochondria within the populati ...