Transcription Factor Positive Regulatory Domain 4 (PRDM4) recruits Protein Arginine
... neurogenesis can be recapitulated by individua l mouse cortical NSCs isolated at embryonic day 10 (E10) and cultured at low density in vitro (2,3). This suggests that the temporal program of NSC division and cell fate specification is cell-intrinsic, but the molecular nature of the program is not kn ...
... neurogenesis can be recapitulated by individua l mouse cortical NSCs isolated at embryonic day 10 (E10) and cultured at low density in vitro (2,3). This suggests that the temporal program of NSC division and cell fate specification is cell-intrinsic, but the molecular nature of the program is not kn ...
The Assimilation of Amino-acids by Bacteria
... prevent the passage of amino-acids into the cell, it should be possible to correlate this effect with the acquisition of resistance when organisms are subjected to serial subcultivation in increasing concentrations of penicillin. Demerec (1945) has studied the acquisition of resistance to penicillin ...
... prevent the passage of amino-acids into the cell, it should be possible to correlate this effect with the acquisition of resistance when organisms are subjected to serial subcultivation in increasing concentrations of penicillin. Demerec (1945) has studied the acquisition of resistance to penicillin ...
D. Malpighian tubules play similar function as tubular parts of the
... tubules develop from ectodermal and mesodermal cell lineages, it provides opportunity to identify novel genes involved in the integration of cells from different origins that makes mature and functional structure. Different segments of tubules are specialized to perform different functions that prov ...
... tubules develop from ectodermal and mesodermal cell lineages, it provides opportunity to identify novel genes involved in the integration of cells from different origins that makes mature and functional structure. Different segments of tubules are specialized to perform different functions that prov ...
Xyloglucan, galactomannan, glucuronoxylan, and
... The plant root is the principal organ responsible for the absorption of water and dissolved nutrients. The root anchors and supports the plant body and may also store the products of photosynthesis and other nutrients (Raven et al. 2005). Roots contain anatomically and developmentally diverse cells ...
... The plant root is the principal organ responsible for the absorption of water and dissolved nutrients. The root anchors and supports the plant body and may also store the products of photosynthesis and other nutrients (Raven et al. 2005). Roots contain anatomically and developmentally diverse cells ...
HISTOLOGICAL AND SEM STUDIES ON ORGANOGENESIS IN
... Figs. 8–15. SEM observations of callus surface after long-term culture and organogenesis. Fig. 8. Leaf primordia (LP) and clusters of incipient shoot primordia (arrowheads) growing over callus surface; visible remnants of membranous layer (arrow). Bar = 500 μm. Fig. 9. Leaf primordia and partially d ...
... Figs. 8–15. SEM observations of callus surface after long-term culture and organogenesis. Fig. 8. Leaf primordia (LP) and clusters of incipient shoot primordia (arrowheads) growing over callus surface; visible remnants of membranous layer (arrow). Bar = 500 μm. Fig. 9. Leaf primordia and partially d ...
pdf, 1.1 MB - The Nebenführ Lab
... To test whether this distribution of Golgi stacks is truly random we have correlated the number of Golgi stacks in different regions of the cells with the available volume of cytoplasm. For this purpose, cytoplasm was defined as the area covered by the combined fluorescence of our GFP-marker, which ...
... To test whether this distribution of Golgi stacks is truly random we have correlated the number of Golgi stacks in different regions of the cells with the available volume of cytoplasm. For this purpose, cytoplasm was defined as the area covered by the combined fluorescence of our GFP-marker, which ...
Endocytosis Via Caveolae
... While clathrin-mediated endocytosis constitutes the main pathway for internalization of extracellular ligands and plasma membrane components in most cell types, it has been recognized for some time that alternative, parallel uptake mechanisms also exist. These ‘clathrin-independent pathways’ have be ...
... While clathrin-mediated endocytosis constitutes the main pathway for internalization of extracellular ligands and plasma membrane components in most cell types, it has been recognized for some time that alternative, parallel uptake mechanisms also exist. These ‘clathrin-independent pathways’ have be ...
Characterization of Chloroplast Division Using the Arabidopsis
... plants. To our knowledge, this is the first time the chloroplast division mechanism has been described in wild-type Arabidopsis. Chloroplast division in Arabidopsis occurs by binary fission following a sequence of changes very similar to those previously observed in wheat chloroplasts (Leech et al., ...
... plants. To our knowledge, this is the first time the chloroplast division mechanism has been described in wild-type Arabidopsis. Chloroplast division in Arabidopsis occurs by binary fission following a sequence of changes very similar to those previously observed in wheat chloroplasts (Leech et al., ...
Vesicle trafficking dynamics and visualization of zones of exocytosis
... the sites of vesicle localization and trafficking. This report presents novel strategies to identify exocytic and endocytic vesicles and to visualize vesicle trafficking dynamics, using pulse-chase labelling with styryl FM dyes and refraction-free high-resolution time-lapse differential interference c ...
... the sites of vesicle localization and trafficking. This report presents novel strategies to identify exocytic and endocytic vesicles and to visualize vesicle trafficking dynamics, using pulse-chase labelling with styryl FM dyes and refraction-free high-resolution time-lapse differential interference c ...
Mutations Defining Functional Regions of the Superantigen
... Initial Productionof SEB Mutants. SEB mutants were prepared in two ways, as described in Materials and Methods. Random mutations were introduced by PCR into the entire 319-amino acid toxin (BR series) or into "~20-amino acid defined regions (1-3) using randomly mutagenized oligonucleotide primers (B ...
... Initial Productionof SEB Mutants. SEB mutants were prepared in two ways, as described in Materials and Methods. Random mutations were introduced by PCR into the entire 319-amino acid toxin (BR series) or into "~20-amino acid defined regions (1-3) using randomly mutagenized oligonucleotide primers (B ...
Evaluating hypotheses for the origin of eukaryotes
... groups then each can be defined as consisting of a stem group and a crown group. The crown group is the last common ancestor of a group, plus all its descendents both living and extinct. The stem group are all earlier diverging, but now extinct, taxa. Adapted from Donoghue.(86) B: Given the absence ...
... groups then each can be defined as consisting of a stem group and a crown group. The crown group is the last common ancestor of a group, plus all its descendents both living and extinct. The stem group are all earlier diverging, but now extinct, taxa. Adapted from Donoghue.(86) B: Given the absence ...
Effective Controls for RNA Interference (RNAi) Experiments using
... To achieve successful gene silencing, efficient siRNA delivery into cells is paramount. siRNA delivery efficiency can vary between the cell types used and the delivery method used. All delivery methods can produce a negative effect on cell viability. A well-characterized positive control siRNA is an ...
... To achieve successful gene silencing, efficient siRNA delivery into cells is paramount. siRNA delivery efficiency can vary between the cell types used and the delivery method used. All delivery methods can produce a negative effect on cell viability. A well-characterized positive control siRNA is an ...
Loss of PTEN Promotes Tumor Development in
... Tumorigenicity Assays and Tumor Processing. All of the animal exper- antibody for 30 min. Tumor slices were next incubated with peroxidase-labeled imentation was performed according to protocols approved by the Institutional streptavidin from PharMingen for 30 min, then briefly rinsed in PBS-T. Anim ...
... Tumorigenicity Assays and Tumor Processing. All of the animal exper- antibody for 30 min. Tumor slices were next incubated with peroxidase-labeled imentation was performed according to protocols approved by the Institutional streptavidin from PharMingen for 30 min, then briefly rinsed in PBS-T. Anim ...
Ann Rev of Physiol, v 63, pp. 847-869
... in synaptic connectivity and neural excitation (6). It is essential, therefore, that the homeostatic regulation of neural activity does not preclude activity-dependent modification of neural circuitry. Rather, homeostatic mechanisms might establish limits beyond which activity-dependent changes may ...
... in synaptic connectivity and neural excitation (6). It is essential, therefore, that the homeostatic regulation of neural activity does not preclude activity-dependent modification of neural circuitry. Rather, homeostatic mechanisms might establish limits beyond which activity-dependent changes may ...
Graft Rejection following Burn Injury Mechanism for Effective
... ative that we better understand and control the cellular mechanism of allogeneic skin graft rejection after injury. In the most current model of immune response to serious burn injury (9), an initial proinflammatory response is quickly followed by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS),3 w ...
... ative that we better understand and control the cellular mechanism of allogeneic skin graft rejection after injury. In the most current model of immune response to serious burn injury (9), an initial proinflammatory response is quickly followed by a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS),3 w ...
Xenopus ADAM13 and ADAM19 are Important for Proper
... During gastrulation, mesoderm cells send protrusions to gain traction on neighboring cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix; a process called mediolateral cell intercalation. Mesoderm cells use this type of cell movement to converge and extend the dorsal mesoderm tissue during gastrulation; ...
... During gastrulation, mesoderm cells send protrusions to gain traction on neighboring cells and the surrounding extracellular matrix; a process called mediolateral cell intercalation. Mesoderm cells use this type of cell movement to converge and extend the dorsal mesoderm tissue during gastrulation; ...
The control of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca content in cardiac muscle
... As far as Ca efflux from the SR is concerned, a major pathway is through the RyR [7]. Since the RyR open probability is increased by cytoplasmic Ca concentration, then the open probability will be low under resting conditions. It is not, however, zero as shown by the occurrence of Ca “sparks” at res ...
... As far as Ca efflux from the SR is concerned, a major pathway is through the RyR [7]. Since the RyR open probability is increased by cytoplasmic Ca concentration, then the open probability will be low under resting conditions. It is not, however, zero as shown by the occurrence of Ca “sparks” at res ...
MAPK Phosphatase AP2C3 Induces Ectopic Proliferation of
... transcription factors that are successively ushering cells though the steps of stomata lineage: SPEECHLESS (SPCH) - initiation;, MUTE - proliferation; and FAMA - stomata differentiation [13,14,15,16]. Phosphorylation of SPCH by MPK6 was shown to control the entry into stomata lineage and to connect ...
... transcription factors that are successively ushering cells though the steps of stomata lineage: SPEECHLESS (SPCH) - initiation;, MUTE - proliferation; and FAMA - stomata differentiation [13,14,15,16]. Phosphorylation of SPCH by MPK6 was shown to control the entry into stomata lineage and to connect ...
Regulation of the Eukaryotic Redox-State through - diss.fu
... pumping, ATP-synthesis and transport processes of metabolites are no integer numbers and do not have fixed values. Thus, recent estimations state a total ATP yield of ~30 molecules from the complete oxidation of one molecule glucose to CO2 in higher eukaryotes [5]. However, these calculations are ov ...
... pumping, ATP-synthesis and transport processes of metabolites are no integer numbers and do not have fixed values. Thus, recent estimations state a total ATP yield of ~30 molecules from the complete oxidation of one molecule glucose to CO2 in higher eukaryotes [5]. However, these calculations are ov ...
Developmental Control of Telomere Lengths and Telomerase
... cell lines in vitro (Bryan et al., 1995). Interestingly, no telomerase activity was detected in these human cell lines, and TRF elongation probably was caused by a telomerase-independent mechanism. However, high telomerase activity in M. album callus cultures indicates that TRF elongation was ...
... cell lines in vitro (Bryan et al., 1995). Interestingly, no telomerase activity was detected in these human cell lines, and TRF elongation probably was caused by a telomerase-independent mechanism. However, high telomerase activity in M. album callus cultures indicates that TRF elongation was ...
Yeasts as a model for human diseases
... for species as remotely related as yeast and humans. The fact that a human gene was able to complement a yeast mutant defective in the cell cycle definitely indicated that ‘elements of the mechanisms by which the cell cycle is controlled are likely to be conserved between yeast and humans’. This fir ...
... for species as remotely related as yeast and humans. The fact that a human gene was able to complement a yeast mutant defective in the cell cycle definitely indicated that ‘elements of the mechanisms by which the cell cycle is controlled are likely to be conserved between yeast and humans’. This fir ...
Specialization of Oleosins in Oil Body Dynamics
... et al., 2007) were used to investigate the temporal accumulation of oleosins by western blot (Fig. 1B). The content of each oleosin was determined quantitatively during seed development and expressed as a percentage of its mature seed content (Fig. 1B). In a manner compatible with the accumulation o ...
... et al., 2007) were used to investigate the temporal accumulation of oleosins by western blot (Fig. 1B). The content of each oleosin was determined quantitatively during seed development and expressed as a percentage of its mature seed content (Fig. 1B). In a manner compatible with the accumulation o ...