Microtubule
... Among the oldest of the world's writings mentioning both benign and malignant tumors are several Egyptian papyrus scrolls, dating from approximately 1600 BC. Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician, the "father of modern medicine”, first gave the name karkinos and karkinoma (the ancient Greek words ...
... Among the oldest of the world's writings mentioning both benign and malignant tumors are several Egyptian papyrus scrolls, dating from approximately 1600 BC. Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician, the "father of modern medicine”, first gave the name karkinos and karkinoma (the ancient Greek words ...
05 Keim
... of the cell volume and presented no obvious periodic organization, as confirmed by Fourier transform of ultra-thin-section images (Fig. 1C) and electron diffraction (not shown). There were two types of P-granules in MB from Itaipu Lagoon. The first type, previously called P-rich granules [17,23], a ...
... of the cell volume and presented no obvious periodic organization, as confirmed by Fourier transform of ultra-thin-section images (Fig. 1C) and electron diffraction (not shown). There were two types of P-granules in MB from Itaipu Lagoon. The first type, previously called P-rich granules [17,23], a ...
development through auxin-induced cytokinin oxidase activity
... A morphological analysis of fully expanded first leaves revealed that cell number, not cell size, contributes to the reduced leaf size of plants grown in low R/FR relative to high R/FR (Supplementary Fig. S1; Supplementary Table S1). Therefore, the effect of a brief low R/FR treatment on cell prolif ...
... A morphological analysis of fully expanded first leaves revealed that cell number, not cell size, contributes to the reduced leaf size of plants grown in low R/FR relative to high R/FR (Supplementary Fig. S1; Supplementary Table S1). Therefore, the effect of a brief low R/FR treatment on cell prolif ...
Biologically Induced Mineralization by Bacteria
... They exhibit remarkable diversity both genetically and metabolically even within the same microenvironment and they are thought to play a major role in the deposition and weathering of minerals in the earth’s crust. The synthesis of minerals by prokaryotes can be grouped into two canonical modes: 1) ...
... They exhibit remarkable diversity both genetically and metabolically even within the same microenvironment and they are thought to play a major role in the deposition and weathering of minerals in the earth’s crust. The synthesis of minerals by prokaryotes can be grouped into two canonical modes: 1) ...
NuMA assembles into an extensive filamentous structure when
... mutation-associated restriction enzyme site. Following mutagenesis, the 7.2 kb EcoRI fragment containing the full length NuMA cDNA was transferred into the unique EcoRI site of the multiple cloning site of the mammalian expression vector GW1CMV. These plasmids were maintained in the DH1 strain of E. ...
... mutation-associated restriction enzyme site. Following mutagenesis, the 7.2 kb EcoRI fragment containing the full length NuMA cDNA was transferred into the unique EcoRI site of the multiple cloning site of the mammalian expression vector GW1CMV. These plasmids were maintained in the DH1 strain of E. ...
Xylem Structure and Function
... prevent the spread of embolisms. The end walls of vessel elements are modified into perforation plates (Figure 2d and e). Most vessel elements possess simple transverse perforation plates with only one large perforation, but compound perforation plates with two or more perforations occur. Simple perf ...
... prevent the spread of embolisms. The end walls of vessel elements are modified into perforation plates (Figure 2d and e). Most vessel elements possess simple transverse perforation plates with only one large perforation, but compound perforation plates with two or more perforations occur. Simple perf ...
Plastid division
... Plastids undergo a process of binary fission in order to replicate. Plastid replication is required at two distinct stages of plant growth: during cell division to ensure correct plastid segregation, and during cell expansion and development to generate large populations of functional plastids, as i ...
... Plastids undergo a process of binary fission in order to replicate. Plastid replication is required at two distinct stages of plant growth: during cell division to ensure correct plastid segregation, and during cell expansion and development to generate large populations of functional plastids, as i ...
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... leads to development of an autoimmune disease characterized by T cell activation, one role of Regnase-1 in regulation of T cell-mediated immunity has remained unclear. We found that Regnase-1 regulates the mRNAs of a set of genes, including c-Rel, Ox40, and Il2, through cleavage of their 3' UTRs, an ...
... leads to development of an autoimmune disease characterized by T cell activation, one role of Regnase-1 in regulation of T cell-mediated immunity has remained unclear. We found that Regnase-1 regulates the mRNAs of a set of genes, including c-Rel, Ox40, and Il2, through cleavage of their 3' UTRs, an ...
An analysis of the response to gut induction in the C. elegans embryo
... (from an embryo in the first half of its four cell stage). In this way EMS blastomeres of varying ages could be tested to see if they can still respond to a signal. This experiment was carried out six times; 0/6 produced gut, suggesting that EMS loses the competence to respond 3 minutes before it cl ...
... (from an embryo in the first half of its four cell stage). In this way EMS blastomeres of varying ages could be tested to see if they can still respond to a signal. This experiment was carried out six times; 0/6 produced gut, suggesting that EMS loses the competence to respond 3 minutes before it cl ...
Journal of Cell Science • Advance article Rop, the
... vesicle delivery to the ingressing furrow occurs in these cells, suggesting an important role for vesicle trafficking in cytokinesis in this cell type (Albertson et al., 2008). To identify and characterize vesicle trafficking genes and other factors important for cytokinesis, we screened embryos hom ...
... vesicle delivery to the ingressing furrow occurs in these cells, suggesting an important role for vesicle trafficking in cytokinesis in this cell type (Albertson et al., 2008). To identify and characterize vesicle trafficking genes and other factors important for cytokinesis, we screened embryos hom ...
Plant mitochondria move on F-actin, but their positioning in the
... Elongated tobacco cells were regenerated from protoplasts (Verbelen et al., 1992) which were isolated (Potrykus and Shillito, 1986) from leaves of sterile-grown, transgenic plants of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Petite Havana expressing mitochondrion targeted GFP (Köhler et al., 1997). This targeting i ...
... Elongated tobacco cells were regenerated from protoplasts (Verbelen et al., 1992) which were isolated (Potrykus and Shillito, 1986) from leaves of sterile-grown, transgenic plants of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Petite Havana expressing mitochondrion targeted GFP (Köhler et al., 1997). This targeting i ...
Development of bacterial oxidative stress assays
... have been treated with antibiotics and SOD inhibitors. The fluorescence-based assay was compared to traditional methods of assessing bacterial viability including spread plating and measuring growth by optical density. The concentration of E. coli cells and the type of 96-well plate used in the fluo ...
... have been treated with antibiotics and SOD inhibitors. The fluorescence-based assay was compared to traditional methods of assessing bacterial viability including spread plating and measuring growth by optical density. The concentration of E. coli cells and the type of 96-well plate used in the fluo ...
Stem Cell: Past, Present and Future- A Review
... with different potential for proliferation and differentiations. In contrast, Mesenchymal stem cells represent a more homogenous subpopulation of mononuclear progenitor cells possessing stem cells features specific cell surface markers. Neural stem cells: The existence of stem cells in the adult bra ...
... with different potential for proliferation and differentiations. In contrast, Mesenchymal stem cells represent a more homogenous subpopulation of mononuclear progenitor cells possessing stem cells features specific cell surface markers. Neural stem cells: The existence of stem cells in the adult bra ...
COMPOUND-INDUCED HOST CELL RESPONSES AND EFFECTS ON WHOLE VIRUS CHAPTER 4
... within a week. For bioassays, each of this was made up to 1 mg/mL with either phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) solution or growth medium (complete RPMI-1640 or DMEM) as required. The compounds were further diluted to experimental concentrations (0.02 - 200 µM) ensuring that the final DMSO con ...
... within a week. For bioassays, each of this was made up to 1 mg/mL with either phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4) solution or growth medium (complete RPMI-1640 or DMEM) as required. The compounds were further diluted to experimental concentrations (0.02 - 200 µM) ensuring that the final DMSO con ...
1 - UvA-DARE - University of Amsterdam
... al., 2007). Despite the highly cell type-specific expression pattern, of these over 70 IF proteins, they all have a similar protein build up. IF proteins consist of an alpha helical rod domain, which is flanked by non-helical head and tail domains (Reeves et al., 1989), see Figure 1. The central rod ...
... al., 2007). Despite the highly cell type-specific expression pattern, of these over 70 IF proteins, they all have a similar protein build up. IF proteins consist of an alpha helical rod domain, which is flanked by non-helical head and tail domains (Reeves et al., 1989), see Figure 1. The central rod ...
Protruding Vulva Mutants Identify Novel Loci and Wnt
... sends an inductive signal to the VPCs that causes the vulval precursor cell closest to the anchor cell, P6.p, to adopt the 1⬚ cell fate. Second, P6.p then sends a lateral signal that, perhaps combined with low levels of anchor cell signal, causes the adjacent VPCs, P5.p and P7.p, to adopt the 2⬚ vul ...
... sends an inductive signal to the VPCs that causes the vulval precursor cell closest to the anchor cell, P6.p, to adopt the 1⬚ cell fate. Second, P6.p then sends a lateral signal that, perhaps combined with low levels of anchor cell signal, causes the adjacent VPCs, P5.p and P7.p, to adopt the 2⬚ vul ...
1 - AState.edu
... • The importance of lysosomes to cell function and human health is made clear by hereditary disorders called lysosomal storage diseases. • A person with such a disease • is missing one or more of the digestive enzymes normally found within lysosomes and ...
... • The importance of lysosomes to cell function and human health is made clear by hereditary disorders called lysosomal storage diseases. • A person with such a disease • is missing one or more of the digestive enzymes normally found within lysosomes and ...
Regulation of plasmodesmal transport by phosphorylation of
... N.tabacum (tobacco) and Nicotiana benthamiana. Nicotiana tabacum is a relatively restrictive host whereas N.benthamiana is well known for its promiscuity to viral infection (Gibbs et al., 1977; Dawson and Hilf, 1992). Puri®ed MP and its derivatives that either cannot be phosphorylated or mimic phosp ...
... N.tabacum (tobacco) and Nicotiana benthamiana. Nicotiana tabacum is a relatively restrictive host whereas N.benthamiana is well known for its promiscuity to viral infection (Gibbs et al., 1977; Dawson and Hilf, 1992). Puri®ed MP and its derivatives that either cannot be phosphorylated or mimic phosp ...
Chapter 3 PowerPoint
... A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. ...
... A phagocytic cell comes in contact with the foreign object and sends pseudopodia (cytoplasmic extensions) around it. ...
A primer on the mouse basal body
... novo synthesis of centrioles in human cells is error prone, suggesting that the cell’s ability to construct a structurally accurate centriole may be facilitated by the existence of a pre-existing centriole [76]. Loss of mouse Sas4 (also called Cenpj) disrupts formation of centrioles, basal bodies, a ...
... novo synthesis of centrioles in human cells is error prone, suggesting that the cell’s ability to construct a structurally accurate centriole may be facilitated by the existence of a pre-existing centriole [76]. Loss of mouse Sas4 (also called Cenpj) disrupts formation of centrioles, basal bodies, a ...
Centrosome misorientation mediates slowing of the cell cycle under
... effector of insulin signaling (Taguchi and White, 2008), was required for regulation of GSC centrosome orientation. RNA interference (RNAi)–mediated knockdown of Akt (Parrish et al., 2009) resulted in high centrosome misorientation, even in rich media, whereas overexpression of hemagglutinin (HA)-ta ...
... effector of insulin signaling (Taguchi and White, 2008), was required for regulation of GSC centrosome orientation. RNA interference (RNAi)–mediated knockdown of Akt (Parrish et al., 2009) resulted in high centrosome misorientation, even in rich media, whereas overexpression of hemagglutinin (HA)-ta ...
Mice lacking the homeodomain transcription factor
... Nkx2.2 activity since we are unable to detect any Nkx2.2 protein in the CNS and pancreas of homozygous mutant mice by immunohistochemistry. Consistent with a null mutation in Nkx2.2, there is complete penetrance of all phenotypes observed in the homozygous mutant mice. Mice heterozygous for the Nkx2 ...
... Nkx2.2 activity since we are unable to detect any Nkx2.2 protein in the CNS and pancreas of homozygous mutant mice by immunohistochemistry. Consistent with a null mutation in Nkx2.2, there is complete penetrance of all phenotypes observed in the homozygous mutant mice. Mice heterozygous for the Nkx2 ...